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采用中温中压氧化干化(MOD)技术对头孢菌渣、青霉素菌渣进行无害化处理,处理后菌渣(菌渣肥)中抗生素残留低于检出限(1 mg/kg)。经过对菌渣肥调质后,有机物、氮磷钾营养成分、重金属浓度等指标均可满足NY 525—2012《有机肥料》的要求,菌渣肥中7种典型耐药基因均未检出。进一步施肥试验结果表明:菌渣肥按1%和3%施入土壤30 d后,土壤中均未检出抗生素残留;菌渣肥能降低土壤的耐药基因富集程度。 相似文献
13.
造纸黑液木素在肥料中的应用 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
综述了造纸黑液木素功能性肥料的研究动态及作者的研究成果 ,指出了造纸黑液木素肥料资源化的应用前景 相似文献
14.
A. Saïdou B. H. Janssen E. J. M. Temminghoff 《Agriculture, ecosystems & environment》2003,100(2-3):265
Four on-farm experiments examined whether modest applications of fertilizers in combination with prunings from native agroforestry trees would be an alternative to maintain the fertility of ferralitic soils in Benin. An application of about 1.9 t ha−1 dry matter of mulch of Senna siamea combined with 30 kg N ha−1, 22 kg P ha−1 and 25 kg K ha−1 as compound fertilizer was compared with (1) 60 kg N ha−1, 43 kg P ha−1 and 50 kg K ha−1 as compound fertilizer alone, (2) mulch of S. siamea alone (about 3.2 t ha−1 dry matter), and (3) a control treatment. Criteria were soil properties, yields, nutrient uptakes, and nutrient budgets. Application of sole mulch had no significant effects (P>0.05) on maize yields, while combined application of prunings and NPK fertilizers or sole NPK increased yields significantly (P<0.05). The most limiting nutrient was P. The local maize cultivar was efficient in P uptake, but not in internal nutrient utilization efficiency; mulch increased significantly the internal P utilization efficiency (P<0.05). Soil properties were interpreted with the QUEFTS (quantitative evaluation of the fertility of tropical soils) computer program. The predicted and measured yields were almost the same for maize without NPK. The measured responses to NPK were much lower than the responses calculated by QUEFTS. The calculated nutrient budgets were split into balances for available nutrients and for those not immediately available (NIA). Nutrient budgets were negative for the control and sole mulch treatments, and positive for the NPK treatments. Mulch improved the balances of NIA nutrients. The present experiment could not prove that combining NPK with mulch is the best option for sustainable agriculture. It may be more economical to apply lower rates of fertilizer to local maize than those applied in the two NPK treatments in the present study. 相似文献
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采取定位试验的方法研究了组合施肥技术对土壤有机质、氮、磷的影响。结果表明,组合施肥较单施化肥土壤有机质含量增加1.8~3.3g/kg;土壤全氮增加0.05g/kg,速效氮(除Ⅱ处理外)增加6.6~44.6mg/kg;土壤全磷增加0.15~0.29g/kg.速效磷增加15.68~37.21mg/kg。土壤有机质增量为0.6~23g/kg;土壤氮素增量全氮增加0.002~0.25g/kg,速效氮增加11.6~39.4mg/kg;土壤磷素增量全磷增加0.09~0.24g/kg,速效磷增加23.59~57.28mg/kg。在保持土壤肥力有所提高的情况下,玉米大豆两年平均产量提高7.7%~17.3%,净收入提高19.4%~37.3%,由此可见,组合施肥技术应用前景广阔。 相似文献
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K. J. Perl G. R. Webster R. R. Cairns 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(5):581-605
Abstract Annual applications of (NH4)2SO4 NH4NO3 and urea on a Solonetzic soil at 112 kg N/ha for 10 consecutive years reduced pH levels from 5.6 for the check to 4.4, 4.9 and 5.3, respectively for (NH4)2SO4, NH4NO3 and urea. (NH4)2SO4 generated twice as much exchange acidity as NH4NO3 and four times as much as urea. Net extractable cations leached from the Ap horizon closely approximated the amount of exchange acidity generated by (NH4)2SO4 and NH4NO3 fertilizers. The levels of soil extractable Al and Mn were greatly enhanced by (NH4)2SO4 as were plant contents. Similar acidifying effects to that produced by the (NH4)2SO4 occurred when NH4NO3 was applied at 300 kg N/ha annually for 12 consecutive years in another field experiment on the same soil. Liming samples of the field (NH4)2SO4 acidified soils in the greenhouse, significantly increased yields and lowered the Al and Mn contents of the plants to normal levels. 相似文献
19.
增施磷肥对提高强酸性高硒茶园土壤硒有效性的效果 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
通过大田试验,研究了增施钙镁磷肥、过磷酸钙及与生物有机肥混施共6种调控措施对强酸性高硒茶园土壤基本化学性质、土壤有效硒和茶叶中硒质量比的调控效果.结果表明,不同磷肥及不同用量处理对土壤有效硒质量比增加均有效果,高用量的3种处理(钙镁磷肥高用量与生物有机肥混施、钙镁磷肥高用量和过磷酸钙高用量)效果好于正常用量的处理(钙镁磷肥正常用量与生物有机肥混施、钙镁磷肥正常用量、过磷酸钙正常用量),且用量相同的情况下,伴有生物有机肥的磷肥处理效果最好.增施磷肥调控均不同程度地增加了茶叶硒质量比,6种处理的增幅均达到极显著水平(p<0.01). 相似文献
20.
棉田施用城市垃圾肥效果研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
棉田连续两年施用城市生活垃圾的增产效果及对土壤物理性质影响的试验结果表明,棉田配合施用城市生活垃圾与无机肥料,随着垃圾施用量及施用年限的增加,增产效果达显著与极显著水平,土壤忆隙度明显提高、容重明显降低。 相似文献