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排序方式: 共有109条查询结果,搜索用时 93 毫秒
71.
Mao Yalong 《中国人口.资源与环境(英文版)》2013,11(3):53-56
Abstract With the approach of the second water storage of the Three Gorges Project, urban migration has become a great concern. However, being influenced by economical, social or other factors, ecological problems have apparently become pressing. All these problems are exerting great impact upon the speed and quality of new city's or town's construction. By means of ecology, urban ecology, landscape ecology, human settlement science as well as the principle of sustainable development, this paper analyzes the ecological problems in urban migration, and the corresponding approaches in order to promote ecological environment construction of new cities and give an impetus to sustainable development of the whole human settlements in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region. 相似文献
72.
Genetic modification leads to several important moral issues. Up until now they have mainly been discussed from the viewpoint that only individual living beings, above all animals, are morally considerable. The standpoint that also collective entities such as species belong to the moral sphere have seldom been taken into account in a more thorough way, although it is advocated by several important environmental ethicists. The main purpose of this article is to analyze in more detail than often has been done what the practical consequences of this ethical position would be for the use of genetic engineering on animals and plants. The practical consequences of the holistic standpoint (focused on collective entities) of Holmes Rolston, III, is compared with the practical consequences of the individualistic standpoints (focused on individual living beings) of Bernard E. Rollin and Philipp Balzer, Klaus Peter Rippe, and Peter Schaber, respectively. The article also discusses whether the claim that species are morally considerable is tenable as a foundation for policy decisions on genetic engineering. 相似文献
73.
Some questions about landscape modlling 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
ModellingecosystemshasbeendonebymanypeoplesincetheinitiallaunchgivenbyOdum (Odum ,1983) .Butmodellingthefunctioningoflandscapesisnotsofrequentandlandscapeecologyissoyoungthatthetypeofmodelwhichhastobechosenisnotalwaysevident.Afirstconstraintisthatthemodelm… 相似文献
74.
Yang Zhifeng Cui Baoshan Chen He 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2007,1(1):99-106
The characteristics and sustainable management of water resources on a basin scale require that they should be managed using
a holistic approach. In this study, a holistic methodology called the holistic approach in a basin scale (HABS) is proposed
to determine the ecological water requirements of a whole basin. There are three principles in HABS. First, ecological water
requirements in a basin scale indicate not only the coupling of hydrological and ecological systems, but also the exchange
of matter and energy between each ecological type through all kinds of physical geography processes. Second, ecological water
requirements can be divided into different types according to their functions, and water requirements of different types are
compatible. Third, ecological water requirements are related to a multiple system including water quality, water quantity,
and time and space, which interact with each other. The holistic approach in a basin scale was then used in the Yellow River
Basin and it suggested that 265.0 × 108 m3 of water, 45% of the total surface water resources, should be allocated to ecological systems, such as rivers, lakes, wetlands
and cities, to sustain its function and health. The ecological water requirements of inside river systems and outside river
systems were respectively 261.0 × 108 and 3.65 × 108 m3. 相似文献
75.
76.
单级序批式生物膜反应器(SBBR)多途径生物脱氮研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用传统微生物分析技术与PCR、变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)等分子生物学技术相结合的方法,对单级SBBR反应器中的主要生物脱氮途径进行分析.结果表明,亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化-反硝化途径是主要的脱氮途径,通过该途径去除的NH+4-N占总去除量的65%以上;另外2条途径则分别是亚硝化-反硝化途径以及全程硝化-反硝化途径.所有途径都采取同步和分步2种方式完成,同步方式以曝气阶段的氮素亏损形式予以表现.分步方式则依靠各种脱氮微生物在曝气阶段和厌氧阶段不同的活性程度完成,亚硝酸细菌是曝气阶段的主要活性菌种,完成NH+4-N向NO-2-N的转化,而厌氧氨氧化细菌和反硝化细菌则在厌氧阶段成为优势菌种,完成完整的生物脱氮过程. 相似文献
77.
