2017年春夏期间南京地区臭氧污染输送影响及潜在源区

基于南京市空气质量数据与NCEP 全球再分析资料,利用后向轨迹模式计算了 2017 年春夏(4～10 月)到达南京城区逐时的24 h 近地面气团后向轨迹,并将后向轨迹数据与臭氧质量浓度数据结合,进行轨迹聚类与潜在源区分析.结果表明,2017年南京市臭氧日最大8 h 滑动平均浓度在12～261 μg·m-3,超标共58 ...     

主成分和聚类分析应用于淮南矿区地下水水质评价

运用主成分方法分析淮南矿区23个地下水样的7个水样指标,提取出4个主成分,应用聚类分析对该4个主成分的得分进行聚类。在此基础上,将主成分得分与其对应的特征值相乘,得到水质综合评价指数。聚类分析后水样划分为5类,对每一类的水质综合评价指数取平均值,从而确定水质等级。     

Sustainable supplier selection criteria classification for Indian iron and steel industry: a fuzzy modified Kano model approach

ABSTRACT

The aim of this work is to provide a systematic approach for sustainability criteria clustering into different useful categories. For this purpose, a methodology has been proposed with the following three steps. (i) A comprehensive set of the sustainability criteria in economic, environmental and social dimension has been extracted from the literature and have been customised for the iron and steel industry. (ii) A fuzzy Kano methodology has been used to classify these sustainability criteria into useful Kano cluster like must-be, one-dimensional, and attractive cluster (iii) further, must-be and attractive criteria derived from the second step were further sub-classified into three categories using Type IV Kano model. All steps have been examined in the iron and steel industry of India and findings indicate that quality and delivery criteria are classified as high must be criteria in the economic realm. Further, environmental and energy management system in the environmental dimension and social responsibility and right of stakeholders criteria in the social dimension are classified as high must be criteria. Prioritising must be and attractive criteria enable decision makers of other industries to select the appropriate criteria to adopt sustainability.     

Ecological analysis of disturbed riverbanks in the Montréal area of Québec

In revegetation trials on disturbed riverbank sites in the Montréal region (Québec, Canada), an analysis of their structure by means of their biotic and abiotic components was undertaken. Vegetation sampling and physical surveys, together with soil analyses of 62 stands, grouped in 20 sectors, were carried out in the summer of 1986. The statistical analyses of biotic and abiotic data were executed in parallel by a hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis (arithmetic average clustering) and by an ordination in reduced space (principal coordinate analysis). The species colonizing these riverbanks are, for the most part, ruderals from the Montréal region, of which more than 50% are introduced species. The pioneering communities characterizing these artificial habitats have had very little impact on the physical conditions of their environment; therefore, the ordination on the plant communities proves to be strongly correlated to the ordination stemming from the abiotic components. The statistical analysis retains the original sectors, underlining the fact that each human intervention generally results in the creation of a particular ecological situation.     

上海市TSP-Pb空气质量监测点位优化研究

通过对上海市23个站点的TSP-Pb监测数据的分析,发现TSP与Pb之间具有良好的相关性.因此考虑只用TSP数据对站点进行优化.通过对各站点TSP数据的聚类分析,将所有站点分为6类,然后对包含多个站点的类,将类中各站点与本类均值一同进行再聚类,选取代表站点.最终选取6个站点作为上海市TSP-Pb污染水平的代表站点.优化前后的对比分析表明,优化结果合理,信息损失量小.     

单环芳族化合物结构与生物降解性关系的统计分析

使用量子化学方法MOPAC6．0-AMI软件计算了42种单环芳族化合物的分子最高占有轨道能(EHOMO)、分子最低空轨道能(ELUMO)、分子生成热(Hf)、分子表面积(TSA)、偶极矩(μ)和分子量(Mw)值；从ClogP软件查得分子的辛醇／水分配系数lgP。对化合物的上述7种结构参数进行因子分析，提取3个主因子可代表化合物的绝大部分结构信息。根据因子得分，对化合物进行了聚类分析。分别以各个主亚类中的化合物为对象，进行结构-生物降解性关系分析，得到系列相关方程，所研究化合物的生物降解性主要与取代基的电子效应有关。     

