Spatial distribution of copper in relation to recreational boating in a California shallow-water basin

The overall effect of the number of boats on the copper (Cu) levels in the water column and sediment, along with their spatial variability within Shelter Island Yacht Basin (SIYB), San Diego Bay, California was examined. We identified a horizontal gradient of increasing dissolved Cu and Cu in sediment from outside to the head of SIYB which was coincident with the increasing number of boats. Spatial models of Cu distribution in water and sediment indicated the presence of ‘hotspots’ of Cu concentration. From outside to the head of SIYB, dissolved Cu ranged from 1.3 μ g L^?1 to 14.6 μ g L^?1 in surface water, and 2.0 μ g L^?1 to 10.2 μ g L^?1 in bottom water. Cu in sediment exceeded the Effect Range Low of 34 mg kg^?1 (i.e. where adverse effects to fauna may occur), with a peak concentration of 442 mg kg^?1 at the head of the basin. Free Cu⁺⁺ in surface water was several orders of magnitude higher than in sediment porewater. High-resolution data of Cu species together with probability maps presented in this paper will allow managers to easily visualise and localise areas of impaired quality and to prioritise which areas should be targeted to improve Cu-related conditions.     

我国重工业企业烟气脱硫技术及存在的问题

为使企业在"十二五"期间达到SO2减排指标,总结出几种目前应用普遍,技术成熟,投资、运行成本较低的脱硫工艺,包括烟气脱硫的基本原理、主要设备、技术难点及存在的问题。供企业新建,改建或扩建脱硫系统借鉴。     

砂柱对济南城市屋面雨水径流净化效果的试验

针对屋面雨水回灌裂隙岩溶含水层要求快速量大和水质要求高的特点,设计了相适宜的砂滤柱.采用室内砂滤试验研究了济南市屋面雨水径流回灌裂隙岩溶含水层之前的雨水净化效果.结果表明,砂柱对屋面雨水径流污染物有明显的去除效果,浊度的平均去除率达到87%,悬浮物的平均去除率达到70%以上,对色度、挥发酚、Pb和Zn也有一定的去除效果,对NH3-N、NO2-N的去除效果较差.浊度、色度和悬浮物等大部分污染物的去除主要集中在上层完成,因此,砂柱的上层需要定期更换.     

利用SCIAMACHY遥感资料研究我国NO2柱浓度及其时空分布

利用SCIAMACHYENVISAT 2003—2009年月均观测数据,结合1∶4 000 000行政区划图,得到了近7 a来我国城市级别NO₂柱浓度的时空分布和变化趋势,并采用Seasonal Mann-Kendall非参数检验方法对各城市的变化趋势进行了显著性分析. 结果表明:我国NO₂分布东高西低,NO₂柱浓度高值区主要分布在京津冀及环渤海区域、长江三角洲北部及广东省等地区. 近7 a来我国北部和中部地区的NO₂增长趋势显著,NO₂柱浓度平均值最高和增速最快的前20个城市主要分布在江苏、山东和安徽等省的二级城市郊县和小城市. 与统计年鉴工业废气排放数据的比较表明,工业废气排放与NO₂柱浓度及其时空分布具有较好的一致性. 这种新的NO₂污染格局应该引起重视并采取有针对性的污染监管措施.      

绿色环保、高效节能、资源循环利用的清洁炼钢厂

主要介绍宝钢集团浦钢搬迁罗泾工程为建设绿色环保、高效节能、资源循环利用的现代清洁炼钢厂所采用的工艺技术、技术装备和技术措施。对炼钢工程中所采用的各种工艺技术、技术装备和技术措施等进行说明和分析。     

Effect of Sweating on Insulation of Footwear

The study aimed to find out the influence of sweating on footwear insulation with a thermal foot model. Simultaneously, the influence of applied weight (35 kg), sock, and steel toe cap were studied. Water to 3 sweat glands was supplied with a pump at the rate of 10 g/hr in total. Four models of boots with steel toe caps were tested. The same models were manufactured also without steel toe. Sweating reduced footwear insulation 19–25% (30–37% in toes). During static conditions, only a minimal amount of sweat evaporated from boots. Weight affected sole insulation: Reduction depended on compressibility of sole material. The influence of steel toe varied with insulation. The method of thermal foot model appears to be a practical tool for footwear evaluation.     

宝钢焦化废水处理技术发展与现状

焦化废水的处理一直是国内外废水处理领域的难题之一。文章以宝钢为例,介绍并分析了该企业焦化废水处理技术的发展与现状。     

气相色谱法单塔双柱双检测器测定农产品中有机氯与拟除虫菊酯类农药残留应用探索

气相色谱经加装双ECD检测器,实现单塔双柱双检测器测定农产品中有机氯、拟除虫菊酯类农药残留,在不须关机换色谱柱情况下实现双柱定性定量分析。该方法可节约大量定性分析时间,通过百菌清、氯氟氰菊酯、三唑酮、氯氰菊酯的加标回收试验,平均回收率为95.0%～102.5%,相对标准偏差为1.88%～3.72%,方法稳定可靠。     

超临界锅炉特种管材氧化皮结构特征及剥落规律

通过对超临界锅炉几种常用的铁素体钢及奥氏体钢高温换热管进行取样分析研究,得到了几种材质在运行中产生的氧化皮的结构特征和剥落规律。     

钢渣吸附剂吸附机理的研究

采用间歇振荡法,研究了钢渣吸附模式、选择性以及等温吸附方程。结果表明,钢渣对阳离子的吸附容量远远大于对阴离子的吸附容量,其吸附模式属于离子交换;其对重金属离子具有一定的吸附选择性,其选择性能与离子的电性、电价、离子半径和水化热等因素有关;钢渣吸附Pb2＋是单层吸附,符合Langmuir等温吸附方程。