突破行政区划,构建跨域生态治理的有效实践机制是推进生态文明、建设美丽中国的迫切需要。数字技术建构了全新的治理场域,也形塑着新的治理模式。本文将跨域生态治理置于数字化时代的宏大视野,研究认为:传统跨域生态治理模式面临难以突破的“碎片化”瓶颈,主要表现为治理目标碎片化、治理资源碎片化和治理主体碎片化,究其原因在于利益失衡下的府际不合,“技”“智”缺位下的整合失力和能力动力双匮下的参与缺失。基于此,在系统解构整体性治理理论内涵的基础上,数字化时代跨域生态治理与整体性治理在价值、工具和场域方面存在高度耦合。最后,提出通过科学补偿和考核优化建立利益共享机制,通过资源整合与整体智治建立科学施策机制、信息共享与诉求回应建立多元协同机制,形塑整体性治理的协调、整合、信任机制,以期推进“碎片化”问题的弥合解决和跨域生态治理现代化的实现。 相似文献
78.
SUMMARY Integrated natural resources management (INRM) has to address both the livelihood goals of farmers and the ecological sustainability of agroecosystems and natural resources. Under the Ecoregional Initiative for the Humid and Sub-Humid Tropics of Asia — Ecor(1)Asia — one major set of activities has been the development of approaches, methodologies, and tools to meet the challenges of INRM research for sustainable agricultural development. Examples provided illustrate the role of these methodologies in the three main phases of knowledge development for improving INRM impact: knowledge generation, knowledge capitalization, and knowledge mobilization. The methodologies are designed for better integration across disciplines, spatial scales, and hierarchical levels of social organization. Attempts are made to quantify trade-offs between biophysical sustainability and socio-economic considerations. The case is made for using these methodologies in a more complementary manner to help bridge the topdown and bottom-up approaches in INRM. Inherent in the developing and implementing of these methodologies is the forging of partnerships and fostering linkages with multiple stakeholders, as well as using the knowledge base and integrative tools as communication platforms. 相似文献
79.
环境风险通常发生在一定时间之后,以某种可能性发生在某个特定的地方,使得某些人群受到影响。因此,环境风险是典型的多维度事件,它涵盖四个基本的偏好维度:时间、空间、概率与社会性,每个维度都可能导致环境风险知觉和评价出现折扣(discount)现象。但是,传统视角往往关注单一维度,主要是时间,因而割裂了维度的整体性。基于环境风险的多维度特征,提出了一个统一的多维度偏好框架,为环境风险知觉及评价提供整体性视角。这四个偏好维度统一的内在原因是心理距离。维度共性意味着时间维度上的折现机制能够应用到其它维度,为此,对环境风险跨期评价中关于折现率热点问题的研究进展进行了一个关键的梳理。未来有必要在此整体框架下,重点关注三个方面的问题:(1)环境折现率,对环境折现率的要素及其关系进行规范性分析,进而分析环境贴现率与经济贴现率之间的关系,及双率折现对可持续发展的涵义;(2)基于维度共性,将时间维度上的研究结论应用到其它维度;(3)研究多重维度复合情形下的偏好和评价问题,建立综合性描述模型,依托具体案例探讨有效的环境风险沟通策略、环境政策和制度设计。 相似文献
80.
物流安全评估体系研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
从系统工程方法论的角度,运用物流安全评估体系对物流系统进行评估,该体系概括了物流系统安全评估的步骤、阶段、涉及的知识范围以及环境影响。在Hall三维结构的基础上,构建物流安全评估体系的四维结构,并提出物流安全评估体系的整体结构模型。给出了物流安全评估体系的具体实施步骤,并将该评估体系应用于物流信息系统安全评估中,其结果表明该评估方法可行并给出该实例的安全对策。该体系提供了一种物流安全评估的新思路,为构建更实用的物流系统安全评估体系及评估方法提供了依据。 相似文献