电极配置和操作条件对静电油烟净化效率的影响

以有机气溶胶发生器产生的0.02~2.02 μm癸二酸二辛酯颗粒模拟餐饮业排出的油烟PM_2.5组分,利用静电低压撞击器颗粒物检测仪测定各粒径范围的颗粒个数和质量浓度,并系统研究了电极配置、电场风速和供电电压等因素对静电油烟净化效率的影响。结果表明：油烟荷电量以及荷电颗粒迁移距离是影响净化效率的关键因素,优化电极配置的增效作用明显;提高荷电区电离电压对油烟净化的增效作用大于提高收尘区电压;0.13~0.23 μm粒径范围的油烟最难去除,其分级净化效率直接影响总净化效率;降低电场风速或增加串联模块数可增大油烟在电场的停留时间,继而提高净化效率。工程设计中,可根据安装空间和处理气量波动等实际情况,合理匹配串联模块数和电场风速,提高效益费用比。     

The explosion of non-nano iron dust suspension in the 20-l spherical bomb

The understanding of dust explosion is still incomplete because of the lack of reliable data and accurate models accounting for all the physic-chemical aspects. Besides, most of the experimental data available in the current literature has been accumulated on the 20-l spherical bomb tests, which gives coarse results for the pressure history that cannot be easily converted into fundamental combustion parameters. Nevertheless, the large amount of experimental data available in the spherical bomb is attractive. In this work, the explosion of non-nano iron dust in the standard spherical vessel is analyzed, aiming at evaluating the burning velocity from the theoretical point of view and the simple experiments performed by the standard explosion tests. The choice of iron is of relevance because its adiabatic flame temperature is below the boiling temperature of both the reactants and oxidized gaseous, liquid, or solid (intermediate and final) products and for the negligible particle porosity, which instead is typical of organic dust. Therefore, a non-nano iron dust explosion can be reconducted to a reduced mechanism since heterogeneous (surface) combustion may be determinant, and the diffusion mechanism for oxygen is the only relevant. The laminar burning velocity is strongly dependant on the particle diameter, whereas little effects are due to the dust concentration. The reported final value was found in agreement with typical limiting laminar burning velocity, adopted for the estimation of flammability limits.     

无性繁殖常用的方式

无性繁殖常用的方式有三种,扦插、压条和嫁接。本文论述了这三种无性繁殖的具体作法。     

重庆硫干沉降速度的测定

1988年9月至1990年3月间,在重庆市城区用化学洗脱法测定了水体、土壤、建材、草苔和树叶等11种试验下垫面的SO_2和SO_4~(2-)的混合干沉降通量和沉降速度V_d,其结果是草苔的硫混合干沉降速度较大,范围0.53—1.06厘米/秒;水体0.02—1.19厘米/秒;土壤0.01—0.97厘米/秒;建材0.04—0.29厘米/秒;树叶0.01—0.03厘米/秒。     

用二阶闭合理论确定的大气扩散系数的分析

本文分析了作者以前得到的一种扩散系数的某些结果,认为这种扩散系数解释了垂直湍流和风切变的联合作用使水平扩散增大的实验观测结果;建立了与雷诺应力间的函数关系,在简化情况下,与泰勒理论得到的结论类似。在边界层低层,湍流扩散系数与粘性系数是不相等的,有时会有较大差别。     

塔里木西南缘下地壳低速层的成因:斜长角闪岩的纵波速度和衰减的限制

在1 0GPa,室温～1200℃条件下,测量了新疆库地地区斜长角闪岩的纵波速度(Vp)和品质因子(Q值),得出在1 0GPa恒压下,Vp和Q值随温度和深度的变化关系。结果显示,Vp和Q值随温度的升高而下降,观察实验样品并结合Vp和Q值与熔体含量的关系,发现部分熔融是影响Vp和Q值变化的主要因素。依据实验结果,并结合区域上压力梯度和温度梯度资料计算了Vp和Q值随深度的变化。结果表明Vp和Q值先随深度的增加而缓慢增大,在32km左右开始突然减小,表明开始出现低速层。结合温度和熔体含量的关系得出,低速层的出现可能是部分熔融的结果。塔里木及周边地区的地震测深以及地震反演的结果也显示,在相同的温度和压力条件下,地壳内部32～44km的范围内存在低速层,同时高温高压的实验结果与阿拉木图地区的Vp值相当一致,可以推测塔里木西南缘下地壳的岩石成分中含有斜长角闪岩。     

Turbulence Perturbations in the Neutrally Stratified Surface Layer due to the Interaction of a Katabatic Flow with a Steep Ridge

Turbulence measurements were performed in Antarctica, on the Nansen Ice Sheet, dominated by westerly katabatic winds. The measurements were taken at two sites aligned with the katabatic wind fall-line. The measuring stations were located in the middle of a wide, flat iced area at a distance of 14 km from the base of a sloping surface and at the top of a steep ridge (Inexpressible Island). The aim was to investigate the perturbation of turbulence close to the ground generated by the interaction of the flow with the ridge. We present an analysis comparing the data measured at the upstream unperturbed station with those at the top of the obstacle. Moments and spectra of velocity components have been calculated for almost steady periods. The topography and roughness change produce a combined effect on the flow acceleration (of the opposite sign) and on the turbulent stresses (of the same sign). Spectra of velocity components measured at the top of the ridge and scaled by unperturbed quantities evidence an increment of energy in the high frequency subrange with respect to the up-stream flow. Moreover, the horizontal velocity components display a shift in turbulence maximum towards higher frequencies. The vertical velocity spectrum exhibits an energy increment at low frequencies with respect to the upstream spectrum.     

利用多台首波Pn、直达波Pg走时确定地壳厚度及波速

本文通过对首波Pn、直达波Pg的走时的反演,推导出地壳厚度、震源深度、P波在地壳中、壳幔边界的传播速度之间的关系式,利用多台地震记录确定一个区域内这些参数的值,从而建立出该区域的地壳模型。     

安阳及邻区中强地震前波速比时空演化特征分析与研究

本文运用安阳及邻区研究范围内,地震台网所能接收到的 S-P≤25.0 秒的所有台站记录到的ML≥2.0级地震的P波到时和 S 波到时进行了波速比计算,并对研究区域内 5 次中强地震前波速比变化作了空间演化图。从 2001年5月到现在波速比空间演化特征来看,明显出现了低值异常集中区和高低值异常交替区。从时间序列演化特征来看,波速比始终处于低于平均值1.70 以下。根据我们以往对研究区域内波速比的研究和对比分析,在未来24个月,研究区域存在发生 ML≥5.5 级±0.5 级地震的可能。