全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1174篇 |
免费 | 65篇 |
国内免费 | 112篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 125篇 |
废物处理 | 29篇 |
环保管理 | 363篇 |
综合类 | 263篇 |
基础理论 | 327篇 |
环境理论 | 1篇 |
污染及防治 | 100篇 |
评价与监测 | 62篇 |
社会与环境 | 55篇 |
灾害及防治 | 26篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 14篇 |
2022年 | 14篇 |
2021年 | 36篇 |
2020年 | 26篇 |
2019年 | 21篇 |
2018年 | 12篇 |
2017年 | 21篇 |
2016年 | 40篇 |
2015年 | 31篇 |
2014年 | 30篇 |
2013年 | 71篇 |
2012年 | 43篇 |
2011年 | 83篇 |
2010年 | 58篇 |
2009年 | 94篇 |
2008年 | 69篇 |
2007年 | 66篇 |
2006年 | 83篇 |
2005年 | 55篇 |
2004年 | 36篇 |
2003年 | 43篇 |
2002年 | 48篇 |
2001年 | 33篇 |
2000年 | 33篇 |
1999年 | 21篇 |
1998年 | 28篇 |
1997年 | 19篇 |
1996年 | 21篇 |
1995年 | 16篇 |
1994年 | 12篇 |
1993年 | 14篇 |
1991年 | 7篇 |
1990年 | 9篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 8篇 |
1987年 | 9篇 |
1986年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 12篇 |
1980年 | 8篇 |
1979年 | 14篇 |
1978年 | 7篇 |
1977年 | 9篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
1973年 | 6篇 |
1972年 | 8篇 |
1971年 | 6篇 |
1970年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有1351条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
31.
Julio L. Rivera Amrine Lallmahomed 《International Journal of Sustainable Engineering》2016,9(2):119-129
The aim of this paper was to explore the implications of planned obsolescence (PO) and the associated product lifetime on the environmental impact of products. To achieve this task, a literature review was performed to assess both the historical context and recent situation of planned obsolescence. A search in scholarly journals was performed to evaluate to what extent product lifetime and PO have been discussed in the recent literature. Based on the findings, selected cases of PO are discussed and trends in the practice of limiting product lifetime are identified. Factors considered to have a significant influence on product lifetime have been identified and discussed. The discussion of case studies made it possible to establish the links between product design, manufacturing and associated impacts of lifetime. The role of the actors along the value chain is also considered to propose a business scheme, where the influences of consumer behaviour and design choices are crucial. Finally, strategies to facilitate the definition of different scenarios are given. These strategies may serve to increase the reliability of environmental assessment throughout a product life cycle. 相似文献
32.
Impacts of Changes in Precipitation Amount and Distribution on Water Resources Studied Using a Model Rainwater Harvesting System
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Behzad Asadieh Nir Y. Krakauer 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2016,52(6):1450-1471
Water supply reliability is expected to be affected by both precipitation amount and distribution changes under recent and future climate change. We compare historical (1951‐2010) changes in annual‐mean and annual‐maximum daily precipitation in the global set of station observations from Global Historical Climatology Network and climate models from the Inter‐Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISI‐MIP), and develop the study to 2011‐2099 for model projections under high radiative forcing scenario (RCP8.5). We develop a simple rainwater harvesting system (RWHS) model and drive it with observational and modeled precipitation. We study the changes in mean and maximum precipitation along with changes in the reliability of the model RWHS as tools to assess the impact of changes in precipitation amount and distribution on reliability of precipitation‐fed water supplies. Results show faster increase in observed maximum precipitation (10.14% per K global warming) than mean precipitation (7.64% per K), and increased reliability of the model RWHS driven by observed precipitation by an average of 0.2% per decade. The ISI‐MIP models show even faster increase in maximum precipitation compared to mean precipitation. However, they imply decreases in mean reliability, for an average 0.15% per decade. Compared to observations, climate models underestimate the increasing trends in mean and maximum precipitation and show the opposite direction of change in reliability of a model water supply system. 相似文献
33.
