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随着家具行业持续高速发展和从业人数的不断增加,家具企业职业危害的严峻性也日益突显,职业危害预防、控制也越来越受重视。喷涂作为家具表面处理的重要工艺,其作业过程产生的漆雾和挥发性有机化合物更是直接威胁到职工的健康安全。基于对家具企业喷漆作业场所的有毒、有害因素分析研究的基础上,从个体职业危害防护的角度,提出适用于家具企业喷漆过程的固定式长管呼吸装置防护技术,加强对家具企业职工喷漆作业的劳动保护,实现职业危害的预防控制。 相似文献
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Lenwood W. Hall Jr. Alfred E. Pinkney Scott Zeger Dennis T. Burton Michael J. Lenkevich 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1984,20(2):235-239
ABSTRACT: The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the avoidance responses of juvenile striped bass, Morone saxatilis and Atlantic menhaden, Brevoortia tyrannus to bis (tri-n-butyltin) oxide. An avoidance responses was exhibited by striped bass at a total organic tin concentration of 24.9 μg/L. Atlantic menhaden exhibited avoidance to total organic tin concentrations of 5.5 μg/L and greater. Atlantic menhaden are generally more sensitive to toxicants than striped bass; therefore, avoidance responses reported in this study are not surprising. It is highly likely that the concentrations of total organic tin that were avoided by the test species in this study were much higher than expected environmental concentrations. Ecologically significant hazards may occur due to potential effects that unperceived or non-avoided organotin concentrations may have on behavioral responses mediated by chemosensory systems. 相似文献
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Adsorption performance of activated carbon adsorbers in the downstream duct of vehicle spray painting booths has been studied to understand whether fine paint particles in the off-gas would deteriorate the adsorption capacity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on activated carbons. Three forms of activated carbons were selected and their properties were determined using nitrogen adsorption analysis, the measurement of pH value and total ash content, energy dispersion spectrometer, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Results show that the adsorption capacity of activated carbon strongly depends upon its available specific surface area. When the total uptake on activated carbon approaches saturation, the vapors adsorbed would commence to get displaced by the paint particles gradually as time elapses and finally the uptake of vapors and paint particles reach equilibrium. Microporous carbons, in particular, were much more susceptible to paint particles. A Langmuir-type model for the uptake on activated carbons was suggested, which successfully described the adsorption behaviors of the off-gas released from vehicle spray painting booth. 相似文献
46.
目的 试验研究不同防护工艺的印制电路板在湿热盐雾大气环境下的适应性。方法 结合无防护试件,在严苛的濒海棚下环境开展4种印制电路板防护工艺的暴露试验,通过观察电路板外观,测量计算绝缘电阻、介质耐压、品质因数,以及扫描电镜、能谱分析等技术手段评价印制电路板防护工艺的性能。结果 濒海棚下环境中,无防护印制电路板腐蚀严重,电气性能显著下降。改性硅、有机硅三防漆防护的印制电路板在整个试验周期内腐蚀程度轻微,电气性能较好,表面涂层仅存在轻微起泡现象。丙烯酸三防漆防护印制电路板防护性能不稳定,印制电路板出现腐蚀现象,品质因数总体低于改性硅、有机硅三防漆防护。聚氨酯三防漆防护印制电路板在电气测试性能中表现良好,但涂层出现太多破损、起泡等缺陷,铜导线出现异常生锈现象。在介质耐压测试中,多周期呈现击穿状态。结论 在濒海区域棚下湿热盐雾环境中,涂覆有机硅、改性硅三防漆的印制电路板防护状态最好,可优先选择作为防护手段。 相似文献
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改性累托石复合絮凝剂处理油漆废水 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用改性累托石-天然高分子多糖复合絮凝剂处理油漆废水。在改性累托石质量浓度为80mg/L、天然高分于多糖质造浓度为4mg/L的条件下,COD、悬浮固体和色度的去除率分别较传统絮凝剂三氯化铝和聚丙烯酰胺提高了43.1%,6.4%,22.6%和19.1%,3.4%,21.8%;吨废水药剂成本分别下降了16.9%和30.7%,处理后的油漆废水均达到国家二级污水排放标准。 相似文献
49.
Particles of spent antifouling paint collected from a marine boatyard were ground and subsequently administered to the filter-feeding bivalve, Mytilus edulis, maintained in static aquaria. Concentrations of Cu and Zn were measured in seawater throughout a 16 h feeding phase and a 24 h depuration phase, in rejected and egested particles collected during the respective phases, and in the organisms themselves at the end of the experiments. Concentrations and distributions of Cu and Zn in processed particles indicated that M. edulis was able to ingest paint particles, regardless of whether nutritionally viable silt was present, and no mechanism of particle discrimination was evident. Enrichment of Cu and Zn in the visceral mass of individuals and in the aqueous phase during depuration supported these assertions, although elevated concentrations in other compartments of the organism (e.g. shell, gill) suggested that biotic and abiotic uptake of aqueous metal was also important. 相似文献
50.
Luke Holmes 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2009,157(12):3440-3444
Leaching of Cu and Zn from a composite of discarded antifouling paint residues ([Cu] = 288 mg g−1; [Zn] = 96 mg g−1) into natural sea water has been studied over a period of 75 h. Total Cu and Zn were released according to a pseudo first-order reaction, with rate constants on the order of 0.3 and 2.5 (mg L−1)−1 h−1, respectively, and final concentrations equivalent to the dissolution of about 8 and 2% of respective concentrations in the composite. Time-distributions of hydrophobic metals, determined by solid phase extraction-methanol elution, were more complex. Net release of hydrophobic Cu was greater in the absence of light than under a sequence of light-dark cycles; however, hydrophobic Zn release was not detected under the former conditions but contributed up to 50% of total aqueous Zn when light was present. These observations are interpreted in terms of the relative thermodynamic and photolytic stabilities of biocidal pyrithione complexes. 相似文献