现代生物技术在废水处理中的应用进展

介绍了现代生物技术及其在废水处理中的应用和发展 ,讨论了现代生物技术和环境工程技术相结合的环境生物技术的应用及其发展趋势     

环境分析化学

阐述了环境分析化学在环境保护中的重要性、研究领域、基本任务和今后的发展趋势.     

Seismic vulnerability assessment of water supply network in Tianjin,China

The water supply network （WSN） system is a critical element of civil infrastructure systems. Its complexity of operation and high number of components mean that all parts of the system cannot be simply assessed. Earthquakes are the most serious natural hazard to a WSN, and seismic risk assessment is essential to identify its vulnerability to different stages of damage and ensure the system safety. In this paper, using a WSN located in the airport area of Tianjin in northern China as a case study, a quantitative vulnerability assessment method was used to assess the damage that the water supply pipelines would suffer in an earthquake, and the finite element software ABAQUS and fuzzy mathematic theory were adopted to construct the assessment method. ABAQUS was applied to simulate the seismic damage to pipe segments and components of the WSN. Membership functions based on fuzzy theory were established to calculate the membership of the components in the system. However, to consider the vulnerability of the whole system, fuzzy cluster analysis was used to distinguish the importance of pipe segments and components. Finally, the vulnerability was quantified by these functions. The proposed methodology aims to assess the performance of WSNs based on pipe vulnerabilities that are simulated and calculated by the model and the mathematical method based on data of damage. In this study, a whole seismic vulnerability assessment method for a WSN was built, and these analyses are expected to provide necessary information for a mitigation plan in an earthquake disaster.     

中国大气降水δ~(18)O区域特征及其对古气候研究的意义

系统地收集和分析IAEA/WMO数据库GNIP/ISOHIS与文献报道的中国及周边大气降水和石笋的δ18O等数据,发现大气降水δ18O值和降水量效应在大尺度上均与前人研究结果相似,但在小尺度上具有显著的区域性特征:以塔里木盆地、鄂尔多斯盆地和潢川-合肥盆地等为中心的区域大气降水δ18O值明显高于其它地区,而以拉萨和川-滇-黔为中心的区域明显低于其它地区;在川-滇-黔三省交界地区和湖南中东部分别出现了强和弱降水量效应。大气降水出现δ18O较高值或降低值的主要原因可能与当地蒸发和季风等因子控制的水汽来源特征有关;而降水量效应的区域性特征可能与水汽来源结构变化密切相关。对区域上的大气降水和石笋δ18O进行比较分析表明,以单一水汽来源为主的地区,石笋δ18O值能较好地反映太阳辐射强度或季风强度;两种水汽来源强度相当的地区,石笋δ18O值反映的是两种水汽来源的综合信息;在太阳辐射强度变化对不同水汽影响差异性明确之前很难直接解析为太阳辐射或季风强度信息。     

Environmental monitoring and fuzzy synthetic evaluation of municipal solid waste transfer stations in Beijing in 2001 - 2006

Transfer station(TS)is an integral part of present-day municipal solid waste(MSW)management systems.To provide information for the incorporation of waste facilities within the current integrated waste management system,the authors measured the existing environmental quality at five MSW TSs.Discharged wastewater,air,and noise were monitored and assayed at the five TSs in Beijing in 2001-2006 during rainy seasons(RSs)and dry seasons(DSs).Except Ammonia(NH_3)and hydrogen sulfide(H_2S),the analytical results...     

基于不同目标的大型生活垃圾堆肥处理工艺的优选

以北京市南宫堆肥厂为例,利用模糊数学和层次分析法对10种堆肥处理工艺进行了比较研究.结果表明,以腐熟度指标为单目标的最优堆肥工艺:以0~80mm生活垃圾为堆肥原料,高温发酵8d,在第4d时翻堆破碎1次,后熟化12d最终熟化12d;以经济指标为单目标的最优堆肥工艺:以0~80mm生活垃圾为堆肥原料,高温发酵8d,后熟化12d,最终熟化12d;以腐熟度指标和经济指标为双目标的最优堆肥工艺:采用0~80mm生活垃圾为物料,高温发酵8d其中翻堆破碎1次,后熟化12d,最终熟化12d.     

现代测绘技术在解决矿区资源与环境问题中的应用探讨

以“３Ｓ”技术及其集成为代表的现代测绘技术在解决我国矿区存在的资源浪费及环境污染问题中具有重要的应用价值,本文对此进行了全面的探讨。     

模糊数学法在给水管网水质评价中的应用

针对水质评价中存在的评价结果难于量化的问题,利用模糊数学的基本原理,建立了针对给水管网监测水质的模糊评价模型。利用该评价法对某市部分给水管网的监测水质进行了评价。评价结果表明,综合模糊数学评价法具有评价准确性好、操作简单的优点。     

城市空气质量的模糊综合评价——以乌鲁木齐市为例

摘要：运用模糊数学方法,以SO2、NO2、PM10为评价因子,通过计算污染因子权重值和隶属度对乌鲁木齐市2007年度大气环境质量进行了综合评价。结果表明,乌鲁木齐市的空气质量符合国家大气环境质量三级标准。应用模糊综合评判法对该市的空气质量进行评价,使其评价结果更接近客观实际。     

啤酒废水生物治理工艺的综合评价

在深入探索、研究我国啤酒废水的各种处理工艺和技术的基础上 ,对 5种常见的具代表性、相对较为成熟的生物处理工艺进行了分析和比较 ;并用模糊数学的方法进行综合评价和废水治理工艺设施筛选 ,提出评价因素集和制定评价标准集及权重集的具体方法 ,通过实例的具体计算 ,取的较为满意的结果