O(1D)与CF3Cl的反应研究

研究ＣＦ₃Ｃｌ－Ｏ₃体系在２５３．７ｎｍ 紫外光照射下所引发的Ｏ（¹Ｄ）与ＣＦ₃Ｃｌ的反应．Ｏ（¹Ｄ）与ＣＦ₃Ｃｌ的反应最终产物为ＣＦ₂Ｏ、Ｆ₂、Ｃｌ₂,并讨论了Ｏ（¹Ｄ）与ＣＦ₃Ｃｌ的反应机理．研究表明,在本实验条件的２５３．７ｎｍ 紫外光作用下,ＣＦ₃Ｃｌ自身不发生解离,同时Ｏ（³Ｐ）不与ＣＦ₃Ｃｌ发生反应．此外外加气体（氮气、氧气）对Ｏ（¹Ｄ）与ＣＦ₃Ｃｌ的反应有较强的淬灭作用     

上转换发光剂掺杂纳米TiO2的制备及可见光降解乙基紫的研究

合成了一种新型含有稀土金属Er的上转换发光剂40CdF₂·60BaF₂·1.6Er₂O₃,此上转换发光剂在488 nm可见光的激发下,产生了5个波长均小于387 nm的上转换紫外光发射峰.采用超声波分散的方法制备出了上转换发光剂掺杂的纳米TiO₂可见光光催化剂.利用X-射线衍射(XRD)及透射电镜(TEM)对催化剂进行了表征.以乙基紫染料为研究对象,研究了在(三基色灯下发出的)可见光的照射下该可见光光催化剂的催化降解性能,并与未掺杂的纳米TiO₂粉末的催化性能进行了对比.结果表明,作为掺杂成分的上转换发光剂可有效地将可见光转化为紫外光并被纳米TiO₂粉末吸收利用,在可见光照射12.0 h后乙基紫降解率达到了99.68%,大大高于未掺杂纳米TiO2时的降解率.     

Photocatalytic degradation of phenol by visible light-responsive iron-doped TiO2 and spontaneous sedimentation of the TiO2 particles

Fe-doped TiO₂ was prepared by the calcination of Fe_xTiS₂ (x = 0, 0.002, 0.005, 0.008, 0.01) and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectra. All the Fe-doped TiO₂ were composed of an anatase crystal form and showed red shifts to a longer wavelength. The activity of the Fe-doped TiO₂ for the degradation of phenol was investigated by varying the iron content during UV (365 nm) and visible light (405 nm and 436 nm) irradiation. The degradation rate depended on the Fe content and the Fe-doped TiO₂ was responsive to the visible light as well as the elevated activity toward UV light. The molar ratio of 0.005 was the optimum for both the UV and visible light irradiations. The result was discussed on the basis of the balance of the excited electron–hole trap by the doped Fe³⁺ and their charge recombination on the doped Fe³⁺ level. The Fe-doped TiO₂ (x = 0.005) was more active than P25 TiO₂ under solar light irradiation. The suspended Fe-doped TiO₂ spontaneously precipitated once the stirring of the reaction mixture was terminated.     

利用侧光光纤优化生物反应器固定CO_2的研究

为了研究Chlorella sp.固定CO2的效果,降低能耗,采用自制生物光照反应器并选用侧光光纤作为光源。实验结果表明,在适宜条件下,通入浓度为10%CO2后,Chlorella sp.的生长明显加快。当选择红光和蓝光作为侧光光纤的光源交替运行,2 mm与3 mm光纤各28根耦合于16 W的光源发生器,较120 W LED外置光源而言,每瓦可提升6倍的生长速率。     

计算机图像处理技术在污水处理絮凝效果检测中的应用

采用图像处理技术,分析污水处理过程中投药量与絮凝图像的等效直径、分形维数和浓度特征参数之间的关系。考虑到投药自动控制的实际运行环境和实时性要求,采用Retinex算法解决光照不均现象,在图像处理主要环节上均采用小计算量算法。分析结果表明:在实际的自动控制中具有较好的实用性。     

