建筑物可靠性鉴定与加固技术的发展

探讨了国内外建筑物可靠性检测鉴定加固技术的现状与发展，并对常用的建筑结构质量检测方法，检测仪器和加固技术进行了介绍和评价。     

施工现场安全生产人员聚集性活动安全专项管理

施工安全生产风险是由风险事件概率和风险后果2个要素决定的。从施工安全风险后果,即潜在安全风险后果影响的人员角度,介绍了施工现场安全生产人员聚集性活动安全专项的系统管理方法。施工安全风险跟踪监控实践,表明该方法对促进安全生产绩效具有重要意义。     

民用压缩气体或液化气体气瓶库与周围建(构)筑物安全间距探讨

民用压缩气体和液化气体一旦发生爆炸,会造成很大的破坏力。根据压缩气体和液化气体的特性,通过计算,由爆炸中心到能保证人身安全和建筑(构筑)物和设备免遭破坏的最小距离。     

自然老化木材燃烧过程热行为特性研究

为提供古建筑火灾数值模拟及风险评估的基础理论,从自然老化角度入手,选取经过长久自然老化的建筑服役木材作为研究对象,通过扫描电镜(SEM)及热物性试验对比分析自然老化木材与参照木材的外观形态及热传导特征;采用差示扫描量热DSC法,研究自然老化木材在燃烧过程中热释放的阶段特性,分析不同升温速率对老化木材热行为影响特征;基于...     

我国目前的环境监测站标准化建设

阐述了我国环境监测站的建设与发展过程,以及环境监测站标准化建设的意义和作用,介绍了江苏省在环境监测站标准化建设方面采取的措施和取得的成效。指出目前在环境监测站标准化建设中存在认识不到位、措施不力,投入、不足、缺乏保障,发展不平衡等问题。提出应加强领导,科学规划,拓展融资渠道,加快环境监测站标准化建设步伐。     

Chitosan/albumin/CaCO3 as mimics for membrane bioreactor fouling: genesis of structural mineralized-EPS-building blocks and cake layer compressibility

Membrane bioreactor biofouling is usually described as an extracellular matrix in which biopolymers, inorganic salts and active microbes co-exist. For that reason, biomineralization (BM) models can be useful to describe the spatial organization and environmental constraints within the referred scenario. BM arguments were utilized as background in order to (1) evaluate CaCO₃ influence on flux decline; pore blocking and cake layer properties (resistance, permeability and compressibility) in a wide range of Chitosan/Bovine serum albumin (BSA) mixtures during step-pressure runs and, (2) perform membrane autopsies in order to explore the genesis of mineralized extracellular building blocks (MEBB) during cake layer build up. Using low molecular weight chitosan (LC) and BSA, 2 L of 5 LC/BSA mixtures (0.25-1.85 ratio) were pumped to an external ultra filtration (UF) membrane (23.5 cm², hydrophobic, piezoelectric, 100 kDa as molecular weight cut-off). Eight different pressure steps (40 ± 7 to 540 ± 21 kPa) were applied. Each pressure step was held for 900 s. CaCO₃ was added to LC/BSA mixtures at 0.5, 1.5 and 3 mM in order to create MEBB during the filtration tests. Membrane autopsies were performed after the filtration tests using thermo gravimetric, scanning microscopy and specific membrane mass (mg cm⁻²) analyses. Biopolymer-CaCO₃ step-pressure filtration created compressible cake layers (with inner voids). The formation of an internal skeleton of MEBB may contribute to irreversible fouling consolidation. A hypothesis for MEBB genesis and development was set forth.     

Incidence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in central air conditioner filter dust from a new office building

This study examined polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in central air conditioner filter (CACF) dust from a new office building in Shenzhen, China. Human exposure to PBDE via dust inhalation and ingestion were also estimated. PBDEs level in CACF dust was lower than those in the other countries and regions. Approximately 0.671 pg/kg bw/day PM_2.5 (Particulate Matter up to 2.5 μm in size) bounded Σ₁₅PBDEs can be inhaled deep into the lungs and 4.123 pg/kg bw/day PM₁₀ (Particulate Matter up to 10 μm in size) bounded Σ₁₅PBDEs tend to be deposited in the upper parts of the respiratory system. The average total intake of Σ₁₅PBDEs via dust inhalation and ingestion for adults reached ∼141 pg/kg bw/day in this building. This value was far below the reference dose (RfD) recommended by United States Environmental Protection Agency. Human exposure to PBDEs via dust inhalation and ingestion in the new building is less than the old ones.     

居住区地下车库噪声在建筑群间的传播和影响模拟计算

针对城市居住区2种典型的建筑布局,结合随机点声源模型,对居住区内地下车库噪声影响进行了分析计算.通过实测值和预测值的比较,该预测模型精度较好.运用该模型预测规划与新建的居住区地下车库的噪声的影响,可为城市小区建设规划中有效控制噪声污染提供科学依据.     

铝业赤泥免烧砖中试生产及产业化

利用铝厂赤泥、自备电厂粉煤灰、矿山石渣为主要原料在国内第一条赤泥砖生产线上进行了中试生产,采用了自然养护和蒸压养护两种生产工艺。自然养护的赤泥免烧砖达到了非烧结普通粘土砖标准(JCT4221991)(1996)中15级要求,蒸压养护的赤泥免烧砖达到了蒸压灰砂国家标准(GB119451999)中优等品MU15级的要求。通过成本核算,自然养护的赤泥免烧砖的生产成本能够控制在0.11元块以下,蒸压养护的赤泥免烧砖的生产成本能够控制在0.14元块以下,具有较好的经济性。     

九江-瑞昌5.7级地震现场房屋安全性鉴定工作的探讨

九江-瑞昌地震虽然震级较小,但震源深度浅,加之本地为历史少震地区,设防水准低,量大面广的非标准砖混和砖木房屋破坏较严重,造成13人死亡和多达20亿的直接经济损失.这充分暴露出我国少震地区城市防御力不足的弊端,经济发展的同时更应注意地震灾害风险的规避.本文介绍了本次地震现场应急工作情况,例举了地震区内不同结构类型房屋在这次地震中的表现和震害特点,并根据本次地震现场房屋安全性鉴定工作的实践和多次地震现场应急工作的经验,对本次地震现场应急工作进行总结.