Collaborative Science, Policy Development and Program Implementation in the Transboundary Georgia Basin/Puget Sound Ecosystem

The transboundary Georgia Basin Puget Sound ecosystem is situated in the southwest corner of British Columbia and northwest comer of Washington State. While bountiful and beautiful, this international region is facing significant threats to its marine and freshwater resources, air quality, habitats and species. These environmental challenges are compounded by rapid population growth and attendant uiban sprawl. As ecosystem stresses amplified and partnerships formed around possible solutions, it became increasingly clear that the shared sustainability challenges in the Georgia Basin and Puget Sound required shared solutions. Federal, state and provincial institutional arrangements were made between jurisdictions, which formalized small scale interest in transboundary management of this ecosystem. Formal agreements, however, can only do so much to further management of an ecosystem that spans international boarders. A transboundary regional research meeting, the 2003 GB/PS Research Conference, opened the doors for large-scale informal cross-boarder cooperation and management. In addition to cooperation, continued efforts to stem toxic pollution, contain urban growth, and protect and restore ecosystems, require a commitment from scientists, educators and policy makers to better integrate research and science with decision-making.Former Director of Planning and of Special Projects in the British Columbia Ministry of Municipal Affairs.     

重庆风景名胜区旅游公路滑坡灾害及景观治理方案选择

从滑坡治理结构景观出发,分析重庆风景名胜区旅游公路滑坡灾害成因,针对国家级风景名胜区金佛山西坡旅游公路K9+900滑坡,提出三种滑坡景观治理方案。建立方案优选模型,通过模糊优选理论和熵权决策法联合应用,得到最优治理方案,本联合方法对其他评价工作也有一定的借鉴意义。     

Approach of technical decision-making by element flow analysis and Monte-Carlo simulation of municipal solid waste stream

This paper deals with the procedure and methodology which can be used to select the optimal treatment and disposal technology of municipal solid waste （MSW）, and to provide practical and effective technical support to policy-making, on the basis of study on solid waste management status and development trend in China and abroad. Focusing on various treatment and disposal technologies and processes of MSW, this study established a Monte-Carlo mathematical model of cost minimization for MSW handling subjected to environmental constraints. A new method of element stream （such as C, H, O, N, S） analysis in combination with economic stream analysis of MSW was developed. By following the streams of different treatment processes consisting of various techniques from generation, separation, transfer, transport, treatment, recycling and disposal of the wastes, the element constitution as well as its economic distribution in terms of possibility functions was identified. Every technique step was evaluated economically. The Mont-Carlo method was then conducted for model calibration. Sensitivity analysis was also carried out to identify the most sensitive factors. Model calibration indicated that landfill with power generation of landfill gas was economically the optimal technology at the present stage under the condition of more than 58% of C, H, O, N, S going to landfill. Whether or not to generate electricity was the most sensitive factor. If landfilling cost increases, MSW separation treatment was recommended by screening first followed with incinerating partially and composting partially with residue landfilling. The possibility of incineration model selection as the optimal technology was affected by the city scale. For big cities and metropolitans with large MSW generation, possibility for constructing large-scale incineration facilities increases, whereas, for middle and small cities, the effectiveness of incinerating waste decreases.     

农村土地整理决策信息系统的构建

为从更高的宏观管理层次对农用地进行规划利用,给管理决策者提供一种客观科学的决策工具,以适应土地整理工作的未来发展.通过对国内外土地整理成功经验的总结分析,依据研究区现状及未来规划,借鉴已有的土地整理模式,结合GIS技术,建立了农村土地整理决策信息系统,并应用于具体区域.     

基于前景理论突发水污染事件个体行为研究

前景理论(Prospect Theory,PT)能很好地描述个体在不确定条件下的行为决策模式和风险偏好。分析表明,利用前景理论研究突发水污染事件中的个体行为决策具有一定的适用性和可行性,因此,建立了突发水污染事件个体行为决策框架。以典型的镇江市水源苯酚污染事故为例,运用突发水污染事件个体行为决策框架,描述了突发水污染事件中的个体行为特征,研究了突发水污染事件中的个体主要决策偏差及其产生的主要原因,并对突发水污染事件中的个体决策偏差下的行为及行为表现进行了分析,提出了个体突发水污染事件应对模式。     

论环境管理会计

如何利用环境财务会计信息为企业内部管理层进行经营决策、投资决策服务是环境管理会计的研究内容。目前,国内有关环境管理会计的研究还很欠缺。从环境成本的核算与管理,环境投资决策分析及环境业绩评价3方面对环境管理会计的核心内容进行了探讨。     

老龄海底油气管道弃置决策研究

针对我国老龄海底油气管道在弃置决策上缺少理论依据的问题,建立老龄海底油气管道弃置决策模型的结构流程,基于多属性效用理论,从4个维度进行分析,选取影响老龄海底管道安全寿命的工程因素、结构因素、风险因素和影响决策的成本因素,构建属性树;运用模糊理论建立模糊互补判断矩阵,综合专家意见计算各属性权重,并进行影响因素敏感性分析;确定老龄海底管道弃置决策评分准则,对属性树各因素取值进行量化,引入成本效益率量化成本因素;采用逻辑运算计算综合得分,根据综合得分进行弃置决策。工程实例应用表明:相比于传统决策方法仅凭设计寿命作为弃置依据,老龄海底管道弃置决策模型不仅避免了单一性,还能反应服役环境对管道的影响,有利于提高管道服役过程的经济性和安全性。     

钢铁噪声管理信息系统在噪声控制中的应用

为了将钢铁噪声管理信息系统应用到噪声控制中,从噪声控制工作的现场测试、控制方案的选定、降噪效果的鉴定和评价等阶段分析钢铁噪声管理信息系统在噪声治理工作中的应用,并给出应用实例。使用表明:钢铁噪声管理信息系统在噪声控制工作中具有指导作用。钢铁噪声管理信息系统是辅助钢铁企业噪声治理工作的有力工具。