沥青路面铺设VOCs排放特征及风险评估

为探究沥青路面铺设VOCs的排放特征、气味效应及毒性作用,分别对沥青路面不同铺设阶段排放的VOCs进行监测.结果显示,沥青路面铺设排放的VOCs组成以烷烃?烯烃和芳香烃为主,检出的65种VOCs浓度范围为46.69～2179μg/m3,按照铺路流程依次降低,为路面摊铺>路面压实>路面冷却>路面常温服役,其特征VOCs为...     

炭素厂生产车间除尘系统设计

通过炭素厂车间除尘工程实例,阐述了在沥青熔化、粉碎、混捏、压型、焙烧工序采用快速沥青熔化技术、分散安装集气罩与集中袋式除尘系统一体化、焙烧炉多管静电除尘系统相结合的污染物控制设计方案。结果表明:该工程能使车间作业场所的所有污染物均达到排放标准。为小型炭素厂防尘除尘工作探索了一条切实可行的途径。     

透水路面-生物滞留池组合道路的城市面源污染控制效果评估

不同低影响开发(LID)技术组合对于控制城市面源污染具有重要应用价值,但是其对城市面源污染形成过程(污染物累积-冲刷-输送)的影响及污染负荷削减效果的评估鲜见报道.本研究以深圳市国际低碳城为例,分析了6场降雨事件下透水路面-生物滞留池组合对城市面源晴天污染物累积量、降雨径流冲刷量、不同LID设施的削减量、溢流的负荷量的影响.结果表明,研究区地表颗粒物平均累积量为(15.80±3.79)g·m~(-2),粒径250μm的颗粒物质量占比约为65.14%;6场不同强度降雨对地表颗粒物的平均冲刷率为17.15%,粒径105μm的颗粒物冲刷率为62.71%~74.94%;降雨冲刷地表径流污染物SS、TN、TP的平均污染负荷分别为2.02、0.025、0.001 3 g·m~(-2);透水路面下渗、过滤作用对污染物SS、TN、TP的去除率分别为70.26%、46.29%、19.27%;生物滞留池对径流二次净化去除率分别为85.25%、20.22%、70.27%;入河径流污染物SS、TN、TP的平均污染负荷分别为0.08、0.011、0.000 3 g·m~(-2),是地表冲刷污染负荷的4.05%、43.47%、24.39%.透水路面-生物滞留池组合应用对道路径流中污染物的净化效果显著.通过定量化表征透水路面-生物滞留池组合应用道路的城市面源污染形成过程,以期为城市面源污染形成过程的污染负荷估算及LID工程绩效评估提供科学依据,为LID在国内的推广应用和海绵城市设计提供参考.     

透水混凝土铺装各层对径流污染物的削减试验研究

通过使用人工模拟降雨装置和路面装置,试验研究了径流污染物在透水混凝土路面各结构层的去除情况。结果表明,透水混凝土面层和多孔隙水泥稳定基层对污染物的去除率分别为30%~50%、15%~30%,而级配碎石基层对污染物的去除率不足10%。据分析主要原因为透水混凝土面层和多孔隙水泥稳定基层为多孔介质,并含有水泥,由于水泥自身特性,污染物通过截留过滤、物理和化学吸附以及生物作用被去除。通过阐明各结构层除污的情况为透水混凝土的应用提供了理论依据。     

杭州市庆春路整治后交通噪声降噪效果研究

本文对杭州市庆春路整治前后各点位的交通噪声进行了监测。结果表明，整治后各点位的交通噪声等效声级比整治前降低了0．9—8．3dB。长度加权等效声级计算结果表明，整治前长度加权等效声级为71．6dB，属于交通噪声轻度污染水平；而整治后长度加权等效声级为68．6dB，比整治前降低了2．9dB，属于交通噪声较好水平，说明采用疏水沥青路面整治后明显降低了交通噪声。     

Asphalt fractions in airborne particles from highway traffic and the accumulation in plants

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全固废无水泥钢渣重载路面混凝土的研究及工程应用

在完全不使用硅酸盐水泥的条件下,系统研究了以碱溶液激发钢渣、矿渣细粉、粉煤灰等工业废渣粉制备胶凝材料,钢渣为粗细骨料全部代替传统天然砂石,配置路面混凝土。配置出28d抗压强度达44MPa,抗折强度达8.3MPa同时具有良好工作性能的钢渣路面混凝土。进行重载路面工程试验的效果良好。     

含氟化物及沥青的烟尘治理

铝厂排出的含有氟、氟化物、沥青的烟气及粉尘、使植物、家畜受到危害,引起氟中毒。应用沥青混凝聚装置和静电回收净化技术,既能净化有害烟气又能回收有价值的工业原料。     

A laboratory study on CO2 emission from asphalt binder and its reduction with the use of warm mix asphalt

Oxidation of hydrocarbon in asphalt binder leads to the production of carbon dioxide (CO₂) during the production of hot mix asphalt. The objective of this laboratory study was to investigate the effects of the asphalt additive Sasobit^®, asphalt content and mixing/placement temperature on CO₂ emissions from binder with laboratory measurements. The isolated effects of Sasobit on asphalt absorption into the aggregate were also looked at. Temperature was found to be the only statistically significant factor on emissions. This would suggest that warm mix asphalt technology, which employs the use of Sasobit in asphalt mixtures, is a very effective way of lowering the industry's CO₂ emission impact, both directly and by the use of less energy for heating. This work predicts that greater than 30% reduction of CO₂ emissions is possible with typically used levels of Sasobit.     

Renewable biomass-derived lignin in transportation infrastructure strengthening applications

Lignin is considered as nature's most abundant aromatic polymer co-generated during papermaking and biomass fractionation. There are different types of lignins depending on the source (hardwood, softwood, annual crops, etc.) and recovery process. Recently, an emerging class of lignin products, namely sulphur-free lignins, from biomass conversion processes, solvent pulping and soda pulping, have generated interesting new applications owing to their versatility. As the renewable energy industry is expanding into developing the next generation of biofuels based on cellulosic biomass (e.g. corn stover, forest products waste, switch grass), abundant supply of sulphur-free lignin will become available as co-products for which value-added engineering applications are being sought. This paper discusses the potential for utilising lignin-containing biofuel co-products for stabilisation of geo-foundation beneath road pavements. Laboratory test results indicate that the biofuel co-products were effective in stabilising the Iowa class 10 soil (CL or A-6(8) soil classification). Utilisation of cellulosic biomass-derived lignin in transportation infrastructure strengthening applications appears to be one of the many viable answers to the profitability of the bio-based products and the bioenergy business from the perspectives of sustainable infrastructure systems.