综掘工作面气水联动除尘装置影响因素及应用效果分析

为掌握气水联动除尘装置影响因素及现场除尘效果,以便更好应用于现场实际。基于煤矿综掘工作面长压短抽通风控除尘系统,利用数值仿真和正交实验设计分析方法,系统研究除尘装置叶片参数、进风量和进风口位置等因素对除尘效果的影响规律。研究结果表明：叶片安装角为40°,扭转角为4°时,除尘器入口处负压值和进风量最大,而吸风口距工作面5 m、吸风量≥300 m³/min时的除尘效果较好。控除尘系统采用气水联动除尘装置后,各测点全尘除尘效率提高了40.8%～55.4%,呼吸性粉尘除尘效率提高了31.4%～41.3%,应用效果良好。     

短时大暴雨的多普勒雷达探测及暴雨预警信号发布

本文通过对环流背景和广州CINRAD-SA多普勒天气雷达资料的详细分析,探讨了发生在广州市的一次短时大暴雨的成因.结果表明：广州市夏季短时大暴雨在低空急流、低层辐合以及高空辐散和抽吸作用的有利环流背景下,多个单体接连穿越同一地区所造成,单体排列方向与单体移动方向一致.弱中气旋特征、逆风区和能量锋对对流的维持和加强起到了十分重要的作用.另外本文还对暴雨预警信号的发布技巧进行了探讨.     

新型喷射鼓泡塔与传统鼓泡塔脱硫的性能比较

以磷矿浆为脱硫剂进行烟气脱硫研究,比较了自主创新研制的中试规模环栅式喷射鼓泡塔与工业规模的日本千代田CT-121脱硫鼓泡塔的性能。结果表明:塔压降和脱硫剂的pH值是影响脱硫效率的关键因素。鼓泡塔采用三塔串联,控制磷矿浆pH值为3.5~4.2、操作压力为7 000~7 800 Pa时,脱硫效率维持在95%左右。环栅式喷射鼓泡塔维持单塔压降约在3 000 Pa左右,磷矿浆pH值在3.7~4.3时脱硫效率可达67%。环栅式喷射鼓泡脱硫工艺以磷矿为脱硫剂,脱硫除尘效果好,系统投资少,运行费用低,并能资源化利用废渣,是适合我国国情的一项脱硫除尘技术。     

一种废机械油再生处理装置的设计

根据废机械油的资源循环利用需求,设计了一套废机械油再生处理装置,介绍了该装置的工作性能特点和结构组成原理。结合工厂试验测得此套机械油再生处理装置具有去除杂质、脱水、脱气和脱色的明显效果,对节能减排具有一定的意义。     

应用磁异常信号监测填埋体位移的技术研究

在比较填埋场内部位移监测方法的基础上,提出利用增强填埋场内目标体所产生的磁异常信号(磁通量密度,以ΔT计)观测填埋体位移的方法. 建立正演模型,研究目标体磁异常信号的理论曲线变化特征及其在不同环境条件下的信号变化规律. 对ΔT实测值分析表明,填埋场环境背景值(-100～100 nT)并不会掩盖特征目标体磁异常信号的最大理论值(724.31～2 804.24 nT),确定了该方法的可行性. 模拟表明,在规定目标体大小、磁化强度的条件下,当目标体埋深为1～2 m时,其水平位置定位误差≤0.02 m,竖直位置定位误差≤0.09 m,证实了磁测定位方法具有良好的应用前景.      

测量设备管理系统的开发与应用

阐述了开发测量设备管理系统的必要性。依据用户需求分析,提出了测量设备管理系统的设计思路,并介绍了公共管理子系统、资产管理子系统、档案管理子系统、系统管理子系统、查询／统计／报表生成子系统,以及计量管理子系统中各模块的功能。运行实践表明,使用该系统提高了环境监测管理水平。     

