改进的RBI技术在海上平台压力容器中的应用

海上平台压力容器检验周期的计算方法通常会产生过少或过度检验的问题,确定合理的检验周期对平衡压力容器的安全操作和检验成本具有重大意义。采用改进的RBI技术,对2种泄漏类型的压力容器系统分别设定不同的可接受风险,并将渐变模型引入压力容器检验周期计算方法中,计算了某海上生产平台上的51台压力容器的检验周期。结果表明,共有22个压力容器部位的检验周期得到调整,验证了改进的方法可以使检验周期数值更真实合理地反映设备风险,但对腐蚀率较小的损伤机理,采用渐变模型改进容器部位的检验周期效果不明显。     

微压供热堆压力容器结构设计与力学分析

目的对微压供热堆HAPPY200的压力容器进行结构设计及分析。方法针对HAPPY200的特点,满足堆工、热工等专业要求,完成此微压供热堆堆本体的结构设计,并根据ASME锅炉和压力容器规范(ASME BPVC规范)进行压力容器的力学计算校核。微压供热堆HAPPY200采用池壳结合的方式,反应堆200 MW热功率两回路设计,设计压力1.6 MPa,出口温度120℃。压力容器采用不锈钢材质、35 mm壁厚的设计,采用ASMEBPVC规范对其进行力学计算校核。结果此结构中所得到的力学结果均小于ASMEBPVC标准所要求的限值。结论微压供热堆HAPPY200的压力容器设计满足堆工、热工等专业要求,其力学评定通过ASME BPVC规范要求。     

压力容器声发射信号参数分析方法的探讨

参数分析是声发射技术应用中的重要环节之一,因为它直接关系到能否正确反映被检对象的物理状况。本文集多年检测的经验,提出了参数分析的几种方法以及参数分析中须注意的问题,力求通过参数分析方法来客观、合理地表征检测对象的物理状况。     

液氦罐车碰撞仿真安全性研究

本文采用s0Mworks、ANSyS／Workbench、LS—DYNA等软件对常温裸形的液氨罐车进行了碰撞仿真研究，获得了多种情形下罐车的碰撞性能，为以后展开实车碰撞提供了重要的技术支撑。     

Transaction of Marine Fishing Right: Theoretical Analysis

Abstract

The difference between fishermen’s fishing catch and the optimal fishing catch is the basic reason for the transaction of marine fishing rights (TMFR). The effects of productive cost, non-productive cost, use-cost, transaction cost, productive revenue and non-productive revenue on the TMFR and the optimal fishing catch are analyzed. This paper draws following conclusions: the non-productive revenue has a positive effect on the TMFR, and other factors, such as non-productive cost, use-cost and transaction cost, have a negative effect; the TMFR will promote the resource allocation; the high transaction cost may affect the implementation of TMFR.     

一起反应釜爆炸事故原因分析

分析了某化工厂一起反应釜爆炸事故的可能原因,认为事故发生的原因主要是氮气置换失效及提前对反应釜进行加热,提出了预防措施.     

圆柱形容器环缝错边的安全性评价

环焊缝就是一锥形环,可以建立其数学模型,进而证明了焊缝错边缺陷是可以修复的。通过应力计算分析和实验验证可以得出:当b/s较小(b/s<0.2)时,错边可以用磨削方法进行修复;当b/s较大时,可用堆焊方法进行修复,且堆焊宽度H不超过100mm。同时,在控制应力水平不超过1.5[σ]时,错边量和角变形量的和可以允许在不超过0.7s的范围内。研究及安全性评价表明ASME,GB150等标准对环焊缝的控制过于严格,也给压力容器制造企业增加了成本。因此,建议GB150放宽对B类焊缝错边量的控制要求。     

油田用加热炉危险因素分析及安全评价探讨

本文对油田用加热炉按功能和加热方式进行了分类，分析了加热炉常见的火管烧损和腐蚀等危险因素，提出了增加污水进入加热炉沉降工艺，安装自动切断燃料供给控制系统，安装安全联锁装置等安全对策措施，最后对加热炉的安全评价方法选用做了探讨，提出了用LEC法进行安全评价更加切合实际。     

Subcutaneous Arteriolar Vasomotion Changes During and After ELF-EMF Exposure in Mice in Vivo

Summary Biological effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) on microcirculation were investigated in vivo by monitoring arteriole diameters in conscious mice. Measurements of blood vessel diameter were monitored 33 min non-stop before during and after exposure with ELF-EMF and every 389 ms blood vessel diameter were calculated. Using a dorsal skinfold chamber (DSC), and following caudal vein injection of FITC-dextran 250 kDa, the microvasculature (initial arteriole diameter of 45–80 μm), was examined by intravital microscopy and video images were recorded for a total time of 33 min. Arteriole diameter was continuously measured by on-line analysis using a High-speed Digital Machine Vision System CV-2100, using an edge-gap detection algorithm. Since vessel diameters exhibit rhythmic variation expressed by vasomotion, for estimation of microcirculatory activity we used both raw data for frequency analysis of vasomotion (measured frequencies of vasomotion were in the range 0.008÷0.1 Hz) and evaluate mean blood vessel diameter for each 1 min period of time, and make a comparison between Pre, Exposure/Sham exposure and Post exposure periods, with the aim to evaluate possible changes in mean blood vessel diameter as a result of ELF-EMF action. During EMF exposure and post-exposure periods, arteriole diameters increased significantly compared with the pre-exposure period, and the changes were larger during post-exposure. In contrast to sham exposure, vasodilatation of the microvasculature was significantly greater during exposure and post-exposure to 16 Hz EMF. These findings suggest that ELF-EMF may have potential therapeutic use benefit for treating vascular disorders.     

内部爆炸载荷作用下容器动力响应的数值模拟

运用ANSYS/LS-DYNA非线性显式动力学有限元程序,采用流固耦合算法,对平板封头圆柱形爆炸容器(长径比1∶1)在内部爆炸载荷作用下的动力响应进行了数值模拟;研究容器壳体和平板封头典型位置的内部爆炸载荷和等效应力的历史;分别给出壳体和平板封头的应力云图;分析对比壳体和封头不同位置应力响应。数值模拟结果为爆炸容器的经验设计和防护提供了科学依据。