铁路提速列车技术安全监测系统评价方法研究

铁路安全保障系统是一个复杂系统 ,应具有线路维修、区域安全运行、日常和临时限速命令的控制、车站地面设备与机车上司机的信息传达、列车运行调车监督等功能。铁路提速列车的安全技术监督系统既要兼顾既有系统的技术、设备 ,又要按照列车提速的技术要求进行标准化、计量化、质量等方面信息和功能设计 ,因此 ,笔者给出一种根据实时动态跟踪数据对提速列车的设备进行评价和预警分析属性评价方法。通过快速数据采集处理系统获取列车安全的重要参数 ;构造每个参数等级标准属性函数 ,计算出多参数综合属性 ,给出运行系统安全状态属性识别的综合评价结果 ,并以机车安全属性为例进行说明。     

油田特种作业人员的安全管理

调查分析了胜利采油厂特种作业人员培训持证工作现状,查找了管理中存在的问题,结合实际提出加强特种作业人员安全管理的建议。     

人机操作界面中有或无外部反应对后继作业的干扰作用

实验结果提示：在高速复杂人机系统操作界面的优化设计中,有或无外部反应都不能消除对后继作业的瓶颈干扰。但是,有外部反应比无外部反应,对后继作业的瓶颈干扰更大;无外部反应降低了瓶颈的干扰强度,从而显示出提高了被交叠作业绩效的趋向。另外,降低反应选择复杂度可有效提高被交叠作业的绩效     

THE VALUE OF STREAMFLOW FORECASTING IN RESERVOIR OPERATION1

ABSTRACT: The value of streamflow forecasts in reservoir operation depends on a number of factors and may vary considerably. Assessment of forecast benefits is presented here for three specific systems. Statistical streamflow models of increasing forecasting ability are coupled with a recently developed stochastic control method in extensive simulation experiments. The performance of the system is statisticafly evaluated with regard to energy generation and flood and drought prevention. The results indicate that forecast benefits are system specific and may range from quite substantial to fairly minimal.     

A SEPARABLE LINEAR ALGORITHM FOR HYDROPOWER OPTIMIZATION1

ABSTRACT: A deterministic, separable, linear algorithm is presented for maximizing aggregate hydropower production. The method is iterative and amenable to solution using standard LP software. The utility of the technique is demonstrated using several test applications involving a hypothetical single-purpose hydropower reservoir and a monthly increment 20-year flow record from the Gunpowder River in Maryland. The separable linearized forms solved quickly using MPSX on a variety of IBM hardware: 3090-400 VF, 3084 QX, dual processor 4381-3, and an AT/370 personal computer. For comparison purposes, the original nonlinear nonseparable version of the model was also solved using MINOS. This yielded a value of aggregate hydropower marginally higher than that using MPSX. The separable, linearized methodology proved to be a useful and an efficient means of generating good starting points for MINOS. The use of these warm starts effected substantial reductions in MINOS execution times.     

以人为本 开拓创新 不断提高海淀区的地震应急能力

近一两年来，海淀区地震办公室树立科学的发展观，勇于创新，敢为人先，以《海淀区破坏性地震应急预案》为中心，围绕落实《海淀区破坏性地震应急预案》的物质载体，开展了一系列地震应急工作。在建设《海淀区地震信息应急指挥中心》、开展应急避险场所建设、成立防灾减灾志愿者队伍、开展灾情速报网建设等方面进行了有益的探索，并取得了一定的成效。     

Lessons in logistics from Somalia

By February 1981 the refugee relief operation in Somalia was close to breakdown. The Governor of Somalia and the United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR) contracted the agency CARE to manage the logistics of the operation. By August 1981 over 99 % of food received at Mogadishu was reaching the camps. Here we describe this apparent success, and attempt to diagnose the contributing factors. Chief among these are dynamic leadership, 'systems' management, adaptability of personnel, the use of professional Indian food monitors in the camps, and the support given by the Government. The chief qualification on the success of the operation has been the continued dependency on expatriate expertise.
General conclusions are offered relating to the management of logistics in relief operations. The most important conclusion is that there is a prime need for logistics to be centralized in a single organization at the start of major emergencies. We point to the current inadequacy in an international relief system which fails to ensure this, and suggest that a new or existing part of the United Nations family be given a 'brief for in-country logistics' to become a UN Emergency Logistics Office.     

机车司机行车安全监控系统应用研究

分析铁路行车安全监控系统的复杂性和现状;设计分局机车司机行车安全监控系统和数据流向;研制车载的机车司机工作状态实时监督系统;采用视频监控、图像处理技术以及人脸识别技术对机车司机工作状态进行识别并实时报警。经过实验证明:对司机长时间离开座位、睡眠和呆木状态有较高的识别率;同时对司机工作状态的图像信号进行压缩储存;管理人员可以回放检查。采用CDMA技术设计了地面对机车司机工作状态的视频监控子系统,可以把司机的工作状态图像及时传送到车站或调度中心。实际线路实验表明,该系统可以大大提高司机工作的安全性。     

开展新的安全监察模式探讨

安全稽查的运作突破常规的安全检查方式,本文介绍开展安全稽查工作的运做情况,通过安全稽查实时反映出施工的具体实际情况,取得了直接的、第一手资料,纠正施工人员侥幸心理,有效控制习惯性违章的行为,促使其落实好各项安全措施,减少事故隐患,杜绝事故发生.     

顺丁烯二酸酐生产的环境友好技术

以正丁烷选择性氧化制顺丁烯二酸酐为例，按照氧化还原进行的烃类选择性氧化反应，采用将催化循环的不同步骤在空间或时间上分离的操作方法，可大幅度地提高反应的选择性，实现环境友好生产。重点介绍了循环流化床、人为非定固定床和膜反应器这3种新反应技术在顺丁烯二酸酐生产中的应用。