外语教学中应注重中西文化差异

外语教学旨在提高学生的语言交际能力,而用之于交际的语言又是某种文化的反映.文化干扰是教学的难题之一.因而,大学英语教学中要注重培养学生的跨文化交际能力,认识中西文化差异,注重对文化知识的导入.     

如何写好科技论文英文摘要

简单介绍了要的基本概念，详细论述了写好科技论英要应注意的问题。包括英题名、作和单位、关键词，重点讨论了英要的撰写。对英要撰写时使用的时态、语态和人称进行了分析，对容易出错的冠词、数词、单复数、标点符号等问题进行了说明。     

跨文化交际能力的培养与外语教学

本文阐述了语言和文化之间的关系以及跨文化交际的含义,指出交际文化在外语教学中的重要性,强调在语言教学的同时要注意培养学生的文化意识,最后总结了几种提高学生跨文化交际能力的途径。     

浅议高中语文教学中的环境渗透教育

本文分析了高中语文教学中环境教育的特点，指出在高中语文教学中进行环境渗透教育的原则，并对教学方法进行了初步探讨。     

Why do honey bees dance?

The honey bee dance language, used to recruit nestmates to food sources, is regarded by many as one of the most intriguing communication systems in animals. What were the ecological circumstances that favoured its evolution? We examined this question by creating experimental phenotypes in which the location information of the dances was obscured. Surprisingly, in two temperate habitats, these colonies performed only insignificantly worse than colonies which were able to communicate normally. However, foraging efficiency was substantially impaired in an Asian tropical forest following this manipulation. This indicates that dance language communication about food source locations may be important in some habitats, but not in others. Combining published data and our own, we assessed the clustering of bee forage sites in a variety of habitats by evaluating the bees’ dances. We found that the indicated sites are more clustered in tropical than in temperate habitats. This supports the hypothesis that in the context of foraging, the dance language is an adaptation to the particular habitats in which the honey bees evolved. We discuss our findings in relation to spatial aggregation patterns of floral food in temperate and tropical habitats.     

基于不确定语言的飞机结冰防御系统能力评估

为解决飞机结冰防御系统能力评估中不确定因素较多导致结果不准确的问题,提出基于不确定语言的评估方法。在介绍区间数和语言评估标度的基础上,给出将语言评估标度转化为区间数的方法,并阐述不确定语言变量的定义及运算法则。建立飞机结冰防御系统能力评估指标体系,采用区间数特征向量法确定各指标的区间数权重,并利用区间集结(IA)算子和区间加权矢量和法实现指标的聚合。最后,分析某飞机结冰防御系统,以区间数评估其结冰防御能力。     

基于有限元法对亥姆霍兹线圈磁场的分析

为进一步明确亥姆霍兹线圈所产生磁场的近场特性,文中尝试采用基于有限元方法的ANSYS软件对亥姆霍兹线圈进行了分析,首先采用ANSYS软件对亥姆霍兹线圈进行三维实体有限元模型和仿真,并将结果与用MATLAB语言绘制磁感应强度的空间分布图进行比较.仿真结果说明ANSYS有限元模型优于MATLAB语言,并且通过实验验证了所建的三维亥姆霍兹线圈有限元模型的有效性和正确性.     

Growth of non-English-language literature on biodiversity conservation

English is widely recognized as the language of science, and English-language publications (ELPs) are rapidly increasing. It is often assumed that the number of non-ELPs is decreasing. This assumption contributes to the underuse of non-ELPs in conservation science, practice, and policy, especially at the international level. However, the number of conservation articles published in different languages is poorly documented. Using local and international search systems, we searched for scientific articles on biodiversity conservation published from 1980 to 2018 in English and 15 non-English languages. We compared the growth rate in publications across languages. In 12 of the 15 non-English languages, published conservation articles significantly increased every year over the past 39 years, at a rate similar to English-language articles. The other three languages showed contrasting results, depending on the search system. Since the 1990s, conservation science articles in most languages increased exponentially. The variation in the number of non-English-language articles identified among the search systems differed markedly (e.g., for simplified Chinese, 11,148 articles returned with local search system and 803 with Scopus). Google Scholar and local literature search systems returned the most articles for 11 and 4 non-English languages, respectively. However, the proportion of peer-reviewed conservation articles published in non-English languages was highest in Scopus, followed by Web of Science and local search systems, and lowest in Google Scholar. About 20% of the sampled non-English-language articles provided no title or abstract in English; thus, in theory, they were undiscoverable with English keywords. Possible reasons for this include language barriers and the need to disseminate research in countries where English is not widely spoken. Given the known biases in statistical methods and study characteristics between English- and non-English-language studies, non-English-language articles will continue to play an important role in improving the understanding of biodiversity and its conservation.     

Linguistic diversity and conservation opportunities at UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Africa

Africa contains much of Earth's biological and cultural–linguistic diversity, but conserving this diversity is enormously challenging amid widespread poverty, expanding development, social unrest, and rapidly growing human population. We examined UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) Natural World Heritage Sites (WHSs) on continental Africa and nearby islands—48 protected areas containing globally important natural or combined natural and cultural resources—to gauge the potential for enlisting Indigenous peoples in their conservation. We used geographic information system technology to identify instances where Natural WHSs co-occur with Indigenous languages, a key indicator of cultural diversity. And, we compared the geographic ranges for 4 taxa and selected freshwater species with occurrence of all Indigenous languages within Natural WHSs and subsections of WHSs covered by the geographic extent of Indigenous languages to measure the correlation between linguistic and biological diversity. Results indicated that 147 languages shared at least part of their geographic extent with Natural WHSs. Instances of co-occurrence where a WHS, a language, or both were endangered marked localities particularly deserving conservation attention. We examined co-occurrence of all languages and all species, all languages and endangered species, and endangered languages and endangered species and found a correlation between linguistic and biological diversity that may indicate fundamental links between these very different measures of diversity. Considering only endangered species or endangered languages and species reduced that correlation, although considerable co-occurrence persisted. Shared governance of government-designated reserves is applicable for natural WHSs because it capitalizes on the apparent connection between culture and nature. Natural WHSs in Africa containing speakers of Indigenous languages present opportunities to conserve both nature and culture in highly visible settings where maintaining natural systems may rely on functioning Indigenous cultural systems and vice versa.