平板陶瓷膜回收烟气水热的实验研究

将平板陶瓷膜组成膜组件对烟气水分和余热进行回收,考察了烟气的温度、相对湿度、流速和冷却水温度等参数对膜组件水热回收性能的影响。在实验工况下,水通量和水回收效率随着烟气温度、烟气相对湿度的增加和冷却水温度的降低而上升;水通量随着烟气流速的加快而上升,水回收效率随着烟气流速的加快先上升后降低;膜组件的水通量和水回收效率最高分别可达22.0 kg/(m²·h)和36.3%。平板陶瓷膜回收的热量主要来自烟气潜热,烟气潜热换热量与水通量呈正相关变化趋势。在实验工况下,平板陶瓷膜组件的总传热系数最高为412 W/(m²·℃),高于多通道管式陶瓷膜和单通道管式陶瓷膜。     

Differential treatment within sports teams,leader–member (coach–player) exchange quality,team atmosphere,and team performance

Using the leader–member exchange (LMX) theory as a theoretical framework, the present study focused on the occurrence of differential treatment by leaders on social and task‐related issues within teams. It was investigated whether team members' perceptions of the frequency and degree of social and task‐related differential treatment by the leader were associated with their evaluation of team atmosphere and team performance, in addition to the effects of the quality of their own working relationship with the leader (LMX quality). The context of this study consisted of interdependent sports teams. The participants were 605 players belonging to 69 amateur sports teams playing various team sports such as soccer, hockey, and basketball. Social differential treatment was negatively associated with team atmosphere and unrelated to team performance. In addition, it was found that the two forms of task‐related differential treatment included in this study were unrelated to team atmosphere and were differently associated with team performance. The results are discussed with reference to the existing leadership literature. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

高梯度磁分离技术在水处理中的应用及发展

高梯度磁分离技术是一种新型的水处理技术,目前已经得到了大量应用,具有广阔的应用前景。本文介绍了它的基本原理,综述了该技术在水处理中的应用现状,并做出了展望。     

树脂纳米零价铁催化过硫酸钠降解甲基橙的研究

采用树脂负载零价纳米铁（NZVI-resin）作为铁源,活化过硫酸钠,产生硫酸根自由基氧化降解偶氮染料甲基橙。考察了温度、NZVI-resin加入量、pH值及过硫酸钠的浓度等因素对甲基橙降解率的影响,并对其降解动力学规律作了初步探讨。结果表明：降解反应遵循准一级反应动力学,在pH=3.0、Fe0=0.2 g.L-1、Na2S2O8=1.33 g.L-1的条件下,30 mg.L-1的甲基橙溶液降解率为99.7%。     

土-气界面汞交换特征研究进展

本文综述了20多年来汞在土壤-大气界面间交换的研究现状,包括汞在大气和土壤中的存在形态、大气汞的干湿沉降、土壤汞释放及影响因素的研究,分析其存在的问题,并提出了未来的研究重点。     

The role of self‐regulation in the relationship between abusive supervision and job tension

Trait and state self‐regulation both have critical influences on workplace behavior, but their influences are thought to operate quite differently. We draw from social exchange and ego depletion theories to investigate the relationship between trait and state self‐regulation, as well as how they differentially affect the relationship between subordinates' perceptions of abusive supervision and job tension. Specifically, we examine (a) how the interaction between abusive supervision and trait self‐regulation affects job tension and (b) how state self‐regulation mediates the relationship between abusive supervision and job tension. Using 3 studies that include an experiment (n = 81) and 2 field studies with cross‐sectional (n = 157) and time‐separated (n = 109) data, we demonstrate that the interaction between abusive supervision and trait self‐regulation increases experienced job tension for subordinates who report higher levels of abusive supervision and trait self‐regulation than others. Also, we provide evidence that abusive supervision is indirectly associated with job tension through state self‐regulation. This study's findings have important implications for abusive supervision and self‐regulation research, as well as social exchange and ego depletion theories, because we extend our understanding of how trait and state self‐regulation affect cognitive responses associated with abusive supervision.     

