UNITANK工艺在城镇污水处理厂的应用

广东省某城镇污水处理厂采用UNITANK新工艺,在项目的运行中,根据具体情况采取了较为有效的应对措施,克服了该工艺应用于大型污水处理厂的不足,运行效果良好,出水水质稳定,达到国家一级B排放标准。     

火电厂环保设施运行状态及性能评价技术研究

介绍了火电厂环保设施运行状态及性能评价技术的创新性研究,包括研究方法、评价方法、评价技术及实际应用情况。该研究是继火电厂工程减排、结构减排后的重要管理技术创新,为进一步促进火电厂环保设施安全、稳定、可靠、经济运行,确保达标排放,推进火电行业管理减排和技术监督提供了技术支持。     

利益主体视角下的西部新农合制度运行困境分析

实现新农合制度设计的初衷目标、提升制度的惠农政策效果,是亟待解决的重大现实问题.为探寻制度实施效果与设计预期目标的偏差,科学厘清出影响西部新农合惠农政策效果的主要因素,本文基于西部10省区17县(区)的780份农户调研数据及相关统计数据,从医(医疗服务机构)、患(参合农民)、保(医疗保障机构)、管(政府)四方利益主体的视角,对西部新农合制度运行中的困境进行剖析.研究结果表明,既有的新农合制度运行框架模式,会陷入医疗服务机构行为扭曲与服务供给可及性差并存、医疗保障机构经办能力不足与保障效果欠佳并存、政府市场化导向与公共服务职能缺失并存、农民参合意愿强烈与被动参合并存的运行困境.三方强势主导形成的主体间利益失衡,必然影响到新农合的持续运行发展.因此,在新农合制度由试点普及向规范持续运行转轨的关键时期,必须以激励约束机制为突破,构建利益相关主体的协同联动改革机制,有效调动运行主体的积极性,实现新农合制度的持续运行.     

COMPARISON OF RESERVOIR LINEAR OPERATION RULES USING LINEAR AND DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING1

ABSTRACT: Mathematical optimization techniques are used to study the operation and design of a single, multi-purpose reservoir system. Optimal monthly release policies are derived for Hoover Reservoir, located in Central Ohio, using chance-constrained linear programming and dynamic programming-regression methodologies. Important characteristics of the former approach are derived, discussed, and graphically illustrated using Hoover Reservoir as a case example. Simulation procedures are used to examine and compare the overall performance of the optimal monthly reservoir release policies derived under the two approaches. Results indicate that, for the mean detention time and the corresponding safe yield target water supply release under existing design of Hoover Reservoir, the dynamic programming policies produce lower average annual losses (as defined by a two-sided quadratic loss function) while achieving at least as high reliability levels when compared to policies derived under the chance-constrained linear programming method. In making this comparison, the reservoir release policies, although not identical, are assumed to be linear. This restricted form of the release policy is necessary to make the chance-constrained programming method mathematically tractable.     

REAL-TIME SNOW SIMULATION MODEL FOR THE MONONGAHELA RIVER BASIN1

ABSTRACT: The Pittsburgh District, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, is responsible for operating two multipurpose reservoirs in the 7384 square mile (19198 square kilometer) Monongahela Basin. A third reservoir, presently under construction, will soon be operating. The real-time forecasting of runoff for operational purposes requires simulation of snow accumulation and snowmelt throughout the Basin during the winter season. This article describes capabilities of SNOSIM, a model being developed for performing such simulation. The application of this model as part of a comprehensive system of water control software, and some initial simulation results are presented.     

VARIABILITY IN THERMAL STRATIFICATION IN A RESERVOIR1

ABSTRACT: The thermal stratification characteristics of a flow-augmentation reservoir, Round Valley Reservoir, New Jersey, and attendant driving conditions were documented and analyzed for portions of three years. Substantial differences in the thermal stratification regime of the reservoir occurred in response to the documented changes in meteorological, operating, and light penetration conditions. The features of stratification that were affected included: the depth of the upper mixed layer, the average temperature of the epilimnion, the temperature gradient in the metalimnion, and the average temperature in the hypolimnion.     

MODELS FOR WATER AND POWER SCHEDULING FOR THE CALIFORNIA STATE WATER PROJECT1

ABSTRACT: A large-scale simulation/optimization model provides schedules for operation of water and power for the California State Water Project (SWP). The SWP consists of a series of reservoirs linked by rivers, pumping plants, canals, tunnels, and generating plants and is operated by the California Department of Water Resources. The Department provides water to municipal and agricultural users, and manages its electrical loads and resources. The model, therefore, performs hydraulic and electrical computations leading to optimal operation of the entire system. It consists of hydraulic network programming components to meet the storage objectives at all the reservoirs, a linear programming component to determine the schedules at pumping and generating plants, an electrical network programming component to balance electrical loads and resources, and a number of other simulation components. It operates on yearly, weekly, and daily bases. It is primarily used for real-time operation of the SWP and can provide hourly detail schedules which are implemented by the SWP staff via a computerized system.     

DERIVING THE NONLINEAR RISK-BENEFIT ALGORITHM FOR RESERVOIRS1

ABSTRACT: The Nonlinear Risk-Benefit (NRB) Algorithm includes risk as one of the objectives in a multiple-objective optimization problem. The NRB Algorithm is derived by extending the Surrogate Worth Trade-Off method to quadratic programming. This category of problem is common in water resources planning and design, especially multipurpose reservoir systems. Consequently, an example is given using the algorithm for optimally operating a multipurpose reservoir.     

降低布袋除尘器阻力与节能问题的探讨

根据多年来多事布袋除尘器的管理工作和现场调试经验，提出了除尘系统节能运行的思想和方法。并对布袋除尘系统的节能运行进行了认真的分析，特别是对降低除尘器阻力后如何进行节能调节问题进行了深入的探讨。     

谈森林防火中的计划火烧

计划火烧是预防森林火灾的一种有效手段,成本低,效果显著。本文详细阐述了计划火烧的意义和作用、计划火烧前的准备工作,并提出了计划火烧的注意事项及实际操作要领。