Shewanella oneidensis MR-1对针铁矿的还原与汞的生物甲基化

在实验室模拟条件下,研究了铁还原菌奥奈达希瓦氏菌Shewanella oneidensis MR-1对针铁矿的异化还原及其对汞生物甲基化的影响.结果表明,S.oneidensis MR-1能溶解针铁矿,并能将溶解出的Fe3+还原成Fe2+;S.oneidensis MR-1也是一种汞甲基化细菌,能够将无机汞转化成甲基汞.铁的溶解还原作用随着初始针铁矿剂量的大幅增加而减弱,针铁矿的异化还原在一定程度内促进汞的生物甲基化.弱酸性条件比中碱性和强酸条件有利于汞的甲基化;腐殖酸在低浓度促进汞甲基化,浓度过高则会抑制汞的甲基化.     

Economic analysis of atmospheric mercury emission control for coal-fired power plants in China

Coal combustion and mercury pollution are closely linked, and this relationship is particularly relevant in China, the world's largest coal consumer. This paper begins with a summary of recent China-specific studies on mercury removal by air pollution control technologies and then provides an economic analysis of mercury abatement from these emission control technologies at coal-fired power plants in China. This includes a cost-effectiveness analysis at the enterprise and sector level in China using 2010 as a baseline and projecting out to 2020 and 2030. Of the control technologies evaluated, the most cost-effective is a fabric filter installed upstream of the wet flue gas desulfurization system (FF + WFGD). Halogen injection (HI) is also a cost-effective mercury-specific control strategy, although it has not yet reached commercial maturity. The sector-level analysis shows that 193 tons of mercury was removed in 2010 in China's coal-fired power sector, with annualized mercury emission control costs of 2.7 billion Chinese Yuan. Under a projected 2030 Emission Control (EC) scenario with stringent mercury limits compared to Business As Usual (BAU) scenario, the increase of selective catalytic reduction systems (SCR) and the use of HI could contribute to 39 tons of mercury removal at a cost of 3.8 billion CNY. The economic analysis presented in this paper offers insights on air pollution control technologies and practices for enhancing atmospheric mercury control that can aid decision-making in policy design and private-sector investments.     

干法烟气脱硫副产物中汞的形态分布

通过分析干法烟气脱硫副产物中不同形态汞的含量,研究干法脱硫灰中汞的环境稳定性. 利用逐级化学提取法,分析了锅炉底灰、锅炉飞灰、脱硫塔底灰和除尘器灰中水溶态、酸溶态、过氧化氢溶态及王水溶残渣态汞的含量,研究了不同形态汞含量的变化规律. 结果表明,锅炉底灰、锅炉飞灰、脱硫塔底灰和除尘器灰中w（总汞）分别为0.23,0.36,0.46和1.22 mg/kg,且随着脱硫除尘时间的延长w（总汞）呈增加的趋势,其中,以氯化物、硝酸盐和硫酸盐存在的水溶态汞变化明显,除尘器灰中w（水溶态汞）高达0.72 mg/kg. 分析认为,干法烟气脱硫灰吸附的大部分汞蒸气转化为可溶性的氯化物、硝酸盐和硫酸盐等,另外还有少量汞以单质状态存在.      

废水中除汞菌株洋葱假单胞菌抗汞质粒的分析

目前我国汞消费量日益增大且污染日益严重,汞污染已影响到我国居民的健康,含汞污染物一旦排放到环境中,造成的环境污染就会以食物链形式放大,危协人类的健康.利用微生物对含汞废水清除是一条适合我国国情的生物治理途径.通过研究发现环境中的某屿微生物能利用自身的基因表达出一种汞还原酶及汞裂解酶,将环境污水中的汞离子还原成金属汞,降...     

湘江株潭长段江水(枯水期）和沉积物中汞的分布和形态

湘江株潭长段江水中(枯水期)的总汞含量为(1.881 ±1.854)μg·L-1,以颗粒态汞为主.总汞和溶解态汞最大值都出现在霞湾,霞湾-湘潭段衰减快,此后缓慢衰减一直到洞庭湖.沉积物中总汞平均含量为0.846 mg·kg-1,处于高的污染水平,沉积物总汞的最大值也出现在霞湾,达到3.268 mg·kg-1.远远超过国...     

Biosorption of mercury by Macrocystis pyrifera and Undaria pinnatifida: Influence of zinc, cadmium and nickel

The article investigated the adsorption of Hg(II) on Macrocystis pyrifera and Undaria pinnatifida in monometallic system and in the presence of Zn(II), Cd(II) and Ni(II).     

Mercury removals by existing pollutants control devices of four coal-fired power plants in China

The mercury removals by existing pollution control devices in four coal-fired power plants of China were carried out based on a measurement method with the aluminum matrix sorbent.     

多元金属定向修饰的改性生物焦微观特性及单质汞脱除性能研究

针对通过热解直接获得的生物焦汞吸附效率较低的问题,将常规化学沉淀法、溶胶凝胶法、多元金属多层负载与生物质热解制焦过程进行整合,在选择特定组分进行结构设计的基础上,获得了经济高效的掺杂多元金属铁基改性生物焦烟气脱汞剂,为最终实现以废脱毒提供关键参数与理论依据.在获得改性生物焦Hg0脱除特性的基础上,针对生物质基础特性...     

污灌区盐分累积对污染土壤汞释放通量的影响

采用优化设计的动态通量箱,对不同盐分（NaCl和Na₂SO₄）和盐度（0~5%）的盐渍化土壤土-气界面的汞交换通量进行动态监测,研究盐渍化对污灌区土壤汞和大气释放的影响.结果表明：（1）两种盐分类型对土壤Hg释放的影响呈相反趋势.与未发生盐渍化的对照土壤相比,随着NaCl盐度梯度的上升,土壤Hg释放通量呈现上升趋势,5%盐度处理下,Hg通量均值与对照相比提高了48.94%;而随着Na₂SO₄盐度梯度的上升,土壤Hg释放通量呈现下降趋势,5%盐度处理下,Hg通量均值与对照相比降低了20.62%.（2）土壤盐分含量与土壤汞释放通量均值之间呈线性关系.对于NaCl,含量x（g/kg）与汞通量y [ng/（m²·h）]之间的模型为y=0.8258x+86.709（R²=0.9734）,对于Na₂SO₄,模型为y=-0.3354x+85.997（R²=0.9581）.从研究结果来看,高浓度的NaCl环境对土壤汞释放通量有显著影响,土壤的盐渍化趋势会使汞释放及作物吸收风险更趋严重.     

怀4井气汞固体潮观测中的两个关键环节

本文在数字化地下流体化学组分的观测中,认为热水井的脱气和脱气后的气体干燥是两个关键环节。我们在怀4井的气汞观测中,经过多次试验改进较好地解决了这两个环节。2004年以来,观测资料稳定,并清晰地记录到了固体潮形态。