Irrigation Water Allocation Using an Inexact Two‐Stage Quadratic Programming with Fuzzy Input under Climate Change
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Mo Li Ping Guo Vijay P. Singh Jie Zhao 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2016,52(3):667-684
Agricultural irrigation accounts for nearly 70% of the total water use around the world. Uncertainties and climate change together exacerbate the complexity of optimal allocation of water resources for irrigation. An interval‐fuzzy two‐stage stochastic quadratic programming model is developed for determining the plans for water allocation for irrigation with maximum benefits. The model is shown to be applicable when inputs are expressed as discrete, fuzzy or random. In order to reflect the effect of marginal utility on benefit and cost, the model can also deal with nonlinearities in the objective function. Results from applying the model to a case study in the middle reaches of the Heihe River basin, China, show schemes for water allocation for irrigation of different crops in every month of the crop growth period under various flow levels are effective for achieving high economic benefits. Different climate change scenarios are used to analyze the impact of changing water requirement and water availability on irrigation water allocation. The proposed model can aid the decision maker in formulating desired irrigation water management policies in the wake of uncertainties and changing environment. 相似文献
34.
Poulomi Ganguli Auroop R. Ganguly 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2016,52(1):138-167
We examine the robustness of a suite of regional climate models (RCMs) in simulating meteorological droughts and associated metrics in present‐day climate (1971‐2003) over the conterminous United States (U.S.). The RCMs that are part of North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program (NARCCAP) simulations are compared with multiple observations over the climatologically homogeneous regions of the U.S. The seasonal precipitation, climatology, drought attributes, and trends have been assessed. The reanalysis‐based multi‐model median RCM reasonably simulates observed statistical attributes of drought and the regional detail due to topographic forcing. However, models fail to simulate significant drying trend over the Southwest and West. Further, reanalysis‐based NARCCAP runs underestimate the observed drought frequency overall, with the exception of the Southwest; whereas they underestimate persistence in the drought‐affected areas over the Southwest and West‐North Central regions. However, global climate model‐driven NARCCAP ensembles tend to overestimate regional drought frequencies. Models exhibit considerable uncertainties while reproducing meteorological drought statistics, as evidenced by a general lack of agreement in the Hurst exponent, which in turn controls drought persistence. Water resources managers need to be aware of the limitations of current climate models, while regional climate modelers may want to fine‐tune their parameters to address impact‐relevant metrics. 相似文献
35.
36.
37.
Determining a remeasurement frequency of variables over time is required in monitoring environmental systems. This article
demonstrates methods based on regression modeling and spatio-temporal variability to determine the time interval to remeasure
the ground and vegetation cover factor on permanent plots for monitoring a soil erosion system. The spatio-temporal variability
methods include use of historical data to predict semivariograms, modeling average temporal variability, and temporal interpolation
by two-step kriging. The results show that for the cover factor, the relative errors of the prediction increase with an increased
length of time interval between remeasurements when using the regression and semivariogram models. Given precision or accuracy
requirements, appropriate time intervals can be determined. However, the remeasurement frequency also varies depending on
the prediction interval time. As an alternative method, the range parameter of a semivariogram model can be used to quantify
average temporal variability that approximates the maximum time interval between remeasurements. This method is simpler than
regression and semivariogram modeling, but it requires a long-term dataset based on permanent plots. In addition, the temporal
interpolation by two-step kriging is also used to determine the time interval. This method is applicable when remeasurements
in time are not sufficient. If spatial and temporal remeasurements are sufficient, it can be expanded and applied to design
spatial and temporal sampling simultaneously. 相似文献
38.
39.
NH3-N在大连湾的水环境行为模拟研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
应用三维水质模型对大连湾中的主要污染物NH3-N的行为进行了模拟,对NH3-N浓度的时空变化规律以及其影响因素进行了研究,选择主要的模型参数进行了灵敏度分析。由空间分布的模拟结果可知,在大连湾,NH3-N浓度主要集中在排污口附近区域,灵敏度分析显示,在排污口区水体的扩散能力对NH3-N浓度的影响较大。由季节变化模拟结果可知,在湾顶部的排污口区NH3-N浓度显示明显的季节变化趋势。在湾中部和朝海边界的湾口区NH3-N浓度较低,变化平缓。模拟结果可以为大连湾的污染控制、水质规划和管理提供科学依据。 相似文献
40.