Population cycles of the bank vole in the range optimum

Patterns of seasonal and long-term dynamics of the size and structure of the bank vole population were studied in the European subtaiga subzone, the optimum of the species range. The dynamics of this population proved to undergo complex fluctuations with cyclic components, which have periods of one year and about three years. The one-year fluctuations of the population size and structure are accounted for by animal adaptation to seasonal changes in environmental factors. The fluctuations with the three-year quasi-period are determined by intrapopulation density-dependent mechanisms.     

Supporting local climate change adaptation: Where we are and where we need to go

Local governments are on the front line of efforts to address climate-related impacts. Recognizing this, there is a growing movement to develop and deliver tools, resources, and services to support local communities’ climate adaptation initiatives. There is, however, limited understanding of what specific types of resources exist and how well these resources match the needs of local practitioners. To bring clarity to these questions, we: 1) assessed the current landscape of climate-adaptation resources and services; 2) surveyed community practitioners to learn how well these resources align with their needs; and 3) convened leading service providers and local practitioners to identify strategic opportunities for moving the adaptation field forward. Findings demonstrate that existing services and resources are meeting the early phases of local adaptation efforts such as conducting vulnerability assessments and creating adaptation plans, but are failing to meet the needs associated with implementing, monitoring, and evaluating adaptation activities. Additionally, a lack of funding and staff time to support adaptation, as well as inaccessible resource formats are barriers impeding local climate adaptation efforts. The mismatch between the types and formats of services being provided and the needs of local governments means that more work is needed to ensure that climate adaptation resources are responsive to the existing and future needs of local governments. Moreover, our research finds that there is a strong and growing need to organize and streamline the climate adaptation resource and service landscape so that practitioners can easily, effectively, and efficiently access the resources they need to build more resilient local communities.     

消防卷帘门电机相位自动调节及保护系统

利用继电器及电容等简单元件设计的一个电机电源相序自动调节装置，保证电源以顺向的固定模式输向电机。     

试析环境监测工作的基础

要搞好环境监测工作 ,必须解放和发展环境监测生产力 ,履行“政府行为” ,贯彻“稳住一片 ,放开一头”的政策。环境监测工作具有政府行为组成的三种必备要素和五个特点 ;“稳住一片 ,放开一头”是因为环境监测所具有的本质属性、社会属性和法律属性     

论江汉平原以治水为主的国土综合整治对策

从分析江汉平原自然特点和总结以往治理经验出发，阐明目前水土资源综合开发中存在的问题，提出进一步开展以治水为主的国土综合整治对策。主要就进一步搞好国土综合整治规划、加强工程管理与科学调度、改造渍害田、绿化周围山丘地带和加强基础研究工作等几方面进行了论述，对该地区综合开发有重要参考价值。     

Risk management—the Swedish way(s)

We have compared three legal and administrative systems of risk management in Sweden, namely those responsible for work environment, environmental protection and chemicals control. Large differences were found in terms of the organisational structure and the general modi operandi of government activities in the three areas. Many of these differences seem to be the result not of deliberate choice, but rather of the lack of coordination between policy areas. One of the most striking differences is the much lower priority assigned to enforcement activities in the environmental than in the occupational health sector. It is concluded that systematic comparisons of experiences from different policy areas can be helpful in improving the efficiency of risk management.     

国内外环境管制与企业竞争力关系研究综述

环境管制与企业竞争力之间的关系问题成为近几年来国内外广泛关注的热点问题之一,许多学者对此问题的看法各不相同.对已有的研究成果进行了系统分类和归纳总结,旨在揭示政府的环境管制与企业竞争力之间的关系及作用机制,为促进企业的经济发展与环境保护的协调发展和可持续发展提供改革的理论依据.     

基于省际数据的环境规制与经济增长关系

经济增长是衡量经济发展水平的重要标准,研究环境规制与经济增长之间关系,将有助于寻求不同经济发展阶段下的最适环境规制强度,从而为经济的可持续发展提供环境保障.本文采用"纵横向"拉开档次法,综合考虑衡量环境规制的投入与产出的各项指标及其数据的可得性因素后,构建并计算出环境规制强度指数,同时运用2004-2008年中国省际面板数据,采用面板数据模型进一步分析环境规制与经济增长之间的关系.实证结果表明:环境规制与经济增长之间并非线性的关系,而是正U型的关系.为此,我们认为,本文结论能够对环境规制与经济增长之间的"遵循成本说"还是"创新补偿说"提供合理的解释.最后,我们根据现阶段中国经济处于迅速发展时期的状况,认为合理的环境规制政策应该是加强环境规制强度.同时认为技术创新对环境规制和经济增长具有巨大的推动作用,企业应该充分利用技术创新的优势,进行创新投资,用以弥补"遵循成本说"的劣势,提升企业的竞争力,进而促进中国经济的持续增长.     

旅游公共服务市场化与政府的作用研究

旅游公共服务是我国公共服务建设的基本领域,也是一个需要逐步完善的系统。旅游公共服务市场化,是顺应旅游行政改革和建设服务型政府的内在要求。结合旅游公共服务的实践,在分析旅游公共服务市场化的内涵、可行性以及旅游公共服务市场化条件和效率的基础上,提出旅游公共服务市场化的途径选择,最后探讨了政府在旅游公共服务市场化过程中应发挥的作用。     

How does government environmental regulation “unlock” carbon emission effect?—evidence from China

ABSTRACT

The disordered emission of carbon dioxide is an important sign of market failure, making it a must to “unlock” the high emission effect of carbon dioxide by effective means. From the perspective of technological innovation, on the basis of the data of time series from 1985 to 2014 in Beijing, China, this article empirically analyzed the relationship between environmental regulation and carbon emissions through VAR model, impulse response function, and variance decomposition. It is concluded that in a short term, environmental regulation has an inhibitory effect on carbon emissions and technological innovation and has a positive effect on industrial structure. In a long term, environmental regulation can enhance the technological innovation and reduce the effect of carbon emissions, which may even eliminate it. Generally, environmental regulation and technological innovation have a greater impact on carbon dioxide emissions, while the industrial structure has a relatively small effect. Finally, the targeted countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.