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This research seeks for improved understanding regarding the interaction of meaningful work and the work–family interface. Existing literature suggests that experiencing a sense of calling toward work makes the work domain particularly salient to employees compared to other life domains. In this article, we draw on this idea, rooted in identity theory, to hypothesize that a sense of calling toward work diminishes the effects of work–family conflict and work–family enrichment on employee's job and life satisfaction. We test these ideas in two studies. First, we surveyed an alumni sample of 598 employees from various jobs, industries, and job levels. Then, in a constructive replication, we surveyed 327 employees using a time-lagged design. Calling was found to significantly buffer the effect of work–family conflict on job satisfaction in Study 2, but not Study 1. Calling did not buffer the effect of conflict on life satisfaction in either study. However, both studies demonstrated that calling attenuated (substituted for) the effect of work–family enrichment on job satisfaction. Study 1 supported the idea that calling attenuates the effect of enrichment on life satisfaction; however, this interactive effect was reversed in Study 2, contrary to expectations. We discuss implications for theory and practice related to callings and career choices, as well as for the role of calling and work identity in the work–family interface. 相似文献
74.
In this work we present a method for risk-informed decision-making in the physical asset management context whereby risk evaluation and cost-benefit analysis are considered in a common framework. The methodology uses quantitative risk measures to prioritize projects based on a combination of risk tolerance criteria, cost-benefit analysis and uncertainty reduction metrics. There is a need in the risk and asset management literature for a unified framework through which quantitative risk can be evaluated against tolerability criteria and trade-off decisions can be made between risk treatment options. The methodology uses quantitative risk measures for loss of life, loss of production and loss of property. A risk matrix is used to classify risk as intolerable, As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP) or broadly tolerable. Risks in the intolerable and ALARP region require risk treatment, and risk treatment options are generated. Risk reduction benefit of the treatment options is quantified, and cost-benefit analysis is performed using discounted cashflow analysis. The Analytic Hierarchy Process is used to derive weights for prioritization criteria based on decision-maker preferences. The weights, along with prioritization criteria for risk reduction, tolerance criteria and project cost, are used to prioritize projects using the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution. The usefulness of the methodology for improved decision-making is illustrated using a numerical example. 相似文献
75.
伴随我国经济发展的进步,虽然农村的生活水平得到一定的改善,但是并没有根据实际情况将相关生态处理技术应用,导致农村污水处理的效率无法有效的提升,严重影响农村的发展。基于此,本文主要分析了农村生活污水处理的方式,以及污水处理不当对人们的危害与影响,并阐述了农村污水处理的主要对策与方案,笔者根据自身经验提出相应的建议与意见。 相似文献
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77.
Catchment-Wide Wetland Assessment and Prioritization Using the Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Method TOPSIS 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
It is widely accepted that wetland ecosystems are under threat worldwide. Many communities are now trying to establish wetland
rehabilitation programs, but are confounded by a lack of objective information on wetland condition or significance. In this
study, a multi-criteria decision-making method, TOPSIS (the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution),
was adapted to assist in the role of assessing wetland condition and rehabilitation priority in the Clarence River Catchment
(New South Wales, Australia). Using 13 GIS data layers that described wetland character, wetland protection, and wetland threats,
the wetlands were ranked in terms of condition. Through manipulation of the original model, the wetlands were prioritized
for rehabilitation. The method offered a screening tool for the managers in choosing potential candidate wetlands for rehabilitation
in a region. 相似文献
78.
以长江上游某大型水电站为案例,根据国际标准化组织碳足迹量化标准(ISO14067)评价流程,对该水电站全生命周期(建设阶段,运行维护阶段,退役阶段)碳足迹进行估算,并着重考虑了蓄水前后水库温室气体通量差异。研究以碳足迹系数和能源回收率作为指标进行评价,结果表明生命周期碳足迹为5 417.0万t CO_(2eq),碳足迹系数为7.0~13.1 g CO_(2eq)/kW·h,中位值为9.4 g CO_(2eq)/kW·h,该水电站项目能源回收率达236.4。与各种能源电站以及国内外同类型水电站相比较,该水电站碳足迹明显较低,且能源回收率显著较高,说明以该水电站为代表的我国西南水电具有显著的优质性,大力开发水电能有效节能减排,明确了生命周期评价方法对于水电站碳足迹评估的适用性。 相似文献
79.
Methods for integrated assessment 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
Integrated assessment is an approach that seeks to involve all disciplines in policy-relevant assessment. The process aims
to encompass environmental science, technology and policy problems. The aim is to establish an overview of the environmental
issue in question that attempts to avoid the mistakes of the past associated with narrow, one-sided or unidimensional approaches.
A number of methods are available for such assessments. However, they are also subject to a number of limitations, difficulties
and dilemmas. Integrated methods are inherently complicated and the tradition is that only experts are involved. New more
inclusionary procedures have to be devised in order to involve all stakeholders. They have to be involved in the framing of
the issue and in the value judgements associated with the approach. The dilemmas cannot be solved by integrated approaches,
but they can be mitigated via proper identification, analysis and evaluation of the gains and losses involved. In structuring
the analysis the existence of ignorance has to be accounted for and communicated to the managers and the political decision
makers. The ignorance/uncertainty aspects can be partially accommodated for via an intensification of feasible monitoring
and research so as to minimise the risks of unpleasant surprises.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
80.
Eva Haslauer Markus Biberacher Thomas Blaschke 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2016,59(5):866-890
General backcasting as a decision support and planning method starts from desired future states and simulates developments backwards until reaching the present state. Development pathways that reveal steps to be taken to reach a certain future state, and milestones that serve as interim goals, are created during the process. Backcasting has hitherto only been applied in workshops or as a theoretical framework and no spatially explicit backcasting model has previously been established. This paper presents the development of a spatially explicit backcasting model. The proposed model first creates a future scenario utilizing an agent-based model and then simulates backwards. It is implemented using the programming language Python. The model has been applied to a case study for sustainable land-use planning in Salzburg, Austria. The results of the model run show a successful backcasting of land-use classes from a future state back to the present, in 10 year time steps. 相似文献