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11.
Haorong Lu S. Samuel Li Jinsong Guo 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2013,49(1):90-102
Lu, Haorong, S. Samuel Li, and Jinsong Guo, 2012. Modeling Monthly Fluctuations in Submersion Area of a Dammed River Reservoir: A Case Study. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 1‐13. DOI: 10.1111/jawr.12003 Abstract: Fluctuations in water submersion of the Three Gorges Reservoir in China have not been explored in spite of their important implications for shoreline erosion and other undesirable consequences. This article aims to quantify the monthly fluctuations in response to changing hydraulic parameters and regional climatic factors. Flow velocity and water levels distributed along the 609‐km long dammed river reservoir are calculated with a one‐dimensional hydrodynamics model. Evaporation of water from the surface of the reservoir is determined using mass transfer‐based methods. Calculated flow velocities and water levels compare well with field data. We show that the water surface slope decreases with rising water level at the dam, and decreases to almost zero during the winter months of water storage when the downstream water level reaches the normal pool level. The submersion area varies between 830 and 1,070 km2 over the year or over 20% of the reservoir zone will experience the annual cycle of dry land and partial or complete submersion. These fluctuations are of relevance to shoreline management and to the prevention and restoration of shoreline erosion. Evaporation is estimated to fluctuate between 1,240 and 26,110 tons of water per month per kilometer length of reservoir channel; this can possibly affect the hydrological budget of the reservoir region. The simple methodologies discussed in this article can easily be applied to other dammed river reservoirs for submersion estimates. 相似文献
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Experimental and numerical analysis of flow instabilities in rectangular shallow basins 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
B. J. Dewals S. A. Kantoush S. Erpicum M. Pirotton A. J. Schleiss 《Environmental Fluid Mechanics》2008,8(1):31-54
Free surface flows in several shallow rectangular basins have been analyzed experimentally, numerically and theoretically.
Different geometries, characterized by different widths and lengths, are considered as well as different hydraulic conditions.
First, the results of a series of experimental tests are briefly depicted. They reveal that, under clearly identified hydraulic
and geometrical conditions, the flow pattern is found to become non-symmetric, in spite of the symmetrical inflow conditions,
outflow conditions and geometry of the basin. This non-symmetric motion results from the growth of small disturbances actually
present in the experimental initial and boundary conditions. Second, numerical simulations are conducted based on a depth-averaged
approach and a finite volume scheme. The simulation results reproduce the global pattern of the flow observed experimentally
and succeed in predicting the stability or instability of a symmetric flow pattern for all tested configurations. Finally,
an analytical study provides mathematical insights into the conditions under which the symmetric flow pattern becomes unstable
and clarifies the governing physical processes. 相似文献
14.
应用PHREEQC软件建立了基于水动力学作用的温岭市太湖水库藻类生长模型。选用2007年度温岭市太湖水库总磷、总氮、水温、叶绿素a的实测值,采用三次样条插值的方法估计出每一天的总磷、总氮、水温、叶绿素a的数值,对模型参数进行了率定和验证。将建立的模型应用于2009年温岭市桐岭水库水华暴发的模拟预测中,结果表明本文所建立的模型进行模拟运算精度较高,可以应用于中小型水库水华暴发的模拟预测方面。 相似文献
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为降低人造高势能饱和体-尾矿库在金属非金属矿山安全生产中的危险,提高尾矿库工程溃决的预报预测水平,以溃坝洪水与泥浆的动力学过程作为研究重点,以溃坝洪水运动为主线,综合运用水文学、水动力学等运动理论和有限差分数值计算方法,建立描述尾矿库溃决泥浆运动的数值模型,研究得到尾矿库溃坝淹没范围的定量评估方法。最后进行实际工程预测,计算表明该模型和计算方法可为尾矿库溃坝风险等级的划分提供依据。 相似文献
17.
Stratification and Circulation in a Shallow Turbid Waterbody 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Shallow waterbodies are often assumed to be well mixed in the vertical. However, when they are characterised by high turbidity levels, absoption of solar heating within a relatively thin surface layer can produce thermal stratification. Results from an intensive monitoring program have been combined with three-dimensional circulation modelling to examine the diurnal stratification cycles in a small turbid waterbody. The waterbody, known as Rushy Billabong, is located in southeastern Australia and its high turbidity coupled with forcing by wind and solar radiation resulted in regular diurnal cycles of stratification and overturning. Under conditions of light wind and high solar radiation, the model results were generally consistent with the observed temperature field. However, under stronger winds, preferential cooling and sinking of shallow water around the edge of the lake began to contribute significantly to the interior stratification. Model estimates then became more sensitive to the detailed bathymetry and the choice of turbulence parameterisation. The level of stratification is also shown to influence the circulation in the billabong by trapping the wind-driven flow near the surface. Insights provided by the observations and modelling may have broader implications for the management of small turbid systems such as settling ponds, aquaculture ponds, and some natural wetlands. 相似文献
18.
Celso M. Ferreira Francisco Olivera Jennifer L. Irish 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2014,50(1):219-233
Arc StormSurge is a data model that integrates geographic information systems and the hurricane wave and surge model SWAN+ADCIRC, which is the coupling of the Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN) wave model and the Advanced Circulation (ADCIRC) hydrodynamic model. The Arc StormSurge data model is a geodatabase, which is a relational database that can contain georeferenced information. It includes feature classes in feature datasets and tables, all related among them through relationship classes, and raster catalogs and grids. In addition to the data model schema, Arc StormSurge includes a number of pre‐ and post‐processing tools that help integrate spatial data and numerical modeling. As an illustration, Arc StormSurge was used to support the modeling of Hurricane Bret, which made landfall in the Corpus Christi area in Texas in 1999. By using Arc StormSurge, it was possible to take advantage of already available geo‐referenced information (e.g., base maps, land cover datasets, and monitoring station locations) for the model setup, and for identifying spatial patterns in the model results by presenting them in map format. 相似文献
19.
Mark J. Brush 《Ecological modelling》2010,221(7):965-968
The development and application of ecosystem models in estuarine and coastal systems has grown exponentially over the past four decades. Models have become ensconced as major tools for both heuristic study of ecosystem structure and function as well as for informing management decisions, particularly with respect to cultural eutrophication. In recent years an ever-expanding toolbox of modeling approaches is being offered to complement traditional methods. This expansion of modeling in estuarine and coastal science was exemplified by four sessions devoted to modeling at the 2007 biennial conference of the Estuarine Research Federation in Providence, RI. We felt the time was right to propose a special session of Ecological Modelling to synthesize talks from these sessions to present the state of the art in coastal and estuarine modeling. The collection of papers contained in this special issue presents a diversity of traditional and novel modeling approaches, methods for assessing model validity and predictability, and the utility of models in management applications. We believe that together these papers provide an excellent overview of current approaches to modeling estuarine hydrodynamics, water quality, and ecosystem/food web dynamics, applications of complex and relatively simple modeling approaches, applications in both deep and shallow coastal systems, goals relevant for both heuristic and management applications, and perspectives based on traditional mechanistic model development as well as more recent alternative approaches. 相似文献
20.
内循环生物流化床反应器的理论分析 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:10
从反应器理论、生物膜动力学及水力学的角度对内循环式三相生物流化床反应器的流态、生物膜降解有机物及启动挂膜特性进行分析,认为在内循环三相流化床中D/ud=const,对于一般城市污水处理系统求出了效率因子,建立了内循环速度与反应器尺寸的关系,同时提出了可能进一步提高反应器处理效率的优化途径。 相似文献