Potential environmental fate of elsinochrome A,a perylenequinone toxin produced in culture by bindweed biocontrol fungus Stagonospora convolvuli LA39

The photosensitizing perylenequinone toxin elsinochrome A (EA) is produced in culture by the bindweed biocontrol fungus Stagonospora convolvuli LA39 where it apparently plays a pathogenicity related role. We investigated the fate of EA with reference to its stability under different temperature and light conditions. EA remained stable when boiled in water at 100^∘C for 2 h. Similarly, exposing EA to 3–27^∘C in the dark for up to 16 weeks did not affect its stability either in dry or in aqueous form. However, results from irradiation experiments indicate that direct photolysis may be a significant degradation pathway for EA in the environment. EA either in dry form or dissolved in water was degraded by different irradiation wavelengths and intensities, with degradation plots fitting a first order rate kinetics. EA degraded faster if exposed in aqueous form, and at higher quantum flux density (μmol s⁻¹ m⁻²). Sunlight was more effective in degrading EA than artificial white light and ultraviolet radiations (UV-A or UV-B). Exposing EA to natural sunlight, particularly, during the intense sunshine (1,420– 1,640 μmol s⁻¹ m⁻²) days of 30 July to 5 August 2004 in Zurich caused the substance to degrade rapidly with half-life under such condition only 14 h. This implies that should EA gets into the environment, particularly on exposed environmental niches, such as on plant surfaces through biocontrol product spray, or released from shed diseased leaves, it may have no chance of accumulating to ‘level of concern’. Furthermore, a toxicity assay using Trichoderma atroviride P1 as biosensor showed that photo-degraded EA was not toxic, indicating that no stable toxic by-products were left.     

液柱喷射烟气脱硫技术工程

本文详细叙述了液柱喷射烟气脱硫技术的工艺原理、技术特点及主要性能指标,以及在典型工程中的应用情况。     

Rain-out investigation: Initial droplet size measurement

Droplet size distribution inside water flashing jets and corresponding rain-out fraction were measured. Mass distribution showed that a few droplets are ‘large’ (d>150 μm) and count for more than 85% of the liquid mass in the jet because of their large individual mass. This could be due to incomplete thermal fragmentation. It could explain the rain-out falling near the orifice or pipe exit.     

天然浓缩胶生产废水处理初探

本文以海南省一家大型农场橡胶加工厂为例,介绍了资源化治理天然浓缩胶生产废水处理工艺工程。     

油田液体静电的计算与预防

通过对油田产出液体储运过程中静电量的计算，说明静电积累对油罐的危害，并提出相应的预防措施。     

液体吸收法脱除烟气中二氧化硫的研究

对烟气中SO2有机吸收剂进行了筛选，研究出一种新型烟气脱硫吸收剂－二甲基亚砜加Mn^2 。与纯二甲基亚砜相比，添加Mn^2 对烟气脱硫效率有较大的影响。同时还进行了工艺条件试验，并对新型烟气脱硫吸收剂的吸收机理进行了探讨。     

造纸黑液处理技术的进展

对近年来造纸黑液处理技术，碱回收法中几种新的高效节能方法，如Ｃｈｅｍｅｒｅｃ法、ＭＴＣＩ法和常温苛化法作了介绍；对酸析法、等离子体法、液膜法、絮凝法和氧化法中一些新的进展作了综述；认为有些新方法具有较好的应用前景。     

硅酸盐熔体结构与岩浆液态不混溶作用

本文简述了硅酸盐熔体结构和岩浆液态不混溶作用的基本特征，计算了玄武岩中基质和液态不混溶共轭熔体对（富铁相和富硅相）的NBO／T值，发现三者具有不同的熔体结构（NBO／T值明显不同），据此总结出硅酸盐熔体结构与岩浆液态不混溶作用之间的内在联系。同时利用硅酸盐熔体结构解释了组分对岩浆液态不混溶作用的影响。     

硅酸盐熔/流共存体系中元素分配系数研究的几个问题

随着实验地球化学的快速发展,元素在熔/流体系中的分配行为引起研究者的广泛关注。自二十世纪70年代以来,研究者对元素在硅酸盐熔/流体系中的分配行为进行了大量研究,并取得了一些重要成果。本文对近30年来国内外在该领域的研究现状进行了归纳、总结,探讨了固相组成、金属元素本身的物理化学性质、流体组分中阴、阳离子对硅酸盐熔/流体系中元素分配行为的影响,并指出了当前研究中存在的主要问题,希望对今后的实验研究起到一定的借鉴作用。     

厌氧—酸析法处理造纸黑液

本文对厌氧-酸析法处理造纸黑液进行了研究。结果表明:COD去除率≥77％,BOD_5去除率≥80％,脱色率≥90％;产气率为0.342～0.539L/L.d,厌氧产泥为0.21～0.26gVss/g COD去除。