数量化理论Ⅲ及其在煤与瓦斯突出危险性评估中的应用

研究了数量化理论Ⅲ建立煤与瓦斯突出危险性的原理和方法,以瓦斯地质学理论为基础,建立了包括煤层瓦斯含量、煤层瓦斯压力、煤层分岔合并现象、地质构造复杂程度、煤的破坏类型等11个地质因素的煤层突出危险性评估指标体系。以数量化理论Ⅲ为工具,实例分析得出马依西一井3煤层突出危险性的敏感地质因素及因素轴F1,以该轴上得分大于0.1的地质因素作为强突出的敏感地质因素;得分小于-0.1的地质因素作为弱突出的敏感地质因素,得分在0.1--0.1之间的地质因素作为中等突出的敏感地质因素,将矿井划分为强突出、中等突出和弱突出三个区域。该方法实现了地勘阶段煤与瓦斯突出的定量分析,进一步细化了突出区域的划分。     

解读《温室气体自愿减排交易管理暂行办法》

本文对发改委颁布的（《温室气体自愿减排交易管理暂行办法》进行了解读、分析其特点并指出尚需进一步解决的问题。     

Examining municipal response to a provincial climate action planning mandate in British Columbia,Canada

The engagement of UK local authorities is vital if national government is to meet its climate change commitments. However, with no mandatory targets at local government level, other drivers must explain engagement. Using a Geographic Information System, this study compares the spatial distribution of action on climate change based on past actions and stated intentions to a suite of relevant independent variables. The Action Index created is among the first to quantify climate change engagement beyond a simple binary measure and provides a useful comparative study to recent work in the USA. The Index enables investigation of both mitigation and adaptation, which show different trends in relation to some variables. The study shows that action is strongest where the voting habits of the local population suggest environmental concern and where neighbouring local authorities are also engaging in action on climate change. Physical vulnerability to the effects of climate change is a motivator for action only where the dangers are obvious. Action is less likely where other resource-intensive issues such as crime and housing exist within a local authority area.     

玻璃熔窑SCR烟气脱硝设计的影响因素分析

对影响玻璃熔窑SCR烟气脱硝设计的几个主要因素,如烟气条件（烟气量和NOx初始浓度）、还原剂、催化剂、SCR反应器布置方式及催化剂吹灰方式等进行了分析与讨论,指出在对玻璃熔窑进行SCR烟气脱硝设计时应根据燃料情况、烟气条件、生产工艺、环保法规及污染物减排要求等合理进行选择,以确保玻璃熔窑SCR烟气脱硝系统安全运行及工程投资、运行费用的经济合理性。     

提高循环水浓缩倍数节水减排方案探讨

针对川西北某轻烃厂循环冷却水水质的特点,拟采用无磷药剂配方将循环水浓缩倍数从3．0提高到5．0,并新增软水处理系统作为循环水补水,从而达到优化水质、节水减排的目的。针对浓缩倍数提高引起得的水质稳定难题提出相应的技术方案,最终达到改善水质,保护水环境,节水减排的效果。     

简析锰矿中的杂质对软锰矿烟气脱硫的影响

简述了中国锰矿资源的特点,简析了锰矿中的杂质对软锰矿烟气脱硫体系的影响,并在矿石中杂质对体系pH缓冲能力分析的基础上,将软锰矿分为高碱性矿石、中碱性矿石和低碱性矿石。     

气相色谱法单塔双柱双检测器测定农产品中有机氯与拟除虫菊酯类农药残留应用探索

气相色谱经加装双ECD检测器,实现单塔双柱双检测器测定农产品中有机氯、拟除虫菊酯类农药残留,在不须关机换色谱柱情况下实现双柱定性定量分析。该方法可节约大量定性分析时间,通过百菌清、氯氟氰菊酯、三唑酮、氯氰菊酯的加标回收试验,平均回收率为95.0%～102.5%,相对标准偏差为1.88%～3.72%,方法稳定可靠。     

Energy balances,greenhouse gas emissions and economics of biochar production from palm oil empty fruit bunches

This paper presents results from a gate-to-gate analysis of the energy balance, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and economic efficiency of biochar production from palm oil empty fruit bunches (EFB). The analysis is based on data obtained from EFB combustion in a slow pyrolysis plant in Selangor, Malaysia. The outputs of the slow pyrolysis plant are biochar, syngas, bio-oil and water vapor. The net energy yield of the biochar produced in the Selangor plant is 11.47 MJ kg⁻¹ EFB. The energy content of the biochar produced is higher than the energy required for producing the biochar, i.e. the energy balance of biochar production is positive. The combustion of EFB using diesel fuel has the largest energy demand of 2.31 MJ kg⁻¹ EFB in the pyrolysis process. Comparatively smaller amounts of energy are required as electricity (0.39 MJ kg⁻¹ EFB) and for transportation of biochar to the warehouse and the field (0.13 MJ kg⁻¹ EFB). The net greenhouse gas emissions of the studied biochar production account for 0.046 kg CO₂-equiv. kg⁻¹ EFB yr⁻¹ without considering fertilizer substitution effects and carbon accumulation from biochar in the soil. The studied biochar production is profitable where biochar can be sold for at least 533 US-$ t⁻¹. Potential measures for improvement are discussed, including higher productivity of biochar production, reduced energy consumption and efficient use of the byproducts from the slow pyrolysis.     

Biomass Based Sorption Cooling Systems for Cold Storage Applications

Controlled atmospheric storage is a widely popular technique for storage of fruits and vegetables. In this paper, the experimental studies on biomass powered absorption systems for cold storage applications using ammonia water as a working fluid pair is presented. The heat input to the absorption system is supplied by a producer gas obtained from a downdraft gasifier, using firewood as fuel. The system is designed and fabricated to store about 15 MT of fruits and vegetables, having a cooling capacity of 3 TR. The effect of sink temperature, solution flow rate, cooling water flow rate and biomass consumption on the performance of the system has been analyzed. It is found that the real co-efficient of performance of the system is around 0.35 - 0.2, considering the source-site factor for auxiliary power consumption. The operating Cost/h for the biomass based cold storage system is lower than the presently available conventional compression based units.     

Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of a Novel Hybrid Heat-Pipe Solar Collector

Abstract

This article describes a novel flat plate heat-pipe solar collector, namely, the hybrid heat-pipe solar collector. An analytical model has been developed to calculate the collector efficiency as well as simulate the heat transfer processes occurring in the collector. The effects of heat pipes/absorber, top cover, flue gas channel geometry, and flue gas temperature and flow rate, on the collector efficiency were investigated based on three modes of operation, i.e., solar only operation, solar/exhaust gas combined, and solar, exhaust gas and boiler combined. Experimental testing of the collector was also carried out for each of these modes of operation under real climatic conditions. The results were used to estimate the efficiency of the collector and determine the relation between the efficiency and general external parameter. The modeling and experimental results were compared and a correlation factor was used to modify the theoretical predictions. It was found that the efficiency of the collector was increased by about 20–30% compared to a conventional flat-plate heat pipe solar collector.