北亚热带过渡区土壤的模糊聚类分析

本文阐述了北亚热带过渡区十个土壤剖面的成土条件和基本性质，应用模糊聚类对土壤的五项诊断指标进行了分析，并与发生分类和诊断分类相比较．在中国土壤系统分类中提出建立淋溶土纲和始成土纲的基础上，探讨了供试土壤的分类地位。其中０１－０４号剖面属于典型铁质湿润淋溶上亚类；０５—０７和０９号剖面归为铁质粘磐半干润淋溶土亚类；０８号剖面为典型半干润淡色始成上亚类，１０号剖面为典型淡色滞水淋溶士亚类。     

湖南省生态经济分区及其发展研究

生态经济分区旨在协调区域经济发展与生态环境保护及自然资源利用的关系，是宏观管理区域社会经济持续发展的一种新模式、文章根据省级生态建设与发展需要，从生态经济系统原理出发，选择了34个适合湖南省生态经济系统分类的特征指标，以行政县为分类的基本单元，采用模糊聚类分析方法对湖南省进行了不重叠、内在的聚合分类。研究结果将湖南省分为6个生态经济区和24个生态经济亚区，与实际相符。在此基础上，对各生态经济区的生态经济特点、发展方向和环境保护策略进行了具体分析，为宏观指导湖南省生态经济建设与可持续发展提供科学依据。     

Statistics: an essential technology in environmental research and management

Statistical methods as developed and used in decision making and scientific research are of recent origin. The logical foundations of statistics are still under discussion and some care is needed in applying the existing methodology and interpreting results. Some pitfalls in statistical data analysis are discussed and the importance of cross examination of data (or exploratory data analysis) before using specific statistical techniques are emphasized. Comments are made on the treatment of outliers, choice of stochastic models, use of multivariate techniques and the choice of software (expert systems) in statistical analysis. The need for developing new methodology with particular relevance to environmental research and policy is stressed.Dr Rao is Eberly Professor of Statistics and Director of the Penn State Center for Multivariate Analysis. He has received PhD and ScD degrees from Cambridge University, and has been awarded numerous honorary doctorates from universities around the world. He is a Fellow of Royal Society, UK; Fellow of Indian National Science Academy; Foreign Honorary Member of American Academy of Arts and Science; Life Fellow of King's College, Cambridge; and Founder Fellow of the Third World Academy of Sciences. He is Honorary Fellow and President of International Statistical Institute, Biometric Society and elected Fellow of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics. He has made outstanding contributions to virtually all important topics of theoretical and applied statistics, and many results bear his name. He has been Editor of Sankhya and theJournal of Multivariate Analysis, and serves on international advisory boards of several professional journals, includingEnvironmetrics and theJournal of Environmental Statistics. This paper is based on the keynote address to the Seventh Annual Conference on Statistics of the United States Environmental Protection Agency.     

生活垃圾焚烧厂周边土壤中PCDD/Fs及重金属含量

为了解城市生活垃圾焚烧发电厂周边表层土壤中二噁英、重金属来源及分布特征,选取成都地区3座典型生活垃圾焚烧厂作为研究对象,开展了周边土壤中17种多氯二苯并对二噁英/呋喃（PCDD/Fs）及11种重金属含量监测.结果显示,土壤样品中的PCDD/Fs和重金属的浓度范围分别为0.25~7.5ng I-TEQ/kg和0.23～580.57mg/kg;3座垃圾焚烧厂周边土壤中多氯二苯并呋喃（PCDFs）的毒性当量浓度贡献率要高于多氯二苯并二噁英（PCDDs）,PCDFs毒性当量浓度平均贡献率达到55%;土壤样品中Cd、Hg、Pb、Cu、Zn之间具有良好的相关性,Hg、Pb、Zn与部分PCDFs具有良好的相关性,相关系数r分别为0.792、0.760、0.788,所对应的p值分别为0.034、0.047、0.035,并被归类为同一聚类,可将这部分重金属元素作为重金属示踪剂来表征PCDFs的来源.