低浓度渣油-水系乳化液的抑尘性能现场试验研究

本文介绍了作者用渣油－水系乳化液做路面抑尘剂在某矿露天坑３种不同类型路面进行的大规模工业性试验。现场测定结果表明：这种路面抑尘剂可以获得比较理想的防尘效果，长期使用该乳化液可取得显著的综合经济效益。     

连州电厂湿法烟气脱硫系统的综合评价

从技术性能、经济性能两方面对连州电厂的广东省首套石灰石 /石膏湿法烟气脱硫系统进行了全面的评价     

环境模型的统计评价

系统地探讨了评价模型的统计指标,并在BOD反应动力学模型中使用,取得了较好的效果。     

Results of a questionnaire investigation on the management of environmental issues during conceptual design. A case study of two large made-to-order companies

This paper investigates the current treatment of environmental issues by two companies within the large made-to-order sector. Fifty questionnaires were issued to the design team of each company to assess current practice in the integration of environmental issues with design activities, awareness of environmental issues, awareness of existing environmental design tools and the preferred format for a potential clean design tool.     

次声实验系统及其声学性能分析

为了从环境保护和劳动卫生学的角度研究次声对人的影响 ,本研究基于亥姆霍兹谐振器的基本原理研制了一个次声试验系统。该系统由亥姆霍兹谐振器、电声驱动部分和测控分析部分组成 ,通过对该系统的声学性能进行测试和分析 ,确定了系统所能发出的次声频率和次声级范围 ,讨论了系统发出次声时所产生的高次谐波对系统性能的影响及系统的频响特性 ,检验了谐振腔内部次声场空间分布的均匀性 ,结果表明该系统的声学性能是令人满意的 ,能够满足研究次声及其对人影响的实验要求。     

无排泥条件下HRT对膜生物反应器硝化性能的影响及其生物群落结构分析

以无机氨氮废水(NH+4 N,500mg·L-1)为处理对象,在不排泥条件下逐渐缩短膜生物反应器的水力停留时间(HRT,30h～5h),连续运行260d.在反应器内的氨氮容积负荷和污泥负荷分别为1 2kg·(d·L)-1和2 13kg·kg-1·d-1时,氨氮去除率达98 2%以上.当HRT减少至7h时开始出现NH+4 N和NO-2 N的积累.尽管反应器内MLSS随着运行时间的延长在逐步上升,氨氧化菌(AOB)和亚硝酸氧化菌(NOB)的数量分别从HRT10h和15h起开始下降.16SrDNA聚合酶链式反应结合变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR DGGE)的分析发现反应器内生物多样性随着运行时间的延长而增加,测序结果表明进行氨氧化作用的主要是亚硝化单胞菌属(Nitrosomonassp.),进行亚硝酸氧化的主要是硝化螺菌属(Nitrospirasp.).尽管反应器只进行无机氨氮配水,仍存在大量的异养菌,估计其生长是以胞外分泌产物和细胞裂解产物为基质.     

现代化工分离技术在环境保护中的应用

介绍了高效导向筛板、新型高效填料、超临界流体萃取等现代化工分离技术及其在清洁生产和废物处理方面的应用。     

我国健身器材质量和检验现状分析及其对策

笔者从产品质量、检测体系和质检监管等方面系统地阐述了我国健身器材产业的现状 ;通过对国内外健身器材产业的比较和分析 ,指出了我国健身器材产业普遍存在技术含量低 ,质量不稳定 ,检测标准和设备欠缺 ,服务不完善等突出问题 ;同时还具体探讨了国内外健身器材的安全要求和使用性能在生化和环保两方面的不足 ;就上述种种问题提出了相应的发展对策 ,即遵循“以人为本 ,保障安全”的原则 ,积极发展现代化生产企业 ,前瞻性地开发高技术含量的安全型产品 ,健全符合国情实际的检测体系 ,从而全面提升我国健身器材的安全性能、服务水平和市场竞争力     

可视化通风机性能测试程序设计

介绍了用通风机性能曲线测定可视化计算机程序的设计。该程序基于Windows环境，采用C Builder5．0开发，可以实现数据的自动保存、处理，及性能曲线、结果报表输出，同时具有可视化的人机界面。应用该程序可以使通风机性能曲线测定试验更加简便易行，还可以使试验结果更加精确。     

The potential of vehicle and road infrastructure interventions in fatal bicyclist accidents on Swedish roads—What can in-depth studies tell us?

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this article is to describe the characteristics of fatal crashes with bicyclists on Swedish roads in rural and urban areas and to investigate the potential of bicycle helmets and different vehicle and road infrastructure interventions to prevent them. The study has a comprehensive approach to provide road authorities and vehicle manufacturers with recommendations for future priorities.

Methods: The Swedish Transport Administration’s (STA) in-depth database of fatal crashes was used for case-by-case analysis of fatal cycling accidents (2006–2016) on rural (n?=?82) and urban (n?=?102) roads. The database consists of information from the police, medical journals, autopsy reports, accident analyses performed by STA, and witness statements. The potential of helmet use and various vehicle and road infrastructure safety interventions was determined retrospectively for each case by analyzing the chain of events leading to the fatality. The potential of vehicle safety countermeasures was analyzed based on prognoses on their implementation rates in the Swedish vehicle fleet.

Results: The most common accident scenario on rural roads was that the bicyclist was struck while cycling along the side of the road. On urban roads, the majority of accidents occurred in intersections. Most accidents involved a passenger car, but heavy trucks were also common, especially in urban areas. Most accidents occurred in daylight conditions (73%). Almost half (46%) of nonhelmeted bicyclists would have survived with a helmet. It was assessed that nearly 60% of the fatal accidents could be addressed by advanced vehicle safety technologies, especially autonomous emergency braking with the ability to detect bicyclists. With regard to interventions in the road infrastructure, separated paths for bicyclists and bicycle crossings with speed calming measures were found to have the greatest safety potential. Results indicated that 91% of fatally injured bicyclists could potentially be saved with known techniques. However, it will take a long time for such technologies to be widespread.

Conclusions: The majority of fatally injured bicyclists studied could potentially be saved with known techniques. A speedy implementation of important vehicle safety systems is recommended. A fast introduction of effective interventions in the road infrastructure is also necessary, preferably with a plan for prioritization.