“结构—行为—绩效”框架下农地整理的管护绩效研究

在分析农地整理建后管护基本内涵的基础上开发了农民满意度绩效量表,引入新制度经济学领域"结构—行为—绩效"(SCP)范式,构建农地整理建后管护的"组织结构—管护行为—管护绩效"的分析框架。以湖北省赤壁市黄盖湖农场和嘉鱼县潘家湾镇为研究区域开展实证研究,通过比率标度法和熵权法生成绩效测度的组合权重并得到满意度绩效,运用调查数据检验建后管护的组织结构和管护行为对管护绩效的影响机理,分析组织结构的工作职能、成长机制以及管护行为中的集体行为和个体行为的影响程度。研究结果显示:受访农民对农地整理的管护绩效评价接近于"一般",企业管护模式下黄盖湖农场和集体管护模式下潘家湾镇的管护绩效存在显著的地区差异;表征管护组织持续发展状态、内部结构完善程度的组织结构类变量以及表征管护资金投入、受益农民群体参与程度的管护行为类变量是显著影响管护绩效的解释变量;黄盖湖农场企业化经营的组织结构、潘家湾镇的综合治理改革以及受到县级财政专项支持等外部要素是造成农地整理管护绩效差异的主要原因。研究结论验证了农地整理建后管护SCP分析框架的有效性,为提升农地整理管护绩效提供了理论依据。     

Global trends and development of energy services industry in China

Energy service is an effective way to promote energy conservation by market mechanisms, including energy saving services, energy procurement, supply of many varieties of energy, supply of renewable energy technologies, energy-related consulting services, risk management, etc. China is a major energy consumer but energy is in short supply, and the efficiency of energy use is low. China’s energy service industry has expanded rapidly, in terms of both the number of new Energy Service Companies entering the market and amount of capital invested in Energy Performance Contracting projects, but the energy service sector in China is still at an early stage of development. Developed countries began early in developing the energy service sector and their energy service market is mature, and the experience of developed countries shows that energy services play a significant role in advancing energy saving and emission reduction. Under the new situation, China needs combine energy services experience of developed countries, and take following measures to accelerate China’s energy services rapid and healthy development, including the long-term aspects of policy planning, energy-saving core technology, finance and capital investment, public sector reductions, personnel training, and so on.     

生态福利绩效视角下的上海市可持续发展评价研究

资源与环境约束加剧的大背景下,在"生态门槛"内实现社会福利最大化的可持续发展模式是未来城市发展的必然选择。从生态福利绩效视角出发,选取人均生态足迹和人类发展指数构建城市可持续发展评价指标体系,并采用DEA方法计算二者的投入产出效率,对上海市1999~2012年可持续发展水平进行多维度、动态化的实证分析。研究发现:1上海市人类发展指数、人均生态足迹与经济发展同步增长,但人均生态足迹水平大于生态承载能力,处于严重"生态赤字"状态,并不断恶化;2上海市多数年份的生态福利绩效处于DEA无效状态,且2005年以来进入规模收益递减通道。最后提出政策建议。     

新型汽车空调制冷剂CMR-O2与R12、R134a性能比较

介绍一种新型制冷剂CMR-02。为分析其应用于汽车空调的可行性,比较了CMR-02与R134a和R12三种制冷剂在热工性能、环境性能、安全性与共沸性等方面的优劣,并比较了CMR-02和R134a的压缩机性能,发现CMR-02的单位质量制冷量增加显著(68.10%),单位容积制冷量增加14.38%,符合环保要求,且成本低廉,可以作为R12的一种较好的过渡性替代物。     

生活垃圾焚烧飞灰在饰面砖中资源化应用技术

分析了飞灰的性质,利用飞灰、红泥及缸砂研制饰面砖,研究了飞灰对饰面砖性能及微观结构的影响,并对其安全性进行了评价。结果表明:飞灰主要化学成分是CaO、SiO2、Al2O3,构成SiO2-Al22O3-金属氧化物体系,可用作饰面砖的原材料;当飞灰掺加量为20%时,饰面砖表现出良好的性能:抗压强度19·2MPa,吸水率7·2%,表观质量达到一等品要求;与飞灰相比,饰面砖中重金属浸出能力大大降低:As、Pb、Ni、Cr、Cu、Hg、Cd水平振荡浸出毒性未检测出,Zn的水平振荡浸出值下降到飞灰中的0·014倍,Hg、Cd有效浸出毒性未检测出,As、Pb、Ni、Cr、Cu、Zn的有效浸出毒性分别下降到飞灰中的0·056、0·001、0·067、0·058、0·056、0·029倍。     

ABR反应器的碱度变化及调控研究

研究了折流厌氧反应器(ABR)运行中碱度的变化情况及其与ABR各格室中VFA、pH和COD变化之间的关系.结果表明,碱度沿程变化与反应器的VFA浓度变化密切相关,碱度和pH值的最低点出现在VFA浓度最高点.碱度条件是通过pH值影响系统的运行.ABR沿程碱度和pH值变化都存在一个先降低后上升的过程.碱度控制一般以保证ABR沿程最低pH值不低于6.0为准,6.5以上为佳.进水碱度的下限与反应器的进水浓度密切相关.在低负荷COD条件下[3.7 kg/(m³·d)],保持ABR运行良好的最低碱度为800 mg/L.     

典型软垫家具材料火灾特性的小尺寸实验研究

本文借助锥型量热计对制作软垫家具的材料进行小尺寸实验,获得了典型软垫家具面料、聚氨酯海绵填料及其组合件的燃烧性能参数。通过对实验获得参数的分析比较,认为面料对组合件燃烧特性的影响大,仅使用阻燃布就可以明显改善组合的火灾特性。     

环境对冲压发动机烟火点火器性能影响研究

为促进某型冲压发动机烟火点火器生产工艺的定型,在海南进行了高温、高湿热带海洋气候自然环境对点火器长期贮存性能影响的研究。点火器采取无包装的暴露试验和密封包装贮存试验2种方法,分别在户外暴露场、棚库和库房等3种环境条件下进行试验。通过试验得到环境温度变化对密封包装储存的点火器的绝缘电阻值、电阻性能均无明显影响,点火性能良好,玻璃钢、涂层等贮存性能良好,点火器的环境适应性良好等结论。     

The passion bug: How and when do leaders inspire work passion?

Drawing from signaling theory, we propose a work passion transfer model where leaders' passion is transmitted to employees through the former's leadership style and is contingent on employees' perceived importance of performance to self-esteem (IPSE). Data from 201 supervisor–employee dyads from the health-care industry show that leaders' harmonious passion led to employees' harmonious passion through charismatic leadership, whereas contingent reward leadership accounted for the transfer of obsessive passion; IPSE did not play a moderating role for either form of passion. Results from a supplementary study further reveal that the link between leadership and employee passion operated through employees' perception of leader passion and that employees' IPSE accentuated for the relationship between perceived leader obsessive passion and employees' obsessive passion. This study advances research in work passion, leadership, and signaling theory and provides important implications for managerial practice.     

气凝胶消防服隔热层研制的可行性分析

为了减少火焰环境对消防员的伤害,基于消防服隔热层对消防员生命安全保障的重要性,运用对比描述的方法对现有隔热层进行了分析比较,探究了其优缺点和性能,提出了轻质且具有优异隔热性能是隔热层的发展趋势,通过对气凝胶性能的理论分析和服用性能分析,研究了利用气凝胶材料研制消防服的隔热层,结果表明气凝胶在服装领域应用已经比较广泛,在消防服领域中也已有初步应用,但用气凝胶研制消防服隔热层仍存在着一定的挑战。