企业间绿色合作影响因素与绿色绩效的实证研究

本研究以制造业企业为研究对象，通过对企业间绿色共生合作关系和影响因素进行了分析，将企业间绿色合作影响变量分为：承诺、信任等5项基础合作变量：和企业高层管理者的绿色合作意愿等7项特定合作变量。本研究通过对辽宁省沈阳铁西工业新区100家企业进行问卷调查，获得了122份有效问卷。在此基础上，应用SPSS统计软件和AMOS结构方程模型分析软件包对上述研究中的基础合作变量和特定合作变量对企业间的绿色合作绩效进行验证性因子分析，并给出了它们之间的结构方程路径图。研究结果表明，所设定的5个基础合作变量和7个特定合作变量与企业间绿色合作绩效所设定的5个变量存在着较强的相关性，证实了本研究的理论假设，从而为探索企业间开展绿色合作的理论研究和实际应用提供了支持性的论据。     

Bird's‐eye view of the environmental attitude types in the sustainable consumption context

Environmental attitudes are considered to be important factors that influence sustainable consumption. Typically, attitudes fall into two main types: a general environmental attitude (GEA) and a specific environmental attitude (SEA). This study found that the effect of the SEA is stronger than the GEA in regard to sustainable consumption behavior. Also, when analyzing the purchasing behavior of green products, the SEA is a more appropriate and consistent predictor of behavior than the GEA. The study suggests a more operationalized and salient definition of the intended meaning of the term “environmental attitude,” and also advises researchers and marketing professionals to use a framework that contains both types of environmental attitudes in order to better understand what drives the attitude–behavior gap in green consumer behavior.     

Green economy: Private sectors’ response to climate change

The focus of this paper is to present a discussion of the role of the private sector in response to the need for climate change adaptations. The study, which was conducted through a literature review, investigates the concept of the green economy and climate change, as well as businesses’ commitment to advance climate actions in ways that build resilience in vulnerable communities in developing countries. The paper calls on companies with national, regional, and/or global reach to adopt or develop strategies that improve resource efficiency, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and reduce the loss of biodiversity. Businesses can accelerate this transition by aligning their investments with climate change adaptation opportunities, and thus, “green” the economy. In addition, green growth could be achieved through tactical public and private investments in mitigating climate change. The paper concludes that the private sector is a key sector in addressing the challenges of vulnerable communities, and it has much to contribute to the planning, development, and implementation of climate adaptation strategies, including sector‐specific expertise, technology, efficiency, financing, and entrepreneurship. Finally, some social conditions and environmental boundaries have been highlighted in this paper to attract the attention of business leaders who are trying to build initiatives and advance climate actions that will reduce socio‐community risks from climate change. Also, comprehensive initiatives and strategies have been recommended to private companies seeking to address climate vulnerabilities.     

绿色供应链管理在汽车制造企业的实践与思考

以上汽通用汽车开展绿色供应链管理的实践为背景,研究了上汽通用绿色供应链管理模式的特点以及绿色绩效改进的方法学。在总结绿色供应链管理成果的基础上,分析了我国制造型企业开展绿色供应链管理的优势、劣势、机遇与威胁,给出了我国经济新常态背景下企业开展绿色供应链管理的改革方向与理论依据,为我国政府推动企业开展绿色供应链提供了决策支持。     

民航机场绿色供应链构建策略与实施路径研究

民航机场是航空运输服务的重要载体,也是民航领域推进生态文明建设的主战场.文章以深圳机场为例,探讨以服务供应链为依托构建机场绿色供应链的策略,并提出了四大板块任务,即完善绿色采购,推行绿色建设,实施绿色地勤,加强绿色经营,从而将生态文明贯穿到机场生产、经营、管理的各个环节,提升机场经济、社会和环境效益,进一步强化机场生态文明建设的窗口效应.     

