水解-好氧工艺处理稠油污水

在此介绍了国内某油田采用生物膜水解酸化-生物膜接触氧化工艺处理稠油污水,并实现了3000 m3/d稠油(油密度ρ=0.86~0.97 g/L)污水达标外排的工程实例。装置运行一年来的结果表明,该工艺具有抗冲击能力强,污泥产生量少,处理效果稳定等优点,出水水质达到国家二级污水排放标准(GB8978-96),大部分水质指标达到国家一级污水排放标准。     

Herbicide promotes the conjugative transfer of multi-resistance genes by facilitating cellular contact and plasmid transfer

The global dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs), especially via plasmidmediated horizontal transfer, is becoming a pervasive health threat. While our previous study found that herbicides can accelerate the horizontal gene transfer(HGT) of ARGs in soil bacteria, the underlying mechanisms by which herbicides promote the HGT of ARGs across and within bacterial genera are still unclear. Here, the underlying mechanism associated with herbicide-promoted HGT was analyzed by detecting intr...     

镧对酸雨胁迫下水稻萌发种子POD与质膜透性动态变化的影响

采用模拟酸雨和镧复合处理水稻(O.sativao)种子,测定不同酸雨胁迫强度下镧对种子质膜透性(E%)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性的影响.结果表明,用pH4.0和pH2.5的酸雨连续胁迫7d,随着胁迫时间的增加,水稻种子的质膜透性呈现先减小后逐渐增大再减小的趋势,过氧化物酶(POD)活性一直保持升高的趋势.经镧处理后,水稻种子的质膜透性变小,POD活性有所增高.而在第5天和第3天,pH=2.5和pH:4.0酸雨胁迫下的水稻种子换用隔夜自来水培养,使得其质膜透性有所减少,过氧化物酶活性得以回升.镧对种子的萌发具有一定的防护效应,减轻了酸雨对萌发期间的伤害程度,增强了种子抗酸雨的能力.     

不同组合净水工艺对水中致突变物的去除

对５种组合净水工艺的出水及原水进行Ａｍｅｓ试验,结果显示,生物陶粒能部分去除水中直接致突变有机物,降低原水的ＭＲ比值,ＴＡ９８菌株ＭＲ比值在剂量为１Ｌ／皿水样及０．５Ｌ／皿水样时,分别比原水减少了４０．２％及４１．９％。     

膜接触器从高浓度含氨废水中脱氨的试验研揪

利用微孔膜接触器进行了从高浓度含氨制药废水中脱氨的现场试验.当吸收液酸度大于20%时,浓度为22%的氨水处理量在2-6L*h-1,经面积为1.56m2的膜系统吸收后可使氨水出口浓度低于5%,脱除率大于80%,处理后的低浓度氨水可循环使用,避免了高浓度氨水的直接排放;膜组件进出口温度差小于7℃,出口温度最高不超过45℃;吸收过程母液体积会膨胀,膨胀率约为1/5,母液体积膨胀主要是由于母液吸收氨生成硫酸铵溶质质量增加造成的.     

膜生物反应器脱氮除磷工艺的研究进展

膜生物反应器是近年新发展起来的高效污水处理工艺,文章重点介绍了膜生物反应器的脱氮除磷工艺;单一反应器间歇曝气膜生物反应器工艺和A/O形式的膜生物反应器工艺。总结了国内外研究的工艺特点、技术参数和处理效果。分析了技术参数,运行方式对处理效果的影响,提出了今后研究方向和应用前景。     

NP型复合纳滤膜对豆腐废水处理的应用

本文对ＮＰ型复合纳滤膜的分离性能进行了初步实验并在此基础上采用纳滤膜平板过滤装置对豆腐加工过程中产生的废水进行处理,以降低废水中的ＣＯＤ含量,实验结果表明,ＮＰ型复合纳滤膜对０．２％ＭｇＳＯ４溶液的截留率（Ｒ）高于９０％,相应秀量约为２０Ｌｍ＾－２．ｈ＾－１（０．４ＭＰａ）,豆腐废水ＣＯＤ的去除率大于９０％     

膜基材对动态膜生物反应器性能的影响研究

选用5种滤布作为动态膜生物反应器(DMBR)的膜基材在相同操作条件下进行对比实验,考察反应器运行周期、反冲洗前后过滤压力、膜通量的恢复情况,分析DMBR进出水水质.结果表明,应用DMBR处理模拟生活污水,其中孔径为24μm的涤纶短纤滤布组成的DMBR对COD、氨氮和总氮的去除率分别为90%、80%和48%以上;运行周期...     

液膜技术及其应用研究进展

文中综述了液膜技术的传质机理、类型、特点和在废水处理领域的研究,为使该项技术能实现大规模的工业应用,目前需要解决的问题,以及近年来液膜分离技术的研究进展。     

Parameters affecting the stability of the digestate from a two-stage anaerobic process treating the organic fraction of municipal solid waste

This paper focused on the factors affecting the respiration rate of the digestate taken from a continuous anaerobic two-stage process treating the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). The process involved a hydrolytic reactor (HR) that produced a leachate fed to a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (SAMBR). It was found that a volatile solids (VS) removal in the range 40-75% and an operating temperature in the HR between 21 and 35 °C resulted in digestates with similar respiration rates, with all digestates requiring 17 days of aeration before satisfying the British Standard Institution stability threshold of 16 mg CO₂ g VS⁻¹ day⁻¹. Sanitization of the digestate at 65 °C for 7 days allowed a mature digestate to be obtained. At 4 g VS L⁻¹ d⁻¹ and Solid Retention Times (SRT) greater than 70 days, all the digestates emitted CO₂ at a rate lower than 25 mg CO₂ g VS⁻¹ d⁻¹ after 3 days of aeration, while at SRT lower than 20 days all the digestates displayed a respiration rate greater than 25 mg CO₂ g VS⁻¹ d⁻¹. The compliance criteria for Class I digestate set by the European Commission (EC) and British Standard Institution (BSI) could not be met because of nickel and chromium contamination, which was probably due to attrition of the stainless steel stirrer in the HR.