企业突发职业中毒事故应急物资准备研究

应急物资准备是突发职业中毒事故应急救援成功的关键因素。而我国企业目前普遍存在应急物资和资源配备不足、应急救援装备落后、老化等现象,这严重影响了突发职业中毒事故应急救援工作的有效开展。为在突发事件发生时能快速响应,企业必须做好应急物资准备工作。国家也应根据应急工作的特点,结合法律法规方面有关问题进行规定,以便从制度化、标准化方面入手,指导和进一步规范企业进行应急资源的配备。该文根据企业应急物资准备中存在的主要问题,提出了企业在充分危险评估的基础上,科学合理进行应急物资准备。国家也应不断完善并制订相应的应急资源准备标准,以指导和加强企业突发职业中毒事故应急救援物资的准备。     

视屏显示终端对精神心理和神经行为的影响

本文进行了视屏显示终端(VDT)对操作人员精神心理和神经行为影响的调查研究。初步显示VDT作业可对操作人员造成情绪、感知、记忆、操作及复合功能诸多方面的不良影响。通过职业应激源的调查评价,显示VDT作业本身独特的作业性质、环境和要求形成了VDT作业的主要应激源。对从事VDT作业时间较长和作业负荷较大者则产生较高的职业性紧张度。从而说明VDT作业引起操作人员的某些心身疾患的可能性。     

我国秦至清末的疫病灾害研究

本文根据《中国历代天灾人祸表》中疫病的文字记载，统计出各个历史时期疫病发生时间（季节）、频数及其与旱、涝（水）、地震、战争等灾难事件的关系，进而推测历史时期疫病所包含的急性传染病。统计发生周期，证实疫病周期与太阳、太阳系活动规律有明显的相关性。     

Assessment of the Status of Urban Air pollution And Its Impact on Human Health in the City of Kolkata

Air pollution has significant effects on exacerbation of asthma, allergy and other respiratory diseases. Like many other magacities in the world the ambient air quality of Kolkata is also being deteriorated day by day. Automobile exhausts and certain industrial pollutants produce O₃ by photochemical reactions. The particulate matter, particularly less than 10 μ in size, can pass through the natural protective mechanism of human respiratory system and plays an important role in genesis and augmentation of allergic disorders. Sources of air pollution in the area and the unique problem arising out of the emission from the vehicles, industries, etc. have been described. Ambient air quality was monitored along with micrometeorological data and the results are discussed. The status of air pollution in the area has been evaluated and a questionnaire survey was conducted to estimate the allergic symptoms and exposure to assess the respiratory disorders. The data are analysed to evaluate the critical situation arising out of the emission of air pollutants and the impact on human health due to respirable diseases (RDs) to middle class sub-population (activity-wise) in the area are assessed. A strategic air quality management plan has been proposed. For the mitigation of air pollution problems in the city, the different measures to be adopted to maintain the balance between sustainable development and environmental management have been discussed.     

Characterizing and Controlling Industrial Dust: A Case Study in Small Particle Measurement

Instrumentation used to measure characteristics of fine particles entrained in gas or suspended in aerosols provides information needed to develop valid regulations for emission sources and to support the design of control technologies. This case study offers a brief history of micromeritics, a term used by early researchers to describe the science of small particles, and the related invention of laboratory instruments for characterizing very fine particles. The historical view provides insights into the role that Progressive Era government agencies played in advancing esoteric science and applying this knowledge to the regulation of workplace air pollution. Micromeritics instrumentation developed in conjunction with federal research now has many commercial applications worldwide, with characterizing airborne pollutants only a minor one. However, the continuing advances in the micromeritics field provide important laboratory measurement capabilities to environmental research organizations, such as the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).     

鲍类寄生性病害研究进展

概括近10 a来国内外鲍鱼寄生性病害的研究进展,寄生生物包括原核生物中的纤毛虫、单孢子虫、球虫、帕金虫和盘蜷虫,线形动物门中的颚口类线虫,环节动物门中的缨鳃类多毛虫和钻壳海稚虫类多毛虫,扁形动物门中的吸虫后囊蚴等,涉及寄生生物的种类分布、流行状况、组织病理学和症状及诊断和控制等,同时对我国鲍类寄生性病害研究提出展望.     

济钢集团建立OSHMS和EMS双管理体系的体会

通过济钢集团1年来建立《职业安全健康管理体系》和环境管理体系的实践，阐述了建立体系应注意的问题分析了如何把先进的国际管理体系和企业自身实际相结合，以提升管理水平并取得双认证的成功。     

小议我国职业安全管理

简要地提出了我国职业安全管理中存在的问题 ,并加以分析 ,同时有针对性地提出了建设性建议     

Evaluating the usability of a commercial cooling vest in the Hong Kong industries

Objective. The provision of appropriate personal cooling vests is recognized as an effective measure to combat heat stress. However, personal cooling vests are not widely implemented in the Hong Kong industries. The current study aims to evaluate the usability of a hybrid cooling vest that is associated with the success of its application in industrial settings. Methods. A self-administrated questionnaire focusing on 10 subjective attributes of cooling effect, ergonomic design and usability of a hybrid cooling vest was administered with 232 occupational workers in the construction, horticultural and cleaning, airport apron services and kitchen and catering industries. Results. A structural equation model estimated by analysis of moment structures was constructed to evaluate the usability of the cooling vest, as influenced by cooling effect and ergonomic design. Results showed that cooling effect (path coefficient?=?0.69, p?p?Conclusions. The structural equation model is feasible to examine the complex nature of the structural relationships among the subjective perceptions of personal cooling vests. The empirical findings furnish sound evidence for further optimization of the hybrid cooling vest in terms of cooling effect and ergonomic design for occupational workers.