AN防御蜡梅酸致损伤最佳条件选择

本文以蜡梅光合速率、叶绿素含量、质膜透性为生理指标，研究了ＡＮ对酸雨引起蜡梅损伤的防御作用与最佳作用条件，实验结果表明，以酸雨处理前２４ｈ处理后４８ｈ时间内，喷施１００ｐｐｍＡＮ３次的防御效应最佳。     

特种劳动防护鞋检测有关问题探讨

通过对特种劳动防护鞋的检测,对检测质量的保证因素和在检测中发现的问题进行分析与探讨.特种劳动防护鞋的质量问题是检测合格率低的主要因素,国家标准的采用及理解是检测工作的基础,规范的检测操作是保证检测结果准确性的重要因素.     

活性炭纤维在含碳吸附型防护服中的应用

本文简述了含碳吸附型防护服的发展历程,具体阐述了活性炭纤维的主要特性以及作为吸附材料的防护机理,最后介绍了国内外活性炭纤维在含碳吸附型防护服中研究和应用的情况。     

The Effects of Local Cooling on Thermophysiological Response in Participants Wearing Dust-Free Garments

This study was designed to find the effects of two kinds of dust-free garments with (A) and without (B) frozen gel strip (FGS), and half-naked clothing (brassiere and shorts; C) on thermophysiological parameters and on temperature and humidity within clothing. The heart rate, rectal, and skin temperatures as well as sweat rate and clothing microclimate were measured during 140 min in 9 healthy females. Inquiries were also made into the subjective rating of thermal, humidity, and comfort sensations. The main findings in our experiments are as follows: (a) Physiological parameters such as rectal and skin temperatures (chest and forehead), heart rate, and sweat rate were clearly lowest in garb C, intermediate in garb A, and highest in garb B throughout the experiment; (b) Temperature and humidity within clothing were lower in garb A than in garb B; (c) More than half of the 9 participants decreased thermal sensation by wearing garb A. These results suggest that the usage of FGS could improve the heat load in lightly working participants wearing dust-free garments.     

A Comparison of Skin Temperatures and Clothing Microclimate During Moderate Intermittent Exercise in the Cold Between One and Two Layers of Cotton and Polypropylene Underwear

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of 2 kinds of underwear made from hydrophobic and hydrophilic fabrics on the mean skin temperatures and clothing microclimate (temperature, humidity) in participants performing intermittent exercise in cold environmental conditions.

One or 2 layers of cotton underwear (C1, C2) with a 2-piece long-sleeved shirt and long-legged trousers, and 1 or 2 layers of polypropylene underwear (P1, P2) with a 2-piece long-sleeved shirt and long-legged trousers were used as experimental underwear. In addition, the participants wore a 2-piece ski suit as 100% polyester clothing including 100% polyester padding. Ten young adult females volunteered as participants. The experiments were performed in a climatic chamber at an ambient temperature (T_a) of 0°C and an air velocity of 0.26 m s^?1.

The major findings are summarized as follows: (a) Although the clothing microclimate humidity was not different within the ski suit of outer clothing between C1 and P1, it was significantly higher in P2 than in C2; (b) Clothing microclimate temperature inside the ski suit did not differ between C1 and P1, whereas it was significantly higher in P2 than in C2; (c) The thermal gradient between innermost and outermost of clothing microclimate at back level did not show any difference between C1 and P1, but it was significantly higher in C2 than in P2. These results are discussed in terms of thermal physiology and clothing sciences.     

Dynamic Performance of Horizontal Flexible Anchor Lines During Fall Arrest— A Numerical Method of Simulation

Designing fall arrest systems, which contain horizontal flexible anchor lines is an important technical problem related to the safety of people who work at a height and need horizontal freedom of movement. The article presents a numerical simulation of the dynamic performance of horizontal flexible anchor lines during fall arrest. The model of a 2-component system—a horizontal flexible anchor line and a falling rigid mass, described with a second order non-linear differential equation—is the main element of this method. This method of simulation is realised by a computer program, which allows obtaining the most important data characterising a fall arrest. The article shows laboratory tests used for the verification of this method, which turned out to be a valuable source of information and which can be used for designing fall arrest systems.     

Dynamic Strength Tests for Low Elongation Lanyards

Lanyards are still important and common components of personal systems protecting against falls from a height. Experience with dynamic strength tests of lanyards indicates that test methods based on EN and ISO standards do not make objective assessment possible. This paper presents the results of theoretical and laboratory investigations of the performance of adjustable lanyards during fall arrest. The obtained results indicate that methods of testing and assessment based on those standards demonstrate considerable shortcomings when applied to low elongation lanyards. The assumptions for improved requirements and test methods of lanyards made of e.g., steel wire and aramid ropes are also presented.     

Calculation of Clothing Insulation by Serial and Parallel Methods: Effects on Clothing Choice by IREQ and Thermal Responses in the Cold

Cold protective clothing was studied in 2 European Union projects. The objectives were (a) to examine different insulation calculation methods as measured on a manikin (serial or parallel), for the prediction of cold stress (IREQ); (b) to consider the effects of cold protective clothing on metabolic rate; (c) to evaluate the movement and wind correction of clothing insulation values.

Tests were carried out on 8 subjects. The results showed the possibility of incorporating the effect of increases in metabolic rate values due to thick cold protective clothing into the IREQ model. Using the higher thermal insulation value from the serial method in the IREQ prediction, would lead to unacceptable cooling of the users. Thus, only the parallel insulation calculation method in EN 342:2004 should be used. The wind and motion correction equation (No. 2) gave realistic values for total resultant insulation; dynamic testing according to EN 342:2004 may be omitted.     

《防护服一般要求》修订初探

国际标准化技术委员会在ISO13688:2013《防护服 一般要求（Protective clothing-General requirements）》投票草案中,对标准的使用范围、 设计、安全、卫生健康、环境保护、人机工效学、尺寸、标识和制造商应提供的信息等,提出了更加严格、具体的技术要求,同时提供了配套的检测方法。重点对该国际标准的人类工效学、健康卫生、环境影响等技术条款及检测验证方法进行了初步的探讨,提出对我国修改采用该国际标准的国家标准GB/T20097-2006《防护服 一般要求》的相关技术要求修订的建议方案     

劳动特效护肤霜的研制及效果观察

为防治职业性皮肤病,保护工人身体健康,采用水解明胶研制和生产出劳动特效护肤霜。对这种护肤霜的使用,作者用统一的方法,在冬季对５１９ 例皲裂患者进行效果观察。发现对各种程度的皲裂均有显著疗效。有效率达９８．２０％ ,治愈率达８９．２１％ ,皲裂程度愈轻效果愈明显。在使用过程中,未见任何刺激性和副作用,部分患者用这种护肤霜擦脸后,皮肤变得细嫩光滑。经过安全和毒性试验表明：无毒性、无致敏性、无刺激性。三种致突变试验均属阴性。长期使用是安全的。观察表明：对皮肤皲裂有显著的治疗功效,同时还能有效地保护皮肤