New method for harvesting energy from fluid flow based on undulatory motion

In nature, fish have gained wonderful swimming ability over the thousands of years of evolution. As the fish swims, its body, namely, it’s dorsal or tail fin undulates and then alternating waves are sent down the body towards the tip of the tail. These waves generate a jet in the wake and hence a forward force, namely thrust. Scientific studies have already shown that undulatory swimming is a highly effective means of continuous locomotion and has been successfully adopted in many kinds of robotic fishes currently being developed. However, our latest research found that if wave velocity that defines the undulatory motion of the body or the ‘fin’ is less than a specific value, the fishlike body with undulatory motion also has the capability to harvest kinetic energy from flowing fluid. This finding proposes a new energy-harvesting concept which could offer a new and promising solution to support the long-distance voyage of a biomimetic robotic fish.     

An investigation of the effects from the user’s hand and head over received level and adaptive power control of a GSM mobile phone in typical operating environment

Current evolution of wireless personal communications has necessitated a comprehensive understanding of electromagnetic interactions between handset antennas and nearby human body. In this work the handset–human body interactions were evaluated in various configurations (with and without user’s hand; with and without user’s head, and combinations of them) in order to obtain statistical averages of the overall performance for system link evaluations. The measurements were performed using the random-field measurement (RFM) method, and thus the acquisition of large amounts of data about human–mobile phone interactions in typical operating environment with measured the received RF signal strength (RXLEV), and the output power level (TXLEV) on mobile station. The RXLEV and the TXLEV was measured over the air interface in the networks on two Bulgarian GSM mobile operators (Mtel and Vivatel). Both uplink and downlink measurements were performed in urban area in three cities. Each measurements were carried out in a building included both line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight propagation of the electromagnetic waves between mobile station and base station. The results showed that the user’s hand and head induces more significant changes on the received RF signal strength in case when broadcast control channel (BCCH) levels are up to −60 dBm. Also the alterations of receiving RF signal strength and output power level of the MS are influence stronger from the larger size of the hand and head of user. The influence from presence of the head and hand of the subscriber in talk position over the alteration of the receiving RF signal strength is in boundaries from 14.21 dBm to 19.1 dBm (man) and from 8.5 dBm to 12.05 dBm (woman). The presence of the user’s hand and head increased the output power level of mobile station with 12 dBm to 14 dBm (man) and with 10 dBm to 12 dBm (woman) compare to output power level without user’s hand and head.     

海藻酸钠凝胶储存好氧颗粒污泥及其活性恢复

采用质量分数11.5%的海藻酸钠凝胶为载体,在4 ℃下避光储存好氧颗粒污泥(AGS) 7个月,并将储存后的AGS进行活性恢复。分析了储存前后AGS理化特性变化以及储存后AGS恢复情况,以期为AGS储存和储存后AGS快速恢复方法的选择提供有价值的参考。结果表明：部分AGS在储存过程中发生解体,颗粒粒径变小,沉降速度、MLVSS/MLSS和脱氢酶活性(DHA)分别下降了43.93%、22.22%和43.34%,说明在4 ℃下使用海藻酸钠凝胶储存AGS具有可行性,该储存方法在一定程度上可维持AGS 的结构完整性和微生物活性。经过9 d的再培养,AGS完全恢复到储存前水平。恢复后的AGS为黄褐色,表面光滑,整体呈球状或椭球状,颗粒粒径主要分布在1.3~2.5 mm,SVI₃₀为31.9 mL·g⁻¹,沉降速度为92.71 m·h⁻¹,胞外聚合物(EPS)质量分数为75.05 mg·g⁻¹,DHA为86.21 μg·(g·h)⁻¹,表明恢复后的AGS沉降性能较好,微生物活性较高。恢复后的AGS对COD、NH₄⁺-N、TN和TP的去除率分别为96.5%、97.8%、82.7%、73.5%,具有良好的除污效果。     

UASB和EGSB反应器中厌氧颗粒污泥生物学特性的比较

测定了实验室规模的２Ｌ ＥＧＳＢ和ＵＡＳＢ反应器中培养的厌氧颗粒污泥在不同基质中的比产甲烷活性、辅酶Ｆ４２０含量和胞外多聚酶物含量,结果表明,ＥＧＳＢ反应器颗粒污泥在葡萄糖上的比产甲烷活性、利用乙酸的甲烷菌和产氢产乙酸菌的活怀和胞外多聚物／含量高于ＵＡＳＢ反应器颗粒污泥,而ＵＡＳＢ反应器颗粒污泥中利用甲酸和氢的甲烷菌的活性以及辅酶Ｆ４２０的含量较ＥＧＳＢ反应器颗粒污泥更高,辅酶Ｆ４２０可以指示同种     