大孔树脂共价固定化漆酶及其对孔雀石绿的脱色研究

以大孔树脂为固定化载体,戊二醛为表面活化剂,采用共价结合法固定漆酶。以ABTS为漆酶底物,通过对固定化漆酶活性的测定,确定大孔树脂固定漆酶的最佳固定条件为：戊二醛浓度=2%、pH=6、活化时间=2 h、固定时间=10 h。在此条件下制备的固定化漆酶能够保持79%的初始活性,获得的固定化漆酶活力能够达到1．94 U·g-1。在酸性条件(pH=3)下,游离漆酶的活性在3 h内丧失71%,而固定化漆酶仅丧失37%,显示出固定化漆酶良好的环境稳定性。固定化漆酶对孔雀石绿染料的脱色率在5h内可达到96%。     

Managing Uncertainty in Runoff Estimation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency National Stormwater Calculator

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency National Stormwater Calculator (NSWC) simplifies the task of estimating runoff through a straightforward simulation process based on the EPA Stormwater Management Model. The NSWC accesses localized climate and soil hydrology data, and options to experiment with low‐impact development (LID) features for parcels up to 5 ha in size. We discuss how the NSWC treats the urban hydrologic cycle and focus on the estimation uncertainty in soil hydrology and its impact on runoff simulation by comparing field‐measured soil hydrologic data from 12 cities to corresponding NSWC estimates in three case studies. The default NSWC hydraulic conductivity is 10.1 mm/h, which underestimates conductivity measurements for New Orleans, Louisiana (95 ± 27 mm/h) and overestimates that for Omaha, Nebraska (3.0 ± 1.0 mm/h). Across all cities, the NSWC prediction, on average, underestimated hydraulic conductivity by 10.5 mm/h compared to corresponding measured values. In evaluating how LID interact with soil hydrology and runoff response, we found direct hydrologic interaction with pre‐existing soil shows high sensitivity in runoff prediction, whereas LID isolated from soils show less impact. Simulations with LID on higher permeability soils indicate that nearly all of pre‐LID runoff is treated; while features interacting with less‐permeable soils treat only 50%. We highlight the NSWC as a screening‐level tool for site runoff dynamics and its suitability in stormwater management.     

建筑垃圾源头减量化施工模式的绿色度评价研究

建筑垃圾源头减量化施工模式作为绿色施工的一种新型施工模式,不仅能够从根源上减少垃圾的排放量,还能够达到节约资源,保护环境的目的。为了能够衡量减量化施工的效果,完善该施工模式的应用,运用灰色系统理论对其绿色度进行评价。通过建立建筑垃圾源头减量化施工绿色度评价模型,并结合某实验大楼的实例,验证了灰色系统理论在绿色度评价中的实用性。由此可得灰色综合评价结果,确定建筑垃圾源头减量化施工模式绿色度的等级,为更好地实现绿色施工提供依据。     

尾矿砂绿色混凝土梁受剪性能试验研究

利用不同尾矿砂取代率的混凝土梁斜截面受剪性能进行试验研究,结果表明:尾矿砂绿色混凝土梁与普通混凝土梁的受力破坏形态相似,在相同荷载下,尾矿砂绿色混凝土梁的箍筋应变大于普通混凝土梁,跨中挠度随着剪跨比的增大而增大;从开裂荷载来看,40%替代率的尾矿砂绿色混凝土梁抗裂性能最好,极限承载能力最高。并根据试验结果建立了较为合理的尾矿砂绿色混凝土梁斜截面受剪承载力计算公式。     

传统产业绿色转型升级路径选择研究

绿色经济作为一种新的经济形式,是传统产业转型升级的一种重要方向.利用归一化分析、专家咨询和层次分析法,对温州市传统产业的产值、利税、工资、能耗、水耗、污染物排放等指标进行分析,可得出各传统产业效益特征.针对不同产业的效益特征,可通过鼓励扶持、改造提升、延伸产业链等路径来推动传统产业的绿色转型升级.