Hepatotoxic and haematological effects of Nigerian Bonny light crude oil in male albino rats

The effect of Bonny light crude oil was assessed in adult albino rats. The rats were administered with 200, 400, and 800?mg/kg of the crude oil orally for 7 days. Fluid intake was measured daily, and the initial and final animal body weight recorded. Oral crude oil at these doses produced no effect on feed and fluid intake between the test groups and the control group. There was a significant decrease in body weight compared to the control group after 7 days of treatment with the different doses of crude oil.

The toxic effects of the liver and hematological effects were assessed. The packed cell volume (PCV) and total white blood cell (WBC) of the 200?mg/kg group were significantly decreased compared to the respective control values. Administration of 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg of Bonny light crude oil, caused a significant dose-dependent increase in glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) levels, but a significant decrease in the alkaline phosphatase (AP) level compared to the control. Histological examination indicates that crude oil induced severe pathologic changes in the forms of necrosis and oedema.     

Effects of UV-light on biochemical composition of silk gland of silkworm,Bombyx mori L. fed an artificial diet

The effects of UV-light on biochemical parameters of posterior silk gland of mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori L. were investigated in two popular bivoltine hybrids, Jufang (Chinese) × Chenxin (Japanese) and Chenxin × Jufang fed an artificial diet. Larvae of the first day of fifth instar were used for the present investigation. The larvae were irradiated with 20 W of UV-light at the intensity of 40 cm above the larvae for one of three exposure times (30, 60 or 120 min) just before feeding. UV treatment produced no significant effects at 30 min. However, at 60 or 120 min there was a significant decrease in silk gland weight and the levels of total protein, free amino acids, RNA and carbohydrates. UV-light thus affects the biosynthetic activities of silk glands.     

真空紫外光对含氧挥发性有机物的矿化效果

以醛类、醚类和酯类化合物作为目标污染物,考察了真空紫外光解法对含氧挥发性有机物（OVOCs）的矿化效果。实验结果表明,几种OVOCs在真空紫外光照射下都能达到90%以上的矿化率,且OVOCs的物质结构越简单,官能团的反应活性越强,越容易被矿化。直链结构比环状结构OVOCs的矿化效果更好,且分子链越短矿化速率越快;具有五元环结构的OVOCs比具有六元环结构的反应速率更快;官能团的键能越弱,反应活性越强,越容易被矿化。     

不同光环境下薇甘菊形态和生理可塑性及其响应研究

研究了华南地区外来入侵种薇甘菊Mikania micrantha H B Kunth不同光环境下形态和生理可塑性及其适应性响应。通过模拟开阔地段、林缘、大林窗、小林窗、林下等不同生境的的光照环境,并设计一个干扰实验,分析了薇甘菊的生长、碳同化以及生物量分配如何对光环境作出适应性响应。研究了当干扰发生时,薇甘菊如何对光环境的变化做出形态和生理可塑性响应。通过对其各项生物量分配及气体交换等指标的观测,在小林窗光照环境下薇甘菊生长缓慢生物量积累较少,但是如果一旦受到干扰,光照环境得到改善,薇甘菊将在很短的时间内通过适应性形态和生理可塑性响应,迅速体现出较强的入侵性。这也可能是入侵植物薇甘菊＂坐待对策（sit and wait strategy）＂的生动体现：如果外界环境不利,暂且先保持繁殖体（种子或者根茎）,一旦条件成熟（发生干扰条件得到改善或者遗传变异或者生态生理的积累）,就会迅速爆发。所以我们一方面,不用担心郁闭的森林会被薇甘菊入侵,但另一方面也要注意干扰会引起光照等环境条件的改变,使得原来潜伏于林下的薇甘菊繁殖体重新变得富有入侵性。