大渡河干海子滑坡稳定性研究

干海子滑坡位于大渡河流域,规模巨大.为研究该滑坡的稳定性,在对滑坡基本特征及变形破坏特征等深入研究的基础上,采用极限平衡法(Geo-slope软件)和有限差分法(FLAC-3D软件)对该滑坡的稳定性和应力应变特征进行了计算、模拟.稳定性计算模拟主要从深层、浅层及局部稳定三方面入手分析,计算模拟结果与滑坡的宏现地质现象均...     

西安咸阳国际机场污水排放口潜在滑坡稳定性分析

对西安咸阳国际机场污水排放口潜在滑坡的工程地质勘察结果表明,该滑坡处于极限平衡状态。采用B ish-op法参数反演和直快剪试验结果,分别用二维、三维极限平衡法和二维、三维有限元法,对该滑坡进行稳定性计算。结果表明:有限元法(二维、三维)的计算结果偏大,二维极限平衡法的计算结果最小;极限平衡法(二维、三维)与二维有限元法宜选取试验结果的大值平均值,三维有限元法则取试验结果的小值平均值较为合理。最后,根据三维有限元法的计算结果,提出了削坡压脚的防护措施。     

个旧贾沙乡滑坡成因及防治措施研究

贾沙滑坡属大型牵引式滑坡,处于蠕变阶段.滑坡体为第4系粉砂夹粘土层.研究其形成原因对滑坡防护与治理有重要的意义.从贾沙滑坡的成因角度出发,提出贾沙滑坡的防治措施应全面做好各种词查(勘察)工作,尽早防止,科学施工,尤其是产生滑坡的主要成因--水的防治措施必须尽快解决,以防止不必要的损失.     

AHP与GA-SVM耦合模型在滑坡预警中的应用*

为了减少滑坡造成的损失,提高滑坡预测的准确性,通过搭建灾害模拟平台获得滑坡的实验数据,在获得多组模拟实验数据后,分析各变量的特性。首先,通过层次分析(Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP)算法,对滑坡进行危险度划分;然后,通过支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)建立模型,遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm,GA)再优化SVM参数,提出1种层次分析法与GA-SVM相耦合的模型。研究结果表明:AHP方法划分后的数据,通过GA与SVM结合建立的模型精度较好,实验预测结果与实际结果较为吻合,与单一SVM相比,精度更高,结果更好,更加适用于多变量的复杂非线性滑坡预警。     

基于Access的海原特大地震黄土地震滑坡数据库的构建

自2016年以来,防灾科技学院对1920年海原特大地震形成的黄土地震滑坡开展了全面系统的野外调查工作,获取了数百个黄土地震滑坡的详细调查资料,为便于资料的管理和应用,建立了首个海原特大地震黄土地震滑坡数据库系统.主要从资料来源、access 2019软件系统的可行性、数据库的设计及建设4个方面详细介绍了海原特大地震黄土...     

汶川地震滑坡的分布特点及最大震中距分析

"5·12"汶川大地震诱发了大规模以滑坡、崩塌为主的地质灾害,这些震害地区改变了原有的地貌形态,形成多处堰塞湖,毁坏民房和道路,使之成为严重的次生滑坡灾害危险区域.以成都市的都江堰市、彭州市、崇州市、邛崃市、大邑县地震区为研究区,分析了滑坡分布与震区地质地貌条件和宏观烈度的统计关系.在确定宏观震中位置的基础上,采用最大地震滑坡震中距方法研究了不同规模滑坡的分布特点,并得到了线性分布的规律.     

滑坡泥石流的多源遥感提取方法

针对汶川地震灾区内滑坡泥石流多发的现象,分析了基于光学遥感数据和SAR数据的滑坡泥石流提取方法.光学遥感数据使用多期影像变化检测和灾后SAR数据使用特征提取的方法,可以分别有效地对滑坡泥石流信息进行提取.结果显示,文中使用的方法可为滑坡泥石流多源遥感监,测提供方法参考.     

特大黄土滑坡事故责任认定中的岩土力学问题

在滑坡影响因素研究的基础上,采用极限平衡和数值模拟的方法分析了西部某矿山特大黄土滑坡灾害的发生机理,认为此次滑坡是在断层和地下开采等不利条件下,由大气集中降水诱发黄土湿陷形成的推移式滑坡,与管线漏水形成的“过湿带”不构成直接因果关系,为事故责任认定,解决矛盾纠纷提供了理论依据。     

Impact of initial and boundary conditions on preferential flow

Preferential flow in soil is approached by a water-content wave, WCW, that proceeds downward from the ground surface. WCWs were obtained from sprinkler experiments with infiltration rates varying from 5 to 40 mm h^− 1. TDR-probes and tensiometers measured volumetric water contents θ(z,t) at seven depths, and capillary heads, h(z,t) at six depths in a column of an undisturbed soil. The wave is characterized by the velocity of the wetting front, c_W, the amplitude, w_S, and the final water content, θ. We tested with uni-variate and bi-variate linear regressions the impacts of initial volumetric water contents, θ_ini, and input rates, q_S, on c_W, w_S and θ.The test showed that θ_ini influenced θ and w_S and q_S effected c_W. The expected proportionality of w_S ≈ qs^1/3 was weak and c_W ≈ qs^2/3 was strong.     

Numerical simulation of hydrogen–air detonation for damage assessment in realistic accident scenarios

An accidental hydrogen release within an equipment enclosure may result in the presence of detonable mixture in a confined environment. From a safety standpoint, it is then useful to assess the potential for damage. In that context, numerical simulation of the sequence of events subsequent to detonative ignition provides a useful tool, although with obvious limitations. This article describes the procedure, summarizes two case studies, and reviews the limitations. First, a hydrogen dispersion pattern is obtained from numerical simulation of dispersion, using a commercial package designed primarily for incompressible flow. This dispersion cloud is then used as the initial condition in an inviscid, compressible, reactive flow simulation. To force detonative ignition, a sufficiently large amount of energy is deposited in a small region that corresponds to the ignition location. Chemistry is modeled using a single step Arrhenius model. Because the wave thickness is small compared with the computational domain, a fine mesh is needed, limiting the practicality of the process to two-dimensional geometries. This is the most significant limitation; it is conservative. The two cases described in the paper include an electrolyzer, in which a small release occurs, leading potentially to some damage to the enclosure, and a reformer, in which the consequences are potentially more serious.