巷壁与空气热湿交换规律数值模拟研究

为探讨矿井通风过程中巷壁与风流的热湿交换规律,更好地保证井下员工生命安全,运用Fluent求解器对热湿交换过程进行数值模拟。以正交试验设计为方法,选定影响巷壁与空气的热湿交换规律的10个因素进行正交试验。采用极差分析法和相关性分析法分析试验所得结果,探讨各因素对终点温度和终点相对湿度的影响。结果表明:对终点温度影响较大的3个因素依次为巷道壁温、巷道长度、进风温度,且都表现出正相关性。巷道壁面湿度对终点湿度影响最明显,成正相关,剩余各因素影响较小。最后对正交试验所得数据进行多元线性回归,得出拟合方程,将此用于风温和空气湿度预测。     

离子交换耦合膜分离技术回用电镀废水中Cr(Ⅵ)技术研究

为实现电镀废水中6价铬离子(Cr(Ⅵ))回用,将纳滤技术与离子交换技术耦合,建立了1 m3/h中试试验装置.含Cr(Ⅵ)废水经离子交换纤维吸附处理,出水Cr(Ⅵ)质量浓度≤0.08 mg/L,可达标排放;将离子交换纤维吸附饱和后再生,获得5 000 mg/L以上Cr(Ⅵ)浓缩液,同时含有Cl-.采用纳滤膜处理该浓缩液,将Cr(Ⅵ)与C1-分离.对比研究了运行压力和离子质量浓度对分离效果的影响,由此筛选较适宜膜产品.结果表明:进水Cr(Ⅵ)质量浓度为3 680 mg/L,Cl-质量浓度为16 049 mg/L,运行压力为0.7 MPa,Cr(Ⅵ)截留率为80％,Cl-完全透过;溶液pH=8和pH=11时纳滤膜对Cr(Ⅵ)、Cl-分离效果无显著差异;经过60d试验纳滤膜的脱盐性能无衰减.将离子交换与纳滤技术耦合,连续运行,能获得Cr(Ⅵ)质量浓度为3 200 mg/L、Cl-质量浓度为20 mg/L的浓缩液.研究表明,集成工艺整体可行,具有潜在应用价值.     

液态锂铅合金残渣中微量氚的回收

氚提取的系统设计中,如何严格限制氚损失和减小其辐射风险是非常重要的问题.利用同位素交换法对模拟液态锂铅合金残渣中的微量氚进行回收.研究结果表明,同位素交换法对液态锂铅合金残渣中的氚回收是有效的;交换载带气的最佳组成为He 0.1% D2.载带气相同时,交换温度和交换次数对渣中氚的回收率有显著影响.温度越高、交换次数越多,氚回收率越高;823 K时,经过6次交换后的氚回收率接近80%.此外,依据气体与液态金属接触的动力学数学模型,推导出了锂铅合金滞留氚量释放的数学近似表达式.     

重庆缙云山地区森林土壤酸化特征

通过在2010～2012年8月份对重庆缙云山4种典型林分土壤进行野外取样和室内分析,研究了酸沉降对研究地森林土壤酸化的影响,并从多角度深入分析了4种林分土壤在时间和空间上的酸化机理。结果表明：（1）在常年酸沉降的影响下,缙云山森林土壤酸化现象非常严重,pH值较低,表层土壤pH值为387~447,4种林分土壤pH值都随土层加深递增;（2）4种林分有机质含量相差较大,灌木林最高（377 g/kg）,毛竹林最低（1144 g/kg）,且随土层增加而降低,这主要是受枯落物类型和来源的影响;（3）由于长期酸雨淋溶作用,4种林分土壤CEC含量均较低为1276~1973 cmol/kg,表层含量最高,随土层加深递减;（4）4种林分Al3+含量均较高,阔叶林（4097 mmol/kg）>灌木林（3132 mmol/kg）>针阔混交林（3006 mmol/kg）>毛竹林（2615 mmol/kg）。Al3+含量与土壤pH值呈显著负相关关系