吸附-氧化法应急处理饮用水源突发苯酚污染的研究

以黄浦江上游水源地突发苯酚污染为背景,重点考察了粉末活性炭（PAC）吸附、高锰酸钾（KMnO4）氧化及两者联用技术的除酚效能。结果表明,活性炭及氧化剂种类的选择是影响处理效果的重要因素,微孔发达、比表面积巨大的竹炭对苯酚的去除效果明显优于煤质炭、椰壳炭和木质炭;KMnO4对苯酚的氧化能力强于次氯酸钠和高铁酸钾。增大PAC和KMnO4的投加量,可有效提高对苯酚的去除率;PAC吸附-KMnO4氧化联用技术可大大提高除酚效能,投加50mg／LPAC,2mg／LKMnO4可将初始浓度为250／μg／L和500／μg／L的含酚原水分别处理至18μg／L和66／μg／L,是应对高浓度苯酚突发污染的有效应急措施。     

真空排污系统管网的铺设

污水在压差的作用下 ,向前运动一段时间后 ,回落到各提升段的低洼处 ,所引起的激励波继续向前传播 ,激发前方静止的污水再次运动起来。这样经多次提升 ,污水越过上坡进入收集罐。由于只考虑向下坡度小于 2 %的管线的摩擦损失及各提升段的静压头损失 ,因此 ,根据不同的系统运行水平 ,污水提升高度可达 4.5～ 6m ,输送距离可达4km。     

均质滤料过滤阻力的数学模型

以NaCl为示踪剂 ,测定滤层内水流电导率的变化 ,通过分析、计算可以得到滤层内絮体的体积比截留量 .不同条件下的试验结果表明 ,在过滤过程中 ,水头损失梯度的变化只与截留的絮体体积有关 ,与滤床厚度、加药量、滤速的改变几乎无关 .根据示踪剂实验结果 ,得出了滤层过滤阻力数学模型的具体表达式 ,并讨论了相关过滤阻力模型的适用性     

汽车铸造铝合金缸盖失效分析

目的某汽车公司的铸造铝合金缸盖在使用过程中发生开裂,需寻找缸盖发生失效的原因。方法通过应用环境扫描电镜观察缸盖断口形貌、金相显微镜观察断口金相组织、纤维硬度仪检测缸盖芯部硬度、化学成分分析和低倍针孔度测试方法,对铝合金缸盖的失效原因进行全面分析。结果铝合金缸盖样品化学成分和硬度满足技术要求,金相组织未发现异常,低倍针孔度控制良好。分型线凹槽过深造成应力集中较大,是缸盖失效的主要原因。结论建议在缸盖的生产过程中需进一步控制分型线凹槽深度,以避免失效。     

A Methodology for Assessing Blast Protection in Explosive Ordnance Disposal Bomb Suits

To reduce human casualties associated with explosive ordnance disposal, a wide range of protective wear has been designed to shield against the blast effects of improvised explosive devices and munitions. In this study, 4 commercially available bomb suits, representing a range of materials and armor masses, were evaluated against 0.227 and 0.567 kg of spherical C-4 explosives to determine the level of protection offered to the head, neck, and thorax.

A Hybrid III dummy, an instrumented human surrogate [1], was tested with and without protection from the 4 commercially available bomb suits. 20 tests with the dummy torso mounted to simulate a kneeling position were performed to confirm repeatability and robustness of the dummies, as well as to evaluate the 4 suits. Correlations between injury risk assessments based on past human or animal injury model data and various parameters such as bomb suit mass, projected area, and dummy coverage area were drawn.     

012Al在螺母冲头模具上的应用

正确选用模具材料,对提高模具工作寿命至关重要。此文把012Al这种具有高强韧性的新钢种应用于螺母冲头,具有其推广价值。     

Development of a field well head safety system for use with radiation generating devices

This paper discusses the design, testing and application of a new interlock system for field use with neutron generating bore hole probes at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory. Such probes produce 14 MeV neutrons at a yield up to 3×10⁸ neutrons/s, and present an ionizing radiation hazard to personnel particularly when operated in an unshielded configuration. This interlock system prevents personnel from being exposed to the relatively high radiation fields caused by an unsafe condition when an operating neutron generator probe is withdrawn from a well in the ground. An electromechanical interlock prototype system has been designed, built and tested, and has been found to be effective at preventing this event. The design is simple, is effective in mitigating the hazard, and can be installed in minutes. The system could be modified to interlock radiation-generating devices other than neutron generators that are used in similar environments.     

Joint protected area management: a proposal for the management of Sanctuaries and National Parks in India

SUMMARY

With the aim of evaluating the biotic pressure on a protected area, Kuldiha Sanctuary in Orissa, India was taken as a case study. In the 19 villages lying within a 1 km radius of the Sanctuary, there are 9814 people with 19% literacy. Tribals constitute 73.3% of the population. Some 7507 head loaders collect firewood from the Sanctuary every day. In addition, 37 297 cattle enter the forest for grazing. Consequently alienating the people depending on the Sanctuary in the management and conservation of wild flora and fauna is not only futile but also detrimental to the socio-cultural-economic fabric of the ecosystem of the people. In this study, involvement of the local community in the protection and management of the Sanctuary and National Park is proposed and methods of implementation, funding and a legal framework are discussed.     

封头最小成形厚度的施工图标注与计算书输入

在压力容器设计换证审查时,对施工图中封头的名义厚度和最小成形厚度标注及计算书的输入提出了质疑。对此以实例从封头的名义厚度影响许用应力及技术条件和最小成形厚度影响有效厚度及计算结果的准确性进而关系容器建造的安全可靠性进行了讨论,认为施工图设计应限定封头的名义厚度,最小成形厚度以标注为宜,而SW6数据输入应增加“成形减薄量C3”项。建议GB150的术语符号引入C3,GB／T25798应完善封头威形厚度减薄率,《压力容器定期检验规则》应监督封头制造的成形厚度减薄率,以为容器设计提供支撑。     

MODIFIED FALLING HEAD PERMEAMETER ANALYSES OF SOILS FROM TWO SOUTH FLORIDA WETLANDS1

ABSTRACT: The vertical hydraulic conductivity for upward and downward flow conditions was investigated under controlled laboratory conditions for intact cores of organic sediments from two south Florida wetlands ‐ one cypress dome and one emergent marsh. A modified falling head permeameter apparatus was constructed for this effort; the methodology for analyzing the data from the apparatus was generalized and simplified from a previously published version. For the two study wetlands, the hydraulic conductivity in the downward flow direction varied from 77 to 89 percent of that in the upward flow direction.