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曝气对潜流人工湿地污染物沿程降解规律的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过构建曝气及未曝气潜流人工湿地小试实验系统,研究曝气对人工湿地床体中污染物沿程变化规律的影响。实验结果表明,曝气对污染物沿程降解规律的影响与污染物种类有关,在净化COD和氨氮时,曝气人工湿地污染物主要以水平推流式降解为主,未曝气系统床体中则出现分层现象,深度为40 cm以上的床体区域中污染物以水平推流式降解为主,40 cm以下区域则以垂直梯度降解方式为主。对于磷来说,两对比系统均以水平推流降解方式为主,但不同深度上的降解速率有所差异,曝气系统30~50 cm的床体中间层降解速率较快,而未曝气系统50 cm以下的床体底层降解速率较快。将对比系统总体净化效果进一步比较发现,对于COD的去除来说,温度的影响大些,而对于氨氮和TP的去除来说,曝气的影响则更为显著。 相似文献
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反应器理论在复合垂直流构建湿地水流流态研究中的应用 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
运用反应器理论研究了一种新型的复合垂直流构建湿地系统(IVCW)的水流流态,由示踪剂试验得到水流停留时间分布(RTD),从而确定了IVCW在水力负荷为200~800mm/d时,停留时间为19~35h,并由RTD曲线的特征值确定IVCW的水流流态介于理想推流与完全混合流之间,同时应用离散流模型,不仅较好地模拟了IVCW的实际水流流态,还得到了水流的Peclect准数在11~19之间.通过有植物与无植物系统的对照发现植物根系有利于IVCW的水流流态接近理想推流状态. 相似文献
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SUFR系统在低温影响下处理效果的试验分析 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
全面分析低温(8—20℃)对螺旋升流式反应器(spiral Up-Flow Reactor,SUFR)系统处理效果的影响.低温时利用SUFR系统进行试验研究的结果表明,该系统耗氧有机物(以COD计)和TN处理效果虽然随着温度的降低有所下降,但是耗氧有机物(以COD计)及TN去除率仍分别达到86%、70%以上.TP的去除率一直在92%以上.低温时该系统的活性污泥一时难于压缩、沉降.然而在未采取任何措施的情况下,污泥沉降性能可以在较短时间内自行恢复.这说明,接近活塞流特征的SUFR系统可以减轻低温对污水处理的负影响.该系统具有更宽的温度适宜范围. 相似文献
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Alexis Knight Satyendra P. Bhavsar Brian A. Branfireun Peter Drouin Ram Prasha Steve Petro Moustapha Oke 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2019,31(6):137-145
The use of biopsy plugs to sample fish muscle tissue for mercury analyses is a viable alternative to lethal sampling; however, the practice has yet to be widely implemented in routine monitoring due to concerns about variability of mercury concentrations in fish muscle tissues. Here we examine distribution of mercury in fillets of four fish species (Walleye, Northern Pike, Smallmouth Bass and Lake Trout), suitability of left/right side of fillet for biopsy sampling, and appropriateness of re-using a biopsy punch. The results showed that average mercury concentrations in left and right fillets of fish are similar. Mercury concentrations in biopsy plug samples, taken from the anterior dorsal area of the fish fillet, were statistically equivalent to the mercury concentrations in homogenized fillets. There was no discernible cross contamination between samples when a biopsy punch was reused after washing in hot soapy water, and as such, biopsy punches can be recycled during sampling to reduce the sampling cost. If a tissue mass collected from a specific site on the fillet is insufficient, then we suggest sampling corresponding locations on the other fillet rather than sampling two adjacent sites on one fillet to obtain more tissue. The results presented here can improve the accuracy of fillet biopsy plug sampling, minimize fish mortality for mercury monitoring, and reduce labor and material costs in monitoring programs. 相似文献
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Photocatalytic mineralization of glyphosate in a small-scale plug flow simulation reactor by UV/TiO2
Jian Q. Chen Zhi J. Hu Nan X. Wang 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(6):579-588
The present work involves the photocatalytic mineralization of glyphosate on a plug flow reactor by UV/TiO2. The effect of catalyst loading shows an optimal value (0.4 g L?1) which is necessary to mineralize glyphosate. The kinetic rate of glyphosate mineralization decreases with the increasing initial concentration of glyphosate, and the data can be described using the first-order model. An alkaline environment is conducive to glyphosate mineralization. The mineralization efficiency increases with elevated flow rate to 114 mL min?1, which is followed by a decrease with a further increase in flow rate due to the reduction of the residence time. The presence of external oxidants (K2S2O8, H2O2 and KBrO3) and photosencitizer (humic acid) can significantly enhance glyphosate mineralization. Photocatalysis oxidation ability of the three studied oxidants decrease in the order of: S2O8 2? > BrO3 ? > H2O2. Finally, the Langmuir–Hinshelwood (L-H) model was used to rationalize the mechanisms of reactions occurring on TiO2 surfaces and L-H model constants were also determined. 相似文献
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多效唑(PP333)常用来控制植物徒长,孔雀草穴盘育苗因夏季温度和湿度过高等原因易发生徒长,使产品质量降低.因此,采用不同浓度的PP333溶液在种子萌动前对孔雀草穴盘苗进行喷施处理,测定株高、根冠比、超氧物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性,筛选出最佳浓度,并研究其与对照的内源激素水平以及茎部细胞形态,探讨其作用机理.结果表明,萌前期喷施10-30mg/L的PP333能安全有效地抑制植株的生长高度,增强SOD和POD活性,从而提高花卉种苗的质量及抗逆性,且浓度越高,效果越明显,其中最佳处理为30mg/L PP333.PP333降低了孔雀草的GA和IAA含量,提高了ABA含量,抑制了孔雀草茎段细胞的伸长,从而使节间缩短,控制植株生长,提高植株抗逆性. 相似文献
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