青鳉鱼的行为特征提取研究

采用生物行为传感器获取青鳉鱼的行为数据时,青鳉鱼个体差异会导致采集到的原始电信号在时空特性下完全不同。重要的行为特征往往被隐藏在原始信号中,传统的信号处理方法无法实时而有效地提取到这些特征。针对这个问题,观察并记录了暴露实验前后青鳉鱼的行为变化,提出了一种可以高效表征行为特征的直方图统计算法。实验结果表明,该方法能够准确对应人眼观测到的暴露实验前后鱼的行为变化趋势,同时也为后续异常行为识别提供一定的支持和参考。     

Influence of pedestrian age and gender on spatial and temporal distribution of pedestrian crashes

Objectives: Every year, about 1.24 million people are killed in traffic crashes worldwide and more than 22% of these deaths are pedestrians. Therefore, pedestrian safety has become a significant traffic safety issue worldwide. In order to develop effective and targeted safety programs, the location- and time-specific influences on vehicle–pedestrian crashes must be assessed. The main purpose of this research is to explore the influence of pedestrian age and gender on the temporal and spatial distribution of vehicle–pedestrian crashes to identify the hotspots and hot times.

Methods: Data for all vehicle–pedestrian crashes on public roadways in the Melbourne metropolitan area from 2004 to 2013 are used in this research. Spatial autocorrelation is applied in examining the vehicle–pedestrian crashes in geographic information systems (GIS) to identify any dependency between time and location of these crashes. Spider plots and kernel density estimation (KDE) are then used to determine the temporal and spatial patterns of vehicle–pedestrian crashes for different age groups and genders.

Results: Temporal analysis shows that pedestrian age has a significant influence on the temporal distribution of vehicle–pedestrian crashes. Furthermore, men and women have different crash patterns. In addition, results of the spatial analysis shows that areas with high risk of vehicle–pedestrian crashes can vary during different times of the day for different age groups and genders. For example, for those between ages 18 and 65, most vehicle–pedestrian crashes occur in the central business district (CBD) during the day, but between 7:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m., crashes among this age group occur mostly around hotels, clubs, and bars.

Conclusions: This research reveals that temporal and spatial distributions of vehicle–pedestrian crashes vary for different pedestrian age groups and genders. Therefore, specific safety measures should be in place during high crash times at different locations for different age groups and genders to increase the effectiveness of the countermeasures in preventing and reducing vehicle–pedestrian crashes.     

Influence of ATD versus PMHS reference sensor inputs on computational brain response in frontal impacts to advanced combat helmet (ACH)

ABSTRACT

Objective: This study analyzed the influence of reference sensor inputs from anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) versus postmortem human subjects (PMHSs) on simulations of frontal blunt impacts to the advanced combat helmet (ACH).

Methods: A rigid-arm pendulum was used to generate frontal impacts to ACHs mounted on ATDs and PMHS. An appropriately sized ACH was selected according to standard fitting guidelines. The National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment (NOCSAE) head was selected for ATD tests due to shape features that enabled a realistic helmet fit. A custom procedure was used to mount a reference sensor internally near the center of gravity (CG) of the PMHS. Reference sensor data from the head CG were used as inputs for the Simulated Injury Monitor (SIMon). Brain responses were assessed with the cumulative strain damage measure set at 10%, or CSDM(10).

Results: Compared to ATD tests, PMHS tests produced 18.7% higher peak linear accelerations and 5.2% higher peak angular velocities. Average times to peak for linear accelerations were relatively similar between ATDs (5.5?ms) and PMHSs (5.8?ms). However, times to peak for angular velocities were higher by a factor of up to 3.4 for PMHSs compared to ATDs. Values for were also higher by a factor of up to 13.1 when PMHS inputs were used for SIMon.

Conclusions: The preliminary findings of this work indicate that small differences in ATD versus PMHS head kinematics could lead to large differences in strain-derived brain injury metrics such as CSDM.     

利用Hach仪器开发低浓度COD的测试方法

利用Hach仪器开发了0 mg/L～150 mg/L COD的测试方法.采用反应器消解,比色法测定,配制的消解液能保证样品消解过程中浓硫酸和催化剂的含量与国标法相当,通过150 mg/L COD样品消解结束后重铬酸根离子半电池反应的电位折中确定重铬酸钾浓度.校准曲线线性关系良好,方法检出限为7 mg/L,与国标法作比较,结果表明两种方法可替换使用.