基于GIS的江苏省地震应急指挥系统

介绍了江苏省地震应急指挥系统的基本框架和主要功能。该系统采用VC + +和MapInfo公司的控件产品MapX作为主要开发工具 ,实现了地震应急自动触发、震害预估、辅助决策、地震宣传和相关查询服务等功能 ,是一个较实用的GIS应用系统     

某在建氟化工厂重大危险源辨识应急预案

介绍了江西某化工厂建设氟化工厂项目的生产工艺流程，指出了该工程中存在的危险源，对无水氟化氢及液氨等危险源进行了评定，提出了应急预案。     

中国自然灾害应急管理研究进展与对策

从中国自然灾害应急管理的现状出发,系统分析了自然灾害应急管理领域的研究进展,指出了中国自然灾害应急管理在理论和实践方面存在的问题.在此基础上,提出了中国自然灾害应急管理框架,认为建立适合中国国情的自然灾害应急管理体制是提高中国自然灾害应急管理的基础;应急预案的制定和实施是规范灾害应急管理,提高灾害紧急救援能力的关键措施;灾害信息快速准确的获取和评估是灾害应急管理的有效保障;建立实际可用的应急管理系统是提高灾害应急管理水平和工作效率的根本出路.     

地震应急指挥模式探讨

通过对地震应急指挥系统业务范畴、工作特点、所起作用及特定结构的较为系统的分析,确定了实现地震应急指挥功能的必备条件和实施地震应急指挥的各个关键环节.在总结了近几年地震应急工作经验的基础上,就有关地震应急指挥模式的问题进行了初步研究,认为目前我国地震应急指挥模式的核心是"提醒"功能,所有指挥事项均应围绕"提醒"进行深化与展开.     

塔里木河下游应急输水植被恢复现状与问题

对塔里木河应急输水进行了介绍,比较了应急输水前后主要断面植被恢复状况,分析了应急输水后植被恢复的特征与存在的问题,提出了巩固植被恢复效果、扩大植被恢复面积及有效保护植被的措施和建议。     

HYDROLOGICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL TRENDS AND PATTERNS IN THE UPPER RIO GRANDE, 1975 TO 19991

ABSTRACT: Hydrological and geochemical spatial patterns and temporal trends were analyzed using U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) water quality data collected from 1975 to 1999 along the uppermost 600 km of the Rio Grande in Colorado and New Mexico. Data on discharge, specific conductivity (SC), total dissolved solids (TDS), pH, Ca²⁺, Na⁺, Mg²⁺, K⁺, HCO₃^?, SO₄^2‐, Cl^?, F^?, and SiO₂ came from six USGS stations ranging from the Colorado‐New Mexico border to below Albuquerque, New Mexico. Linear regression, Kendall's S, and Seasonal Kendall's S’ were used to detect trends, and ANOVA was used to analyze spatial differences between stations. Statistically significant increasing trends occurred in SC, TDS, Ca²⁺, Na⁺, Mg²⁺, K⁺, Cl^?, and F^?in the uppermost reaches, and significant decreasing trends of SC, TDS, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, K⁺, HCO₃^?, and SO₄^2‐occurred at the lower stations around Albuquerque. Both fluoride concentrations and pH values increased at and below Albuquerque over the study period. Discharge data show an increasing trend across all stations. Spatially, data for dissolved substances show generally linear upstream to downstream increases in concentrations in the upper four stations, with several notable nonlinear increases at and below Albuquerque (SC, TDS, Na⁺, Cl^?). Significant increases in pH appear at and below Albuquerque, relative to upstream stations, probably due to improved sewage treatment.     

Model off-site emergency plan. Case study: toxic gas release from a fertilizer unit

An emergency plan is a formal written plan which, on the basis of identified potential accidents together with their consequences, describes how such accidents and their consequences should be handled either on-site or off-site. The primary objective of the off-site emergency plan for a hazardous installation is the prevention of accidents resulting in harm to human health, the environment or property. The prevention of accidents involving hazardous substances is the concern of many interested parties, including public authorities (district emergency authority, police, fire and medical services etc.) at all levels, industry and the community. This paper provides an overview of the release scenarios and affected areas, rescue and evacuation plans, communication and public information systems, roles and responsibilities of the district emergency authority, police, fire and medical authorities and their training, testing the plan/mock drill performance, review/observations, and finalization.     

Problems in local emergency management

Local governments (county and city) take the most active role in responding to natural and manmade disasters, yet very little is understood about the role of the emergency manager-the administrator who organizes and coordinates the emergency response of a community. This article describes the more common organizational niches that emergency managers are placed into, and it examines some of the political, institutional, and budgetary constraints that hinder the emergency manager's operations. Finally, it suggests strategies for solving these problems and identifies areas for further research.     

我国危化品应急响应系统存在问题及改进

危化品应急响应系统已经成为危化行业安全生产的重要环节。对国内外危化品应急响应系统进行了对比，得到我国的危化品应急响应系统存在比较显著的特点，并对于如何借鉴国外已有经验发展我国的危化品应急响应系统提出了建议。     

GIS在大型石化企业事故应急管理中的应用

在研究化工企业事故应急处理技术和地理信息系统的基础上,建立了事故应急管理系统。应用该系统进行风险管理,能方便、准确地表示、录入、检查及查询企业内各危险源的地理位置和属性信息;动态模拟各种燃烧、爆炸、泄漏事故发生、发展状况;给出相应的应急处理方案和人员疏散最佳路径。事故应急管理系统可为企业的安全生产、事故预防、事故应急救援的科学决策提供技术支持。