生物表面活性剂逆胶束中漆酶催化性能的研究

对一种新型生物表面活性剂逆胶束中漆酶的催化性能进行了研究.以鼠李糖脂(RL,阴离子生物表面活性剂)为表面活性剂,异辛烷和正己醇为溶剂和助表面活性剂,构建逆胶束,分别考察了有机相组成、RL浓度、逆胶束体系含水率W0、缓冲溶液酸碱度及盐浓度等因素对该逆胶束体系中漆酶催化性能的影响.结果表明,当逆胶束有机相正己醇/异辛烷体积比为1:1.8,RL浓度为13mmol/L,体系含水率W0为42,缓冲溶液pH5.0,KCl浓度为10mmol/L时,该体系中漆酶具有较好的活性及稳定性.对比试验显示,与化学表面活性剂AOT逆胶束相比,RL逆胶束能使漆酶表现出较高的活性及稳定性,说明与传统化学表面活性剂相比生物表面活性剂在构建逆胶束酶体系上的具有一定的优越性.     

镰刀菌(Fusarium sp.)HJ01对中性艳蓝GL的脱色降解特性研究

利用镰刀菌(Fusarium sp.)HJ01降解中性艳蓝GL,经扩增翻译延伸因子TEF1对HJ01菌株做了种的鉴定,并考察了温度、pH值对该菌株降解酶漆酶的活性,以及对中性艳蓝GL脱色率及COD去除率的影响.结果表明,该菌株属层出镰刀菌(Fusarmm proliferatum).HJ01菌株所产降解酶漆酶在pH为2.0～8.0内相对活性在12%～96%之间,在pH=4.0时,相对活性最大;在25～65 ℃内,随着温度的升高,漆酶相对活性增大;在65～85 ℃内,随着温度增大,漆酶相对活性降低.HJ01菌株在25℃、50 r·min-1条件下,于液体培养基中培养96h后加入到25mL含100mg·L-1中性艳蓝GL的溶液中,在35℃、50 r·min-1、pH=4.0条件下继续培养100h后,中性艳蓝GL的脱色率达100%,培养至120h后,COD去除率达87.8%.紫外光谱分析表明,中性艳蓝GL的发色基团蒽醌环被漆酶打破.     

Effects of nonionic surfactant Triton X-100 on the laccase-catalyzed conversion of bisphenol A

The laccase-catalyzed conversion of bisphenol A (BPA) in aqueous solutions was studied in the absence and presence of nonionic surfactant Triton X-100. It was found that the addition of Triton X-100 into the reaction system increased the conversion of BPA, especially near the critical micelle concentration of Triton X-100. Also it was found that the stability of laccase was greatly improved in the presence of TritonX-100. Studies on the endogenous fluorescence emission of laccase indicated that there existed an interaction between Triton X-100 and laccase, which was beneficial to folding and stabilizating of laccase. The binding of Triton X-100 to the laccase surface also mitigated the inactivation e ect caused by the free radicals and polymerization products. Under otherwise identical conditions, a lower dosage of laccase was needed for the higher conversion of BPA in the presence of Triton X-100.     

灵芝TR6号漆酶的分离纯化及性质研究

采用硫酸铵盐析、DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow柱层析和Sephadex G100凝胶柱层析对灵芝TR6号漆酶发酵液进行分离纯化,得到电泳纯漆酶.SDS-PAGE电泳结果显示,该漆酶表观分子量为62×103.Native-PAGE鉴定该漆酶由一种同工酶组成,为单体酶.试验结果表明,该漆酶的最适反应温度为60℃,与ABTS的最适反应pH为4.5,Km为0.188 mmol/L,在pH 6.0～8.0之间较稳定.Fe2 、SDS和Tris对该漆酶活性具有抑制作用,EDTA和Tween80则对该漆酶活性具有促进作用.图8表2参10     

复配逆胶束体系中漆酶催化性能研究

在由鼠李糖脂和Tween-80构建而成的复配逆胶束媒介研究了漆酶的催化性能.采用紫外法考察了Tween-80摩尔含量、逆胶束含水量、水相酸碱度、水相盐度以及助表面活性剂种类等反应条件对漆酶催化性能的影响.研究结果表明,反应的最佳条件:Tween-80的摩尔含量为30%,体系含水量为20,缓冲溶液pH为4.5,KCI浓度为70mmol/L,助表面活性剂正己醇.并且在最佳条件下,漆酶在复配逆胶束体系中的酶活比在单相鼠李糖脂逆胶束中高1.44倍,比在水溶液中高4.35倍,研究结果表明复配表面活性剂在构建胶束酶学上具有很大的潜力.     

