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51.
52.
模拟干旱胁迫对诸葛菜无机碳利用的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为研究喀斯特适生植物的碳酸酐酶应对岩溶干旱机制,本实验以诸葛菜为研究对象,以聚乙二醇(polyethyleneglycol,PEG)浓度为控制因子,已知δ13 C值的NaHCO3为无机碳源模拟喀斯特干旱逆境,测定分析不同浓度PEG下诸葛菜叶片的碳酸酐酶活力、稳定碳同位素组成、净光合速率和叶绿素荧光等指标。结果表明,诸葛菜的碳酸酐酶活力在PEG胁迫浓度低于40g·L-1时显著性增高;碳酸氢根离子利用份额随PEG浓度变化不同,10g·L-1时利用份额最多,20g·L-1时诸葛菜的碳酸氢根离子利用份额与对照相比无显著性差异;净光合速率随着PEG浓度的增加而下降,且下降趋势成非线性关系;PEG浓度低于40g·L-1时,荧光参数显示光合系统未受到损坏。适当的渗透逆境胁迫下,诸葛菜表现出高碳酸酐酶活力应对逆境。诸葛菜可凭借碳酸酐酶作用交替利用碳酸氢根离子和大气中的二氧化碳,补充诸葛菜因渗透胁迫造成的水分和二氧化碳的不足,保护光合系统,减缓净光合速率的下降。 相似文献
53.
朱华平 《安全.健康和环境》2012,12(7):11-14,18
通过对Z41H-160型阀体端法兰断裂件的宏观检查、化学成分分析、金相分析、断口形貌观察、EDS能谱分析和维氏硬度测试等研究,表明阀体热处理不当致使硬度超高,阀门结构不合理导致硫化物应力腐蚀是阀体断裂的主要原因。 相似文献
54.
针对某型电路板高加速应力筛选剖面设计中耗费大量人力物力的实际情况,结合目前计算机辅助及仿真技术所具有的成本低、周期短、精度高等特点,将高加速应力筛选及计算机仿真技术融合,提出了运用计算机仿真手段来研究产品的高加速应力筛选剖面的方法及基本思路。对剩余有效寿命的预计、缺陷影响以及应力影响等方面进行了研究分析。从而在高加速应力筛选剖面设计信息量的扩充、成本的节省、周期的缩短等方面起到了一定的促进作用。 相似文献
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The continuing conundrum of the LEA proteins 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Research into late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins has been ongoing for more than 20 years but, although there is a strong association of LEA proteins with abiotic stress tolerance particularly dehydration and cold stress, for most of that time, their function has been entirely obscure. After their initial discovery in plant seeds, three major groups (numbered 1, 2 and 3) of LEA proteins have been described in a range of different plants and plant tissues. Homologues of groups 1 and 3 proteins have also been found in bacteria and in certain invertebrates. In this review, we present some new data, survey the biochemistry, biophysics and bioinformatics of the LEA proteins and highlight several possible functions. These include roles as antioxidants and as membrane and protein stabilisers during water stress, either by direct interaction or by acting as molecular shields. Along with other hydrophilic proteins and compatible solutes, LEA proteins might also serve as “space fillers” to prevent cellular collapse at low water activities. This multifunctional capacity of the LEA proteins is probably attributable in part to their structural plasticity, as they are largely lacking in secondary structure in the fully hydrated state, but can become more folded during water stress and/or through association with membrane surfaces. The challenge now facing researchers investigating these enigmatic proteins is to make sense of the various in vitro defined functions in the living cell: Are the LEA proteins truly multi-talented, or are they still just misunderstood? 相似文献
57.
The off-gas handling system is a vital component of a smelter and it is essential that it operates in accordance with environmental regulations. A key feature of the off-gas management system is maintaining a slightly negative system pressure to prevent gas leakage, such as SO2, out into the work and external environments. To enhance sustainable development, there is also growing interest in capturing and reusing the significant amount of heat and CO2 contained within off-gas. The potential incorporation of heat and CO2 recovery systems places importance on enhancing control to minimize the risk of both gas leakage and disturbance of the smelting process. With these requirements in mind, an easily implementable feedforward control enhancement to existing control schemes is proposed to help provide improved performance. 相似文献
58.
R. AndrewsAuthor VitaeJ.M. PearceAuthor Vitae 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2011,19(13):1446-1454
As the economic costs of energy and the negative externalities associated with the combustion of fossil fuels threaten the economic viability of greenhouses in northern climates there is a renewed interest in the use of waste heat. This paper presents a technical and economic methodology to determine the viability of establishing waste heat greenhouses using the waste heat from industrial processes in northern climates. A case study is presented of an exchange between a tomato greenhouse and a flat glass manufacturing plant, which found the waste heat system is significantly more economic to operate than a purely natural gas system. 相似文献
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60.
Plastics such as polyvinyl chlorides (PVC) are widely used in many indoor constructed environments; however, their unbound chemicals, such as di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalates (DEHP), can leach into the surrounding environment. This study focused on DEHP's effect on the central nervous system by determining the precise DEHP content in mice brain tissue after exposure to the chemical, to evaluate the specific exposure range. Primary neuronal-astrocyte co-culture systems were used as in vitro models for chemical hazard identification of DEHP. Oxidative stress was hypothesized as a probable mechanism involved, and therefore the total reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration was determined as a biomarker of oxidative stress. In addition, NeuriteTracer, a neurite tracing plugin with ImageJ, was used to develop an assay for neurotoxicity to provide quantitative measurements of neurological parameters, such as neuronal number, neuron count and neurite length, all of which could indicate neurotoxic effects. The results showed that with 1 nmol/L DEHP exposure, there was a significant increase in ROS concentrations, indicating that the neuronal-astrocyte cultures were injured due to exposure to DEHP. In response, astrocyte proliferation (gliosis) was initiated, serving as a mechanism to maintain a homeostatic environment for neurons and protect neurons from toxic chemicals. There is a need to assess the cumulative effects of DEHP in animals to evaluate the possible uotake and effects on the human neuronal system from exoosure to DEHP in the indoor environment. 相似文献