全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1401篇 |
免费 | 159篇 |
国内免费 | 280篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 211篇 |
废物处理 | 32篇 |
环保管理 | 214篇 |
综合类 | 737篇 |
基础理论 | 279篇 |
环境理论 | 2篇 |
污染及防治 | 103篇 |
评价与监测 | 17篇 |
社会与环境 | 103篇 |
灾害及防治 | 142篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 6篇 |
2023年 | 26篇 |
2022年 | 50篇 |
2021年 | 60篇 |
2020年 | 57篇 |
2019年 | 48篇 |
2018年 | 50篇 |
2017年 | 45篇 |
2016年 | 66篇 |
2015年 | 58篇 |
2014年 | 51篇 |
2013年 | 72篇 |
2012年 | 111篇 |
2011年 | 104篇 |
2010年 | 78篇 |
2009年 | 84篇 |
2008年 | 73篇 |
2007年 | 98篇 |
2006年 | 92篇 |
2005年 | 87篇 |
2004年 | 77篇 |
2003年 | 58篇 |
2002年 | 51篇 |
2001年 | 38篇 |
2000年 | 50篇 |
1999年 | 30篇 |
1998年 | 26篇 |
1997年 | 24篇 |
1996年 | 26篇 |
1995年 | 31篇 |
1994年 | 24篇 |
1993年 | 13篇 |
1992年 | 10篇 |
1991年 | 9篇 |
1990年 | 10篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 9篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 7篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1840条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
31.
32.
区域性洪涝灾害的灾情评估 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以区域孕灾环境、致灾因子和承灾能力三方面的资料为基础,探讨了如何运用地理信息系统和评估模型进行洪涝灾害灾情评估的思路和方法.经实例验证,综合灾害经济损失总量、区域调节承受能力和灾后社会或部门追加投入总量的洪涝灾度评估方法,可对区域实际遭受洪涝灾害的破坏程度和影响深度做出科学、客观、合理的评估. 相似文献
33.
杨丽娟 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2004,14(3):124-126
随着我国社会主义市场经济体制的建立和发展,企业将面临着一个日益完善的市场经济体系,这就要求企业的行为要更加规范。于是能够评价、分析企业盈利能力、生存能力、发展能力等各项指标的财务分析体系,就显得尤为重要了。本文主要从现行条件下财务分析体系入手,从财务分析体系的内容和发展前景两个方面,阐述了对财务分析体系发展的几点初步认识。 相似文献
34.
流域管理:权力产权的外部性问题 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
水资源的自然、经济和社会属性要求政府对流域的开发和利用进行管理,以解决个体使用者的外部性问题.但实际上由于政府并不是只有单一目标的统一组织,在分权体制下,不同区域、部门的政府单元掌握着实际权力.由于权力也存在外部性,各管理区域、部门之间存在利益冲突,导致政府的管理失效.解决政府权力外部性的办法:一是要转变政府职能,改变政府的激励机制;二是严格界定各政府单元的权力界限,对流域进行统一管理. 相似文献
35.
36.
聚合硅酸硫酸铝铁的制备与应用 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4
在n(Fe A1)/n(Si)为0.5~1.0、n(Al)/n(Fe)为2.5~3.0、SiO2质量分数为2.3%、硅酸钠溶液的活化pH为5.5、硅酸钠溶液的活化时间为12min或SiO2的质量分数为2.0%、硅酸钠溶液的活化pH为6.0、硅酸钠溶液的活化时间为3min的条件下,制备出的聚合硅酸硫酸铝铁对废水的除浊效果最佳,除浊率大于98%。 相似文献
37.
B. Y. Aminuddin M. H. Ghulam W. Y. Wan Abdullah M. Zulkefli R. B. Salama 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2005,5(1-2):89-101
Cameron Highlands is a mountainous region with steep slopes. Gradients exceeding 20∘ are common. The climate is favourable to the cultivation of tea, sub-tropical vegetables and flowers (under rain-shelter).
Crop production is sustained by high fertiliser and manure applications. However, agriculture in this environment is characterised
by high levels of soil erosion and environmental pollution. A study on the sustainability of these agro-ecosystems was conducted.
Results indicated that soil loss was in the range of 24–42 ton/ha/yr under vegetables and 1.3 ton under rain-shelter. Sediment
load in the vegetable sub-catchment reached 3.5 g/L, 50 times higher than that associated with flowers under rain-shelter
and tea. The sediments contained high nutrient loads of up to 470 kg N/ha/yr. The N, P and K lost in runoff from cabbage farms
was 154 kg/season/ha, whereas in chrysanthemum farms it was 5 kg. In cabbage farms, the N, P, and K lost through leaching
was 193 kg/season/ha. The NO3–N concentration in the runoff from the cabbage farms reached 25 ppm but less than 10 ppm in runoff from rain-shelters. Inorganic
pollution in the rivers was within the acceptable limit of 10 ppm. The sustainability of the agro-ecosystems is in the order
of tea { > } rain–shelter ≫ vegetables. 相似文献
38.