杂色云芝菌产漆酶条件优化及其对碱性紫5BN的降解

通过实验对杂色云芝菌产漆酶的发酵条件进行了优化,结果表明杂色云芝菌产漆酶的最佳发酵条件为:以质量浓度为15 g/L的羧甲基纤维素钠和质量浓度为1.25 g/L的葡萄糖作为复合碳源,以质量浓度为15 g/L的酵母膏作为氮源,在发酵72 h时加入浓度为2mmol/L的2,5-二甲基苯胺,发酵96 h时加入浓度为2 mmol...     

基因工程菌漆酶对蒽醌染料的脱色研究

利用基因工程菌甲醇毕赤酵母(PMAD16/pMETαA-Lcc1)培养产生的重组漆酶,研究了重组漆酶对蒽醌染料Remazol Brilliant Blue R脱色的影响。结果表明:重组漆酶对蒽醌染料RBBR脱色的最佳pH值为4.5,温度为45℃,当溶液中漆酶活力为10.0U/mL时,在最适脱色条件下作用14h,粗漆酶和纯化漆酶对蒽醌染料RBBR(80mg/L)的脱色率分别为95.2%和87.5%,重组漆酶可有效地使蒽醌染料RBBR脱色。     

Cloning, expression in Escherichia coli, and enzymatic properties of laccase from Aeromonas hydrophila WL-11

A strain WL-11 with high laccase activity was isolated from activated sludge collected from the effluent treatment plant of a textile and dyeing industry.It was identified as Aeromonas hydrophila by physiological test and 16S rDNA sequence analysis.A gene encoding of laccase from a newly isolated Aeromonas hydrophila WL-11 was cloned and characterized.Nucleotide sequence analysis showed an open reading frame of 1605 bp encoding a polypeptide comprised of 534 amino acids.The primary structure of the enzyme predicted the structural features characteristic of other laccases,including the conserved regions of four histidine-rich copper-binding sites.The predicted amino acid sequence showed a high homology(more than 60%) with bacterial laccases in the genome and protein databases and the highest degree of similarity(61% identity) was observed with the multicopper oxidase of Klebsiella sp.601.When expressed in Escherichia coli,the recombinant enzyme was overproduced in the cytoplasm as soluble and active form.The purified enzyme had an optimum pH of 2.6 and 8.0 for ABTS(2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazolinesulfonic acid) and DMP(2,6-dimethoxyphenol),respectively.The kinetic study on ABTS revealed a higher affinity of this enzyme to this substrate than DMP.     

处理秸秆纤维素乙醇废水的东北土著白腐真菌筛选及特性研究

为了提高秸秆纤维素乙醇废水的处理效果,选择6种东北土著白腐真菌,对2%的秸秆纤维素乙醇废水中木质素进行降解处理.采用正交试验法对筛选出的高效降解菌进行产漆酶培养基的优化.结果表明:6种白腐真菌最高酶活大小顺序为青顶拟多孔菌>血红密孔菌>糙皮侧耳菌>彩绒革盖菌>烟色烟管菌>灵芝;血红密孔菌、糙皮侧耳菌、彩绒革盖菌、青顶拟多孔菌、灵芝、烟色烟管菌在第0天起始质量浓度为640.9~716.6 mg/L,在第14天木质素的质量浓度分别为434.0、411.2、441.8、441.7、533.3、503.5 mg/L,对木质素的去除率分别为37.1%、37.0%、31.8%、31.7%、25.6%、21.4%,并分别在第12、12、4、4、2、6天木质素降解趋于平稳,表明降解效果最好的菌种为血红密孔菌.血红密孔菌产漆酶培养基最优组合方案:最佳碳源为锯末,质量浓度为35 g/L;最佳氮源为蛋白胨,质量浓度为4 g/L;最佳pH为5.极差分析表明,各因素对血红密孔菌产漆酶的影响顺序为碳源>氮源> pH >氮源质量浓度>碳源质量浓度.在最佳培养基条件下,废水中木质素降解率达41.1%.研究显示,血红密孔菌可以作为生物法处理秸秆纤维素乙醇废水的菌种资源,也可为今后的进一步应用研究提供科学依据.      

漆酶介体系统对蒽与苯酚共存体系的降解研究

以2,2-联氮-二(3-乙基-苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)二铵盐(ABTS)为介体,研究了漆酶/ABTS介体系统对蒽与苯酚共存体系的降解效果,并考察了不同苯酚浓度对共存体系中蒽降解效果的影响。同时,分析了漆酶/ABTS介体系统对共存体系的作用机理。结果表明,苯酚的引入会抑制蒽的去除,且随着苯酚浓度的增大,蒽降解被抑制地更明显,而蒽对苯酚的降解影响可以忽略不计;蒽体系和蒽与苯酚共存体系中蒽的氧化降解过程均符合一级动力学规律。