全文获取类型
收费全文 | 8285篇 |
免费 | 571篇 |
国内免费 | 348篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 1628篇 |
废物处理 | 139篇 |
环保管理 | 3077篇 |
综合类 | 2260篇 |
基础理论 | 858篇 |
环境理论 | 10篇 |
污染及防治 | 257篇 |
评价与监测 | 339篇 |
社会与环境 | 354篇 |
灾害及防治 | 282篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 105篇 |
2022年 | 137篇 |
2021年 | 195篇 |
2020年 | 255篇 |
2019年 | 196篇 |
2018年 | 171篇 |
2017年 | 229篇 |
2016年 | 316篇 |
2015年 | 265篇 |
2014年 | 330篇 |
2013年 | 474篇 |
2012年 | 466篇 |
2011年 | 583篇 |
2010年 | 392篇 |
2009年 | 497篇 |
2008年 | 364篇 |
2007年 | 484篇 |
2006年 | 471篇 |
2005年 | 368篇 |
2004年 | 405篇 |
2003年 | 306篇 |
2002年 | 287篇 |
2001年 | 278篇 |
2000年 | 275篇 |
1999年 | 207篇 |
1998年 | 134篇 |
1997年 | 138篇 |
1996年 | 110篇 |
1995年 | 106篇 |
1994年 | 51篇 |
1993年 | 64篇 |
1992年 | 59篇 |
1991年 | 47篇 |
1990年 | 34篇 |
1989年 | 27篇 |
1988年 | 35篇 |
1987年 | 34篇 |
1986年 | 28篇 |
1985年 | 23篇 |
1984年 | 28篇 |
1983年 | 18篇 |
1982年 | 22篇 |
1981年 | 18篇 |
1980年 | 24篇 |
1979年 | 33篇 |
1978年 | 21篇 |
1975年 | 14篇 |
1973年 | 14篇 |
1972年 | 16篇 |
1971年 | 14篇 |
排序方式: 共有9204条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
921.
Analysis tools that combine large spatial and temporal scales are necessary for efficient management of wildlife species,
such as the burrowing owl (Athene cunicularia). We assessed the ability of Ripley’s K-function analysis integrated into a geographic information system (GIS) to determine changes in burrowing owl nest clustering
over two years at NASA Ames Research Center. Specifically, we used these tools to detect changes in spatial and temporal nest
clustering before, during, and after conducting management by mowing to maintain low vegetation height at nest burrows. We
found that the scale and timing of owl nest clustering matched the scale and timing of our conservation management actions
over a short time frame. While this study could not determine a causal link between mowing and nest clustering, we did find
that Ripley’s K and GIS were effective in detecting owl nest clustering and show promise for future conservation uses. 相似文献
922.
The farmer as a landscape steward: Comparing local understandings of landscape stewardship,landscape values,and land management actions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Christopher M. Raymond Claudia Bieling Nora Fagerholm Berta Martin-Lopez Tobias Plieninger 《Ambio》2016,45(2):173-184
We develop a landscape stewardship classification which distinguishes between farmers’ understanding of landscape stewardship, their landscape values, and land management actions. Forty semi-structured interviews were conducted with small-holder (<5 acres), medium-holders (5–100 acres), and large-holders (>100 acres) in South-West Devon, UK. Thematic analysis revealed four types of stewardship understandings: (1) an environmental frame which emphasized the farmers’ role in conserving or restoring wildlife; (2) a primary production frame which emphasized the farmers’ role in taking care of primary production assets; (3) a holistic frame focusing on farmers’ role as a conservationist, primary producer, and manager of a range of landscape values, and; (4) an instrumental frame focusing on the financial benefits associated with compliance with agri-environmental schemes. We compare the landscape values and land management actions that emerged across stewardship types, and discuss the global implications of the landscape stewardship classification for the engagement of farmers in landscape management. 相似文献
923.
流域水质目标管理技术研究:Ⅴ.水污染防治的环境经济政策 总被引:4,自引:5,他引:4
环境经济政策是流域水质目标管理技术的重要组成部分. 通过分析国内外的环境经济政策以及主要经济手段的实施现状与特点,指出我国环境经济政策的不足与问题. 以流域控制单元为对象,提出水污染防治的环境经济政策的基本内涵和特点,以“分区、分类、分级、分期”为基本理念,研究了适合我国流域水质目标管理的环境经济政策框架与构建思路,并对环境财政、环境投融资、市场化、排污收费与污染税、生态补偿与污染赔偿等具体手段进行了阐述,提出环境经济政策的综合实施机制以及相关的政策保障. 相似文献
924.