厌氧浮动生物膜反应器处理高浓度有机废水

本文探讨了厌氧浮动生物膜反应器、处理高浓度有机废水的研究。试验结果表明，在温度２０℃￣２８℃，容积负荷为５．３８￣２０．６２ｋｇＣＯＤ／ｍ＾３·ｄ，水力停留时间２３．４ｈ，ＣＯＤ去除率在９０％以上，反应器内污泥持留量高，抗冲击负荷能力强。微生物既有附着生长系统，也有大量悬浮颗粒污泥，生物膜中与颗粒污泥中的生物相有明显差异。     

水体沉积物重金属质量基准研究

本文阐述了建立沉积物质量标准的意义、用途、重点介绍了七种建立沉积物质量基准的文法,以及每种方法的基本假设、程序和优缺点,并讨论了发展现状和前景。     

Laboratory study on high-temperature adsorption of HCI by dry-injection of Ca（OH）2 in a dual-layer granular bed filter

Combustion-generated hydrogen chloride （HCl） is considered to be a very hazardous acid gaseous pollutant. This paper presents a laboratory study on the dry adsorption of HCl. The experiments were conducted in a dual-layer granular bed filter, at gas temperatures of 500℃-700℃ and n（Ca）/n（Cl）molar ratios of 1.0-5.0 using the silver nitrate titration method by dry adsorbent powders Ca（OH）2. Mainly, the adsorption efficiency of HCI and utilization efficiency of Calcium were studied, by varying relevant factors including n（Ca）/n（Cl）, tempera- ture, feeding method, water vapor and CO2. With a relatively higher HCl concentration of 1000ppm, the experimental results revealed that 600℃ may be the optimum temperature for HCl adsorption when optimum n （Ca）/n（Cl） was 2.5 in our tests. The results also demonstrated that the feeding at a constant pressure was more effective, and the HCl adsorption efficiency could rapidly reach over 90% with n（Ca）/n（Cl） = 2.5 at 600℃. Furthermore, the HCl adsorption efficiency was found to be slightly promoted by water vapor, while could be impeded by CO2, and the utilization efficiency of calcium could be up to 74.4% without CO2, while was only 36.8% with CO2 when n（Ca）/n（Cl） was 2.5 at 600℃.     

沈阳市满堂河黑臭水体治理典型案例分析

满堂河是沈阳市的典型黑臭水体,也是东北地区典型的季节性河流,其水质直接影响着两岸居民的生活,亦影响着浑河干流水质。近年,通过控源截污、内源治理、生态修复及长效管理等综合措施,已基本解决了满堂河河道污染问题,显著改善了河道水质及水环境。以满堂河为例,在分析河流主要污染来源及存在问题的基础上,重点介绍满堂河治理的总体方案、目标及措施,总结满堂河黑臭水体整治的典型治理技术及经验,以及综合比较满堂河整治前后的成效,以期为东北地区黑臭水体的治理提供借鉴。     

厌氧膨胀颗粒污泥床处理高浓度链霉素含硫有机废水试验研究

介绍了采用厌氧膨胀颗粒污泥床 (EGSB)反应器 -生物接触氧化法日处理 2 0 0t高浓度链霉素含硫有机废水的生产性试验研究。试验结果表明 ,厌氧EGSB反应器在控制中温发酵 (35± 1℃ )条件下 ,以低浓度CODCr2 0 0 0— 70 0 0mg/L ,CODCr/SO2 -4=7— 10进水 ,可有效降低反应器中毒性物质的抑制作用 ;进水CODCr在 70 0 0— 130 0 0mg/L ,水力停留时间(HRT)为 3— 5h ,pH值为 6 8— 7 2条件下 ,EGSB的最大容积负荷 15 8kgCODCr/m3 ·d ,对CODCr去除率可达 75 % ,对SO2 -4去除率也可有效地控制在 6 0 %— 70 %。进一步通过好氧生化处理 ,CODCr总去除率可达 91 3%。