高铁铝型铁矿尾矿饰面玻璃的熔制

利用铁矿尾矿可熔制高级饰面玻璃 ,其特点是铁矿尾矿用量高 ,原料成本低 ,装饰性能好。在此介绍了用高铁铝型铁矿尾矿熔制高级饰面玻璃的试验过程和结果 ,对玻化过程中出现的工艺问题进行了讨论 ,并对其成本进行了初步的分析。     

防护装饰性镀层16年大气曝露试验

介绍了几种不同组合的防护装饰性镀层经16年大气曝露试验后的情况。结果表明：具有约40μm厚度的多层镍 微孔铬或微裂纹铬组合镀层可以有效地保护钢铁基体在亚热带气候条件下免遭腐蚀：而厚度达60μm的普通铜 镍 铬、镍 铬组合镀层对钢铁基体不能提供可靠的腐蚀保护。     

家庭绿色消费与可持续发展

绿色消费问题已成为国际上的热点问题。在论述绿色消费的涵义和内容的基础上，结合国内家庭的能源消费、水资源消费及拉圾排放对环境影响等方面的问题，进一步强调了家庭消费中可持续绿色消费的重要意义。     

家庭电磁辐射污染及防护

本文讨论了家庭环境中电磁辐射污染的来源、对人体的危害的影响因素和在家庭环境中电磁辐射污染的防护措施.     

办公楼装修室内空气质量监测分析

目的是评价某办公接室内装修后空气中有害物质污染水平.方法用随机抽取不同类型,布点39个,对空气中甲醛、苯、氨进行监测.结果为该办公楼室内甲醛、苯、氨平均浓度均超过国家(GB/T18883～2002)卫生标准,平均超标分别为1.1倍、1.7倍、0.3倍.苯监测合格率最高,为36%;甲醛最低,为12.8%.不同楼层甲醛、苯、氨浓度无显著性差异(P＞0.05),同一楼层不同类型房间室内甲醛、苯、氨浓度有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论是控制室内装修污染要选用绿色环保材料,加强室内通风换气,选择合适的装修季节.     

Household Location Choices: Implications for Biodiversity Conservation

Abstract: Successful conservation efforts require understanding human behaviors that directly affect biodiversity. Choice of household location represents an observable behavior that has direct effects on biodiversity conservation, but no one has examined the sociocultural predictors of this choice relative to its environmental impacts. We conducted a case study of the Teton Valley of Idaho and Wyoming (U.S.A.) that (1) explored relationships between sociodemographic variables, environmental attitudes, and the environmental impact of household location choices, (2) assessed the potential for small household sizes in natural areas to multiply the environmental impacts of household location decisions, and (3) evaluated how length of residency predicted the environmental attitudes of people living in natural areas. We collected sociodemographic data, spatial coordinates, and land‐cover information in a survey of 416 households drawn from a random sample of Teton Valley residents (95% compliance rate). Immigrants (respondents not born in the study area) with the lowest education levels and least environmentally oriented attitudes lived in previously established residential areas in disproportionately high numbers, and older and more educated immigrants with the most environmentally oriented attitudes lived in natural areas in disproportionately high numbers. Income was not a significant predictor of household location decisions. Those living in natural areas had more environmental impact per person because of the location and because small households (<3 people/household) were 4 times as likely in natural areas as large households. Longer residency in natural areas predicted less environmentally oriented attitudes, suggesting that living in natural areas does not foster more concern for nature. Because populaces are rapidly aging, growing more educated, and potentially growing more environmentally oriented, these patterns are troubling for biodiversity conservation. Our results demonstrate a need for environmentalists to make household location decisions that reflect their environmental attitudes and future research to address how interactions between education level, environmental attitudes, population aging, and household location choices influence biodiversity conservation.     

矿区家庭灰尘中重金属污染及其潜在生态风险

为进一步了解我国西南某矿区周边家庭灰尘中重金属的污染水平和潜在生态风险,选取西南某矿区周边3个村庄(A村、B村和C村)的家庭作为研究区域,分析了102个家庭灰尘样品中Cd、Cr、Pb、As、Hg 5种重金属的含量水平及其分布特征,并采用潜在生态危害指数法(RI)进行生态风险评价.结果表明,西南某矿区周边3个村庄家庭灰尘中重金属的含量水平从高到底的顺序为:w(Pb)>w(Cr)>w(Cd)>w(As)>w(Hg).Cd、Pb、Hg在不同家庭灰尘中均有不同程度的累积,其中Cd的累积程度最为严重,最高累积系数为226.30,其次为Pb和Hg;Cr和As在不同家庭灰尘中累积系数均小于1.分别对3个村庄家庭灰尘中重金属进行相关分析,结果表明:A村家庭灰尘中Cd和Pb、Cd和As、Cr和Hg、Pb和As均具有较好的相关性;B村家庭灰尘中Cd和Pb、Cd和Hg具有较好的相关性;C村家庭灰尘中各元素均不存在显著相关性.主成分分析结果表明,研究区域家庭灰尘中Cd、Pb和Hg主要来源于室外环境,包括周边铅锌矿采选和冶炼及汽车尾气排放等.潜在生态风险评价显示:A村、B村和C村家庭灰尘中重金属的综合潜在生态危害均达到了极强生态危害水平.     

城镇化对中国区域能源消费及居民生活能源消费的影响

通过引入城镇化和居民消费变量,拓展了能源消费分解的对数平均迪氏指数分解方法(LMDI),并将区域能源消费和居民生活能源消费分解为能源结构、能源强度、人口规模、城镇化、居民消费和消费抑制6大效应,分析其对区域整体能源消费和居民能源消费的影响.结果表明:2003~2012年,城镇化对3大区域的能源消费和居民生活能源消费的贡献明显高于人口规模;人口的东部聚集现象使得东部地区人口规模效应最大;居民消费对区域能源消费和居民生活能源消费的驱动力远高于其它5大效应;源于居民消费相对于政府消费、资产投资和净出口等经济成分在节能方面的比较优势,居民消费率降低反而推动了区域能源消费的增长;能源利用技术进步放缓了区域能源消费的增长.     

室内装修空气污染及治理

随着居民生活水平的不断提高,室内装修所产生的环境污染也越来越严重,极大影响了居民的身体健康。本文通过实地监测新装修住宅及办公室的室内空气中的污染物浓度,分析了室内空气污染的来源、特点、种类,重点提出了后期污染治理新方法、新方案。