Gary S. Johnson Bryce A. Contor Donna M. Cosgrove 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2008,44(1):27-36
Abstract: Water right transfers are one of the basic means of implementing changes in water use in the highly appropriated water resource systems of the western United States. Many of these systems are governed by the Prior Appropriation Doctrine, which was not originally intended for application to ground‐water pumping and the conjunctive management of ground water and surface water, and thus creates an administrative challenge. That challenge results from the fact that ground‐water pumping can affect all interconnected surface‐water bodies and the effects may be immeasurably small relative to surface water discharge and greatly attenuated in time. Although we may have the ability to calculate the effects of ground‐water pumping and transfers of pumping location on surface‐water bodies, mitigating for all the impacts of each individual transfer is sufficiently inefficient that it impedes the transfer process, frustrates water users, and consequently inhibits economic development. A more holistic approach to ground‐water right transfers, such as a ground‐water accounting or banking scheme, may adequately control transfer third‐party effects while reducing mitigation requirements on individual transfers. Acceptance of an accounting scheme can accelerate the transfer process, and possibly reduce the administrative burden. 相似文献
925.
Payal Shah Mindy L. Mallory Amy W. Ando Glenn R. Guntenspergen 《Conservation biology》2017,31(2):278-289
Climate‐change induced uncertainties in future spatial patterns of conservation‐related outcomes make it difficult to implement standard conservation‐planning paradigms. A recent study translates Markowitz's risk‐diversification strategy from finance to conservation settings, enabling conservation agents to use this diversification strategy for allocating conservation and restoration investments across space to minimize the risk associated with such uncertainty. However, this method is information intensive and requires a large number of forecasts of ecological outcomes associated with possible climate‐change scenarios for carrying out fine‐resolution conservation planning. We developed a technique for iterative, spatial portfolio analysis that can be used to allocate scarce conservation resources across a desired level of subregions in a planning landscape in the absence of a sufficient number of ecological forecasts. We applied our technique to the Prairie Pothole Region in central North America. A lack of sufficient future climate information prevented attainment of the most efficient risk‐return conservation outcomes in the Prairie Pothole Region. The difference in expected conservation returns between conservation planning with limited climate‐change information and full climate‐change information was as large as 30% for the Prairie Pothole Region even when the most efficient iterative approach was used. However, our iterative approach allowed finer resolution portfolio allocation with limited climate‐change forecasts such that the best possible risk‐return combinations were obtained. With our most efficient iterative approach, the expected loss in conservation outcomes owing to limited climate‐change information could be reduced by 17% relative to other iterative approaches. 相似文献
926.
927.
烟道气现场监测,易出差错。监测人员必须有良好的专业理论水平、丰富的工作经验、高度的敬业精神。本文就现场监测工作易出现问题进行了分析,列举了解决问题的方法 相似文献
928.
目前环评工作中存在环评严重"滞后"现象普遍、厂址选择存在一定的局限性、对公众参与在环评中的作用和意义认识不够、污染防治措施和建议实施情况不尽如人意等问题,应针对问题,采取措施加以改进. 相似文献
929.
蚀刻废液是对环境有较大危害的危险废物,同时又具有较高的资源型价值。目前江苏省每年蚀刻废液产生量较大,典型的含铜蚀刻废液产生量达数十万t,是江苏省产生量较大的几种危险废物类型之一。在调查了江苏省蚀刻废液处置利用的主要工艺和行业现状的基础上,分析了蚀刻废液处置利用过程存在的综合利用能力总体过剩、入厂分析制度不严、污染防治水平不高、再生产品管理标准缺失、环境管理制度不完善等问题;探讨了含铜蚀刻废液的再生产品使用过程中存在的生态环境风险;研究了蚀刻废液再利用产品中有害物质的控制要求;初步总结了行业发展中技术水平和管理要求的不足;提出了行业发展存在的问题,为下一步制定江苏省蚀刻废液处置利用行业的技术规范提供技术支撑。 相似文献
930.