新型内电解铁屑过滤塔在印染废水工业化规模处理中的应用

介绍了一种新型内电解铁屑过滤塔在印染废水工业化规模处理中的应用。在弱酸性条件下 ,该类型铁屑滤塔色度去除率高达 90 % ,废水可生化性提高 30 % ,运行一年半无板结和钝化现象。与后续的生化处理单元结合 ,出水稳定 ,实现达标排放。     

炼铁高炉净环水高pH碱性运行的阻垢缓蚀研究

以某炼铁高炉妆环水为对象，对循环冷却水高ＰＨ碱性运行阻垢缓蚀进行了研究，筛选出了一复合配方。工业应用试验结果表明，此配方对Ａ３钢的污垢附着速率，腐蚀速率和污垢热阻均低于国家规定的指标要求，说明该配方具有良好的阻垢缓蚀性能。     

Risk attitudes and mitigation among gold miners and others in the Suriname rainforest

This article analyses the question: do attitudes towards risk influence participation in small‐scale gold mining, a hazardous activity that generates uncertain income? This question is examined by measuring and comparing the risk attitudes of gold miners and non‐mining community members in the rainforest of Suriname, South America. The author presents a multivariate model to predict the duration of work in mining areas as a function of risk tolerance, age, education, and household demographics. The results suggest that a greater tolerance to risk increases the duration of a person's mining career. However, attitudes explain only a fraction of the variation in occupational choices. Qualitative data suggest that these choices are primarily shaped by local barriers to human capital development and by national economic volatility. Given their marginal position in society and the multitude of mining risk mitigation strategies, it is questionable whether gold mining exposes Suriname forest peoples to greater risks than other subsistence alternatives. The author argues that sensitivity to local historical and cultural conditions would improve the efficiency of policies aimed at developing a more sustainable mining industry. By zooming in on the daily lives of miners, anthropology can complement macro‐scale analyses and contribute to policy interventions in the small‐scale mining sector.     

利用WEBGIS实现地震灾害信息数据的管理

介绍了WEBGIS技术的特点、基本原理和实现方法，及其在管理海量地理数据中的优势，并构建了基于WEBGIS的地震灾害信息数据的主体框架。     

仪化热电厂提高循环水浓缩倍率的措施

针对仪化热电厂将循环水用作冲灰水，导致浓缩倍率只有1.6，以及凝汽器铜管腐蚀结垢严重等问题，提出了隔断循环水与冲灰水的直接联系，实现闲路循环，对凝汽器铜管进行酸洗，并对循环水实施加缓蚀阻垢荆、杀菌剂和旁流过滤等办法，全部实施后产生了很好的效益，值得借鉴。     

台风湍流积分尺度与脉动风速谱——基于实测数据的分析

基于4个台风过程中的长时间序列风速、风方向观测数据，分析研究了近地台风的湍流积分尺度和脉动风速谱等脉动特性。介绍了湍流积分尺度的几种常见的计算方法，基于实测台风数据，分析研究了台风过程中湍流积分尺度的变化以及不同计算方法的稳定性。根据实测数据计算了纵向脉动风速谱，并与Von-Karman谱、Davenport谱、Simiu谱和Harris谱等经验谱进行了比较，给出了最适合描述台风纵向脉动风速谱的经验谱。还计算了横向脉动风速功率谱，并与基于各向同性湍流理论推导出的水平横向脉动风速谱进行了对比。     

城市地区毒气扩散事故数值模拟

在城市人口密集区域，一旦发生重大危险气体泄露事故，周围居民将处境危险。由于城市特殊的街道街谷影响，用普通的方法难以精确计算出场的时空分布，大涡模拟（Large Eddy Simulation）虽然较为精确，但对计算机计算能力要求较高。针对于此，可以通过一些方法，例如贴体网格分析、卫星遥感技术，局部网格加密技术，改进大涡模型的计算条件，考虑泄漏事故一旦发生时，道路、房屋、气候对于气体扩散的影响，对事故的致灾机理从动力学的角度进行研究。在箅例中，通过分析城市地区庙会时的一起事故．模拟气体扩散浓度的时空分布，得出城市地区各个地区的不同受灾程度。通过算例我们看到，数值模拟能够为进一步安全规划、灾害预防、应急反应提供决策支持．     

大型基础设施项目生态环境影响评价

研究了我国大型基础设施建设项目的生态环境影响评价问题.通过对区域形态的分析以及我国生态环境评价现状的阐述,说明现阶段我国在大型基础设施建设项目的评价存在一定的不足;同时,给出了一种切实可行的评价方法,即先建立评价指标体系,而后建立模糊综合评判模型.     

EFFECTS OF WATERSHED REPRESENTATION ON RUNOFF AND SEDIMENT YIELD MODELING1

ABSTRACT: This paper evaluates the effects of watershed geometric representation (i.e., plane and channel representation) on runoff and sediment yield simulations in a semiarid rangeland watershed. A process based, spatially distributed runoff erosion model (KINEROS2) was used to explore four spatial representations of a 4.4 ha experimental watershed. The most complex representation included all 96 channel elements identifiable in the field. The least complex representation contained only five channel elements. It was concluded that oversimplified watershed representations greatly influence runoff and sediment yield simulations by inducing excessive infiltration on hillslopes and distorting runoff patterns and sediment fluxes. Runoff and sediment yield decrease systematically with decreasing complexity in watershed representation. However, less complex representations had less impact on runoff and sediment‐yield simulations for small rainfall events. This study concludes that the selection of the appropriate level of watershed representation can have important theoretical and practical implications on runoff and sediment yield modeling in semiarid environments.     

旅游灾害事件成灾模型的建立及解析

在我国旅游业蓬勃发展的今天,旅游灾害事件频发已引起了相关部门的高度重视和全社会的关注.根据灾害学原理和对旅游灾害事件成灾机制的研究,建立旅游灾害事件成灾模型,将在成功防范和减轻旅游灾害事件的损失方面发挥巨大作用.该模型主要就旅游灾害事件的基础条件、旅游灾害的诱发因素、旅游灾害的承灾体、旅游灾害损失类型、以及防灾减灾有效措施等方面的问题进行了分析和探讨.