浅论危险废物和医疗废物处置项目环评工作中应注意的问题--以阿克苏地区危险废物处理项目为例

危险废物和医疗废物安全处置一直是人们关注的一个问题,以新疆阿克苏地区危险废物和医疗废物处置项目的环评为例,分析讨论了环评工作中应注意的问题,以有效减小废物处置过程中的环境风险,为实现危险废物和医疗废物的无害化集中处置做了有益的探索.     

Greening of a campus restaurant at Stockholm University: sustainable development audits by means of the SDR methodology

The aim of this paper is to show how the environmental practices of a restaurant may be evaluated in a quantitative way. For this, a new methodology, sustainable development records (SDR), was used. This allows financial, environmental and social aspects of an operation to be handled in a systematic way. The results of the two sustainable development audits show that the restaurant washes more dishes per unit of chemicals used in 1994 than in 1991. However, there is a negative trend regarding the number of meals served per unit of water used and waste generated, which suggests that the restaurant in 1994 is more wasteful with these resources than in 1991. On the other hand, this might be explained by the fact that the restaurant has increased its use of primary products. The environmental ratios are increasing for both chemicals and energy, which means that more and more of the resources used are environmentally acceptable. The lowest environmental ratios are those for provisions (<2%) and transportation (<5%), which means that not more than 2% of the provisions and 5% of the transportation are environmentally acceptable in the long run. The restaurant's ratio of satisfied customers as well as its environmental image is improving, while the profitability has not changed. The results of this paper point to a general problem of environmental auditing in regard to the evaluation of perceived positive or negative developments of an individual enterprise, since there might be an opposite implication for the larger system. It is therefore crucial to look at several hierarchical levels in order to be able to assess the effects of environmental measures.     

论推进循环经济发展的"两个替代"

循环经济的终极目标。是以尽可能少的资源消耗创造尽可能高的社会福利。因此，我们应该以减物质化为首要原则，依靠人的发展，来实现经济增长和社会生活对自然资源的依赖程度下降。探讨了如何通过“两个替代”．即以服务流替代物质流，以人力资本替代自然资本．来改变原先那种过度消耗自然资源的经济生活方式。推进循环经济的发展。最后．对应“两个替代”的路径选择，提出了制度重构设想：①使价格体系正确反映资源稀缺程度和真实成本；②使市场主体为资源消耗和生态环境负责；③建立社会资谭投向机制。     

操作、维修合二为一的设备管理新模式探讨

介绍了韶钢第二轧钢厂推行以作业长制为基础 ,实施“操维合一”全员设备管理新模式的必要性和认识 ,阐述了该模式对设备隐患消除的意义 ,总结了实施“操维合一”的具体作法和步骤 ,收到了明显的效果     

A Functional Land Management conceptual framework under soil drainage and land use scenarios

Agricultural soils offer multiple soil functions, which contribute to a range of ecosystem services, and the demand for the primary production function is expected to increase with a growing world population. Other key functions on agricultural land have been identified as water purification, carbon sequestration, habitat biodiversity and nutrient cycling, which all need to be considered for sustainable intensification. All soils perform all functions simultaneously, but the variation in the capacity of soils to supply these functions is reviewed in terms of defined land use types (arable, bio-energy, broadleaf forest, coniferous forest, managed grassland, other grassland and Natura 2000) and extended to include the influence of soil drainage characteristics (well, moderately/imperfect, poor and peat). This latter consideration is particularly important in the European Atlantic pedo-climatic zone; the spatial scale of this review. This review develops a conceptual framework on the multi-functional capacity of soils, termed Functional Land Management, to facilitate the effective design and assessment of agri-environmental policies. A final functional soil matrix is presented as an approach to show the consequential changes to the capacity of the five soil functions associated with land use change on soils with contrasting drainage characteristics. Where policy prioritises the enhancement of particular functions, the matrix indicates the potential trade-offs for individual functions or the overall impact on the multi-functional capacity of soil. The conceptual framework is also applied by land use area in a case study, using the Republic of Ireland as an example, to show how the principle of multi-functional land use planning can be readily implemented.     

面向客户的特种设备数据服务平台研发与应用

特种设备数据服务平台是基于B／S结构开发的信息管理系统,能面向客户并实现监察机构、检验机构、使用机构三方数据联动,把客户特种设备管理、收费系统、网上报检、历年检验报告查询、检验进度查询、委托业务管理、用户点对点资料传输等实现一站式服务。项目的应用为监察机构、检验机构和企业实现数据资源高效管理,简化业务办理流程,加强企业对特种设备管理的力度提供技术支持。     

Implementation of a medical command and control team in Switzerland

In case of a major incident or disaster, the advance medical rescue command needs to manage several essential tasks simultaneously. These include the rapid deployment of ambulance, police, fire and evacuation services, and their coordinated activity, as well as triage and emergency medical care on site. The structure of such a medical rescue command is crucial for the successful outcome of medical evacuation at major incidents. However, little data has been published on the nature and structure of the command itself. This study presents a flexible approach to command structure, with two command heads: one emergency physician and one experienced paramedic. This approach is especially suitable for Switzerland, whose federal system allows for different structures in each canton. This article examines the development of these structures and their efficiency, adaptability and limitations with respect to major incident response in the French‐speaking part of the country.     

农村合作经济组织发展的制度分析

农村合作经济组织是将农民组织起来进入市场、参与竞争的桥梁和纽带,是新时期推动农村经济发展和提高农民收入的重要因素之一。在制度层面运用新制度经济学理论从实现土地规模经营、节约市场交易费用和维护农民利益等三方面分析了合作组织发育的需求诱致性动因;接着从制度环境状况、现有社会科学知识的积累、现存的制度安排、组织的制度变迁成本、非正式制度安排等外部制度供给方面以及产权和组织制度等组织内部制度方面分析了其存在的缺陷;最后提出了推动合作组织发展的政策建议：其一,只要是以“三农”服务为宗旨,政府在政策上都应允许和指导合作组织灵活地创新产权制度、因地制宜地进行多种形式的组织创新;其二,政府要力所能及地为合作组织提供一些制度服务。     

新一代实效性远程安全培训公共服务体系研究

本研究采用重点调查、对比分析的方法。对面授培训方法和传统远程培训技术进行了剖析,指出了他们存在的缺陷和问题,并提出了新一代远程培训核心技术应用方案。该方案顺应了当前安全培训工作中所面临的全覆盖、长效性、经常性、系统性、反复性、低成本、实效性等要求,解决了资源紧缺、形式主义、监管不易等主要问题。本方案经南通等部分地区试点推行,效果显著。     

卫生、医疗服务业的环境因素与控制

当今社会,伴随着卫生、医疗服务业的迅猛发展,医疗废物、废水的增长速度十分惊人,由于其具有直接或间接的感染性、毒性、全空间污染、急性传染和潜伏性传染等特征,它们对环境可能造成的危害正愈来愈被人们所关注。从该行业存在的典型环境因素人手,对典型环境因素可能造成的环境影响及危害进行了分析,并提出了相应的控制方法。