论违反《中华人民共和国固体废物污染环境防治法》的刑事责任

系统分析《中华人民共和国固体废物污染环境防治法》所规定的三种犯罪类型,论述追究固体废物污染环境罪刑事责任的犯罪构成要件。     

网络计划在液化气球罐内外部检验过程中的应用

在以工期考虑为重点的V-3002B液化气球罐内外部检验过程中，引用现代管理中网络计划技术关键路线法，为加快芳烃厂压力容器检验提供了科学的依据。本文总结和介绍了网络计划技术在芳烃厂贮运车间V-300亚球罐内外部检验过程应用情况。     

基于风险的检验在高温高压管廊蒸汽管道的应用

高含硫天然气净化装置高温高压管廊蒸汽管道由于不能停车,在现有技术条件下无法开展全面检验,存在安全运行的风险。简述了基于风险的检验技术的基本理念。讨论了蒸汽管道开展基于风险的检验的合规性、损伤模式及机理、风险评估方法和程序。通过综合考虑失效可能性和失效后果,制定最优检验策略并实施,解决了高温高压管廊蒸汽管道到期不能检验的问题,及时发现隐患并整改,确保管道合法合规安全运行。研究结果表明,采用基于风险的检验技术,既能节约大量的停车和检验维修费用,又能有效地提高重点设备管线的安全性和管理水平。     

长江中下游成矿侵入岩的特征研究

长江中下游的侵入岩体，尤其是燕山期的侵入岩体面广量大．它们与区内铜、铁、金等矿产关系密切。本文通过对侵入岩体地质特征、岩石化学成分等对比研究后，总结出如下几个特点：1、侵入体主要形成时代为135-95Ma，自西向东有逐渐变新的趋势；2、与成矿有关者多数是复式岩体，与铜矿化有关的主要是燕山早期侵入岩，与铁矿化有关的则主要是燕山晚期侵入岩；3、多数岩体受到过中、下三叠统蒸发岩层（膏盐层）的同化混染；4、岩体含碱质高，在Na2O－SiO2关系图上显示出二者没有相关性；5、侵入体中的铜有可能提供部分铜矿床的物源；6、岩石化学成分上某些组分的对比研究表明，成铜矿与成铁矿岩体之间、成矿岩体和无矿岩体之间有一定程度的差异。     

多目标决策-理想点法综合评价淮北市地下水环境质量

运用多目标决策-理想点法对淮北市地下水质量进行评价,结果表明淮北市地下水质量达到了Ⅱ类水质标准以上,能够达到当地地下水环境功能区划要求.评价结果与实际情况一致,评价方法较精确,具有一定科学性.     

Reasons for non-participation in a kerbside recycling scheme

In this article potential barriers to recycling are explored within a UK community of approximately 8000 households that are piloting a kerbside paper recycling scheme. All 1690 non-users of the scheme were surveyed for their decisions not to participate. A 43% response rate was generated from the survey and the reasons given by householders were coded into 12 categories. The main reasons for non-participation included insufficient paper and lack of space in which to locate the recycling bin. 62% of the non-participants reported that they were recycling paper using other facilities such as local bring schemes and charity collections. Strategies to increase participation in the kerbside scheme are suggested.     

ECOSYSTEM DYNAMICS AND POLLUTION EFFECTS IN AN OZARK CAVE STREAM1

ABSTRACT: Subterranean ecosystems harbor globally rare fauna and important water resources, but ecological processes are poorly understood and are threatened by anthropogenic stresses. Ecosystem analyses were conducted from 1997 to 2000 in Cave Springs Cave, Arkansas, situated in a region of intensive land use, to determine the degree of habitat degradation and viability of endangered fauna. Organic matter budgeting quantified energy flux and documented the dominant input as dissolved organic matter and not gray bat guano (Myotis grisescens). Carbon/nitrogen stable isotope analyses described a trophic web of Ozark cavefish (Amblyopsis rosae) that primarily consumed cave isopods (Caecidotea stiladactyla), which in turn appeared to consume benthic matter originating from a complex mixture of soil, leaf litter, and anthropogenic wastes. Septic leachate, sewage sludge, and cow manure were suspected to augment the food web and were implicated in environmental degradation. Water, sediment, and animal tissue analyses detected excess nutrients, fecal bacteria, and toxic concentrations of metals. Community assemblage may have been altered: sensitive species‐grotto salamanders (Typhlotriton spelaeus) and stygobro‐mid amphipods—were not detected, while more resilient isopods flourished. Reduction of septic and agricultural waste inputs may be necessary to restore ecosystem dynamics in this cave ecosystem to its former undisturbed condition.     

BUILDUP,WASHOFF, AND EVENT MEAN CONCENTRATIONS1

ABSTRACT: Most watershed water quality simulation models require the user to specify pollutant buildup and washoff rate parameters for pollutants, by land use. Buildup and washoff rates are difficult to measure directly, and only limited guidance and few observed data are available from the literature. Many studies, however, report storm event mean concentrations (EMCs). These EMCs must arise as a result of the buildup and washoff processes, but typically represent the net contribution from a variety of pervious and impervious surfaces. This paper explores the relationship between EMCs and buildup/washoff parameters. An assumption of the mathematical form of the buildup/washoff relationship gives an algebraic expression for the EMC consistent with model assumptions. This yields techniques to separate observed EMCs into contributions from different land uses and from pervious and impervious surfaces. Given this relationship, numerical optimization may be used to estimate site specific values of buildup and washoff parameters from observed storm EMCs for use in modeling. Use of this approach helps ensure that model parameters are consistent with observed data, providing a rational starting point for final model calibration. Several site examples demonstrate use of the method.     

GROUND WATER NITRATE REDUCTION IN GIANT CANE AND FOREST RIPARIAN BUFFER ZONES1

ABSTRACT: Ground water contamination by excess nitrate leaching in row‐crop fields is an important issue in intensive agricultural areas of the United States and abroad. Giant cane and forest riparian buffer zones were monitored to determine each cover type's ability to reduce ground water nitrate concentrations. Ground water was sampled at varying distances from the field edge to determine an effective width for maximum nitrate attenuation. Ground water samples were analyzed for nitrate concentrations as well as chloride concentrations, which were used as a conservative ion to assess dilution or concentration effects within the riparian zone. Significant nitrate reductions occurred in both the cane and the forest riparian buffer zones within the first 3.3 m, a relatively narrow width. In this first 3.3 m, the cane and forest buffer reduced ground water nitrate levels by 90 percent and 61 percent, respectively. Approximately 40 percent of the observed 99 percent nitrate reduction over the 10 m cane buffer could be attributed to dilution by upwelling ground water. Neither ground water dilution nor concentration was observed in the forest buffer. The ground water nitrate attenuation capabilities of the cane and forest riparian zones were not statistically different. During the spring, both plant assimilation and denitrification were probably important nitrate loss mechanisms, while in the summer nitrate was more likely lost via denitrification since the water table dropped below the rooting zone.     

火炸药热自燃点测试及数据自动记录的探讨

简述了所建立的炸药热自燃点测试系统的结构和工作原理，阐明了在多试样热自燃点测试中，采用温度数据自动记录系统的必要性。着重讨论了所研制的多试样火炸药热自燃点自动记录仪的结构和工作原理。