Using empirical models of species colonization under multiple threatening processes to identify complementary threat‐mitigation strategies 下载免费PDF全文
Ayesha I.T. Tulloch Alessio Mortelliti Geoffrey M. Kay Daniel Florance David Lindenmayer 《Conservation biology》2016,30(4):867-882
Approaches to prioritize conservation actions are gaining popularity. However, limited empirical evidence exists on which species might benefit most from threat mitigation and on what combination of threats, if mitigated simultaneously, would result in the best outcomes for biodiversity. We devised a way to prioritize threat mitigation at a regional scale with empirical evidence based on predicted changes to population dynamics—information that is lacking in most threat‐management prioritization frameworks that rely on expert elicitation. We used dynamic occupancy models to investigate the effects of multiple threats (tree cover, grazing, and presence of an hyperaggressive competitor, the Noisy Miner (Manorina melanocephala) on bird‐population dynamics in an endangered woodland community in southeastern Australia. The 3 threatening processes had different effects on different species. We used predicted patch‐colonization probabilities to estimate the benefit to each species of removing one or more threats. We then determined the complementary set of threat‐mitigation strategies that maximized colonization of all species while ensuring that redundant actions with little benefit were avoided. The single action that resulted in the highest colonization was increasing tree cover, which increased patch colonization by 5% and 11% on average across all species and for declining species, respectively. Combining Noisy Miner control with increasing tree cover increased species colonization by 10% and 19% on average for all species and for declining species respectively, and was a higher priority than changing grazing regimes. Guidance for prioritizing threat mitigation is critical in the face of cumulative threatening processes. By incorporating population dynamics in prioritization of threat management, our approach helps ensure funding is not wasted on ineffective management programs that target the wrong threats or species. 相似文献
39.
Azo compounds are widely involved in the industrial processes of dyes, pigments, initiators, and blowing agents. Unfortunately, these compounds have a bivalent unstable –NN– composition, which can be readily broken when the ambient temperature is elevated. Self-accelerating decomposition might cause a runaway reaction and lead to a fire, explosion, or leakage when the cooling system fails or other events occur. This study investigated the explosion properties, thermal stability parameters, and thermal hazard and mechanism of 2,2′–azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) and 2,2′–azobis–2–methylbutyronitrile (AMBN). We used a 20-L apparatus, vent sizing package 2, synchronous thermal analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry under explosive, adiabatic, and dynamic conditions to acquire the explosive curves, thermal curves, and thermodynamic parameters of the substances. Moreover, the differential isoconversional method (Friedman method) and ASTM E698 equation were employed to obtain the apparent activation energy Ea. All the experimental results revealed that AIBN is more dangerous than AMBN. The Ea of AIBN was lower than that of AMBN. The results can be used to construct an azo compound thermal hazard database for use for searches and reference examples by industry and related research areas. 相似文献
40.
Nicole Shumway Megan I. Saunders Sam Nicol Richard A. Fuller Noam Ben-Moshe Takuya Iwamura Sun W. Kim Nicholas J. Murray James E. M. Watson Martine Maron 《Conservation biology》2023,37(2):e14031
Biodiversity offsets aim to counterbalance the residual impacts of development on species and ecosystems. Guidance documents explicitly recommend that biodiversity offset actions be located close to the location of impact because of higher potential for similar ecological conditions, but allowing greater spatial flexibility has been proposed. We examined the circumstances under which offsets distant from the impact location could be more likely to achieve no net loss or provide better ecological outcomes than offsets close to the impact area. We applied a graphical model for migratory shorebirds in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway as a case study to explore the problems that arise when incorporating spatial flexibility into offset planning. Spatially flexible offsets may alleviate impacts more effectively than local offsets; however, the risks involved can be substantial. For our case study, there were inadequate data to make robust conclusions about the effectiveness and equivalence of distant habitat-based offsets for migratory shorebirds. Decisions around offset placement should be driven by the potential to achieve equivalent ecological outcomes; however, when considering more distant offsets, there is a need to evaluate the likely increased risks alongside the potential benefits. Although spatially flexible offsets have the potential to provide more cost-effective biodiversity outcomes and more cobenefits, our case study showed the difficulty of demonstrating these benefits in practice and the potential risks that need to be considered to ensure effective offset placement. 相似文献