壬基酚在污灌土壤中吸附行为研究

采用序批式室内实验研究了壬基酚(NP)在污灌土壤中的吸附行为,同时探讨了壬基酚在土壤中吸附行为的影响因素,包括pH、离子强度、黑炭和矿物质.水溶液中NP检测方法为液液萃取-高效液相方法(LLE-HPLC).研究结果表明,土壤中有机质含量在吸附过程中起决定作用,土壤自身矿物组成成分对NP吸附行为具有一定影响.NP在土壤中吸附反应6h后达到平衡,吸附动力学都符合准二级线性模式;吸附等温线符合线性模式.壬基酚在污灌和清灌土壤中有机质吸附系数(Koc)分别为3.1×104 L·kg-1和3.2 ×104 L·kg-1,在土壤中很难移动.pH改变对壬基酚在土壤中吸附行为影响程度要高于离子强度,碱性条件下影响结果更为显著.NP在土壤黑炭和矿物质中吸附行为均符合线性模式,分配系数都有所下降.     

中国沿海省市海洋生态补偿效率评价

本文运用考虑非期望产出的超效率SBM模型、DEA-Malmquist指数模型、Tobit模型和标准差椭圆模型,对2006-2016年中国11个沿海省市的海洋生态补偿效率开展测度和分析,结果显示：2006~2016年中国总体海洋生态补偿效率平均值为0.633,处于中等效率水平,随时间呈“下降-上升-稳定”的趋势;海洋生态技术进步依旧是海洋生态补偿过程中全要素生产率的重要驱动力,但面临一定的技术效率损失;海洋第三产业比重对海洋生态补偿效率值有正向的显著影响,城市化率、进出口总额占比和海洋灾害直接经济损失对海洋生态补偿效率存在显著的负向影响;海洋生态补偿效率的空间聚集性增强,区域不平衡性有所收敛,空间分布格局基本保持稳定.     

Synthesis, characterization and experimental investigation of Cu-BTC as CO2 adsorbent from flue gas

Porous Cu-BTC material was synthesized by the solvothermal method. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) was used to test the phase purity of the synthesized material and investigate its structural stability under the influence of flue gas components. The thermal stability of the material was determined through thermal gravimetric (TG) analysis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to study the microstructure of the material. Cu-BTC was demonstrated not only to have high CO₂ adsorption capacity but also good selectivity of CO₂ over N₂ by means of packed bed tests. The adsorption capacity of Cu-BTC for CO₂ was about 69 mL/g at 22°C. The influence of the main flue gas components on the CO₂ capacity of the material were discussed as well.     

岩溶山区煤炭开采的环境影响与对策浅析

岩溶山区的煤炭开采必将时生态环境造成影响和破环．为确保煤炭生产与生态环境的协调发展，根据岩溶山区资源环境与生态特点。采取积极有效的综合防治措施，以及收取环境恢复治理保证金的建议，可望通过实践取得成效．     

塔里木河流域综合治理的环境影响趋势分析

塔里木河流域综合治理已被列入国家和自治区的重点工程,本文分析了目前塔河流域的环境现状和的问题,着重讨论了综合治理规划实施对塔河流域环境的影响趋势。     

The politics of employment liability

Employment liability is an important check and balance against employee harm at work. In practice, however, an inadvertent consequence of employment liability is a potential shift in power from organizations to employees that affects subsequent managerial decision making. In this Incubator, we discuss behavioral and attitudinal ramifications of employment liability at work. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

近百年中国亚热带地区农业气候带界限动态变化及其对农业生产的影响

本文利用我国东部亚热带地区315个站点的资料,采用农业气候带分界指标,分析了北亚热带北界、中亚热带北界、南亚热带北界3个界限近百年的动态变化以及农业气候带界限波动变化对农业生产的影响。     

大型垃圾焚烧厂周边环境汞影响的初步调查

对上海浦东生活垃圾焚烧厂运行2年来对周边环境的汞影响的初步调查结果显示:垃圾焚烧厂周边环境的土壤背景值偏高,平均为125.9ng/g;运行1a后和2a后的平均值分别为139.9ng/g和137.7ng/g,其中处于下风口的偏西面受影响较大;当地种植的大部分蔬菜叶子的汞含量超过国家卫生标准(GB2762-94),2003年的大豆和高梁果实中汞含量分别是2002年的2.3和2.7倍.垃圾焚烧厂上风口、厂区内和下风口处大气汞浓度分别为5.1ng/m³、5.0ng/m³和10.6ng/m³.     

基于量纲分析的转载点诱导气流影响因素分析与应用

为解决转载点粉尘污染问题,采用量纲分析法将影响转载点诱导风量的因素进行分类推演,建立转载系统诱导风量计算模型,并搭建转载点诱导气流实验装置,系统分析物料在转载过程中给料量、落料高差、下料管倾角和皮带运行速度等因素对产生诱导气流的影响,拟合得出转载点诱导风量计算模型的数学表达式。结果表明:转载点物料的给料量和落料高差是影响诱导风量的主要因素;对量纲分析所得模型利用实验数据进行拟合所得各参数系数的标准误差优于0.032 1,实验结果与数学模型计算结果误差小于9.48%。该计算模型可用于估算转载点诱导风量大小,为现场的粉尘治理及生产实践提供参考依据。     

Acciphilia on the road: An analysis of severe collisions

Introduction

Although prior studies of road traffic accidents have found between-group differences in risk, little attention has been given to the encounter between drivers involved in severe collisions.

Method

The present study empirically evaluates two different possible causes of "social accidents," which are defined as collisions between two or more drivers where some faulty social interaction might be assumed, and which are the most prevalent cause of road injuries. The analyses use merged Israeli collision records from 1983 to 2004 with data from two national censuses, thus providing an unprecedented empirical basis to study the social foundations of car accidents. The data are used to adjudicate between two alternative hypotheses: the heterogeneity hypothesis (socially different drivers tend to collide) versus the homogeneity hypothesis (socially similar drivers tend to collide).

Results

Multivariate analyses provide preliminary support for the latter hypothesis. Given an accident, there are more collisions among drivers from the same broad educational group, and the factors that influence this correlation are independent of geography. The paper thus leads to the idea that severe collisions reflect a sociological or ecological process that is akin to acciphilia.

Impact on Industry

The preliminary findings suggest that variation between drivers may be preferable to similarity, since apparently there is a greater tendency toward collisions between similar drivers.