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排序方式: 共有7654条查询结果,搜索用时 328 毫秒
81.
用事故树分析法进行炼厂油罐爆炸事故的环境风险评价 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
论述了风险、风险评价、环境风险评价的概念及其主要内容,说明利用事故树分析法进行工程环境风险评价的程序和方法。并运用这种方法对某炼厂油罐爆炸事故进行了大气环境风险评价。 相似文献
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Mark A. Harwell John F. Long Ann M. Bartuska John H. Gentile Christine C. Harwell Victoria Myers John C. Ogden 《Environmental management》1996,20(4):497-521
The ecosystems of South Florida are unique in the world. The defining features of the natural Everglades (large spatial scale, temporal patterns of water storage and sheetflow, and low nutrient levels) historically allowed a mosaic of habitats with characteristic animals. Massive hydrological alterations have halved the Everglades, and ecological sustainability requires fundamental changes in management.The US Man and the Biosphere Human-Dominated Systems Directorate is conducting a case study of South Florida using ecosystem management as a framework for exploring options for mutually dependent sustainability of society and the environment. A new methodology was developed to specify sustainability goals, characterize human factors affecting the ecosystem, and conduct scenario/consequence analyses to examine ecological and societal implications. South Florida has sufficient water for urban, agricultural, and ecological needs, but most water drains to the sea through the system of canals; thus, the issue is not competition for resources but storage and management of water. The goal is to reestablish the natural system for water quantity, timing, and distribution over a sufficient area to restore the essence of the Everglades.The societal sustainability in the Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA) is at risk because of soil degradation, vulnerability of sugar price supports, policies affecting Cuban sugar imports, and political/economic forces aligned against sugar production. One scenario suggested using the EAA for water storage while under private sugar production, thereby linking sustainability of the ecological system with societal sustainability. Further analyses are needed, but the US MAB project suggests achieving ecological sustainability consistent with societal sustainability may be feasible. 相似文献
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TOPHAZOP: a knowledge-based software tool for conducting HAZOP in a rapid, efficient yet inexpensive manner 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Faisal I. Khan S. A. Abbasi 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》1997,10(5-6):333-343
Hazard and operability (HAZOP) studies constitute an essential step in the risk analysis of any chemical process industry and involve systematic identification of every conceivable abnormal process deviation, its causes and abnormal consequences. These authors have recently proposed optHAZOP as an alternative procedure for conducting HAZOP studies in a shorter span of time than taken by conventional HAZOP procedure, with greater accuracy and effectiveness [Khan, F. I. and Abassi, S. A., optHAZOP. An effective and efficient technique for hazard identification and assessment Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 1997, 10, 191–204]. optHAZOP consists of several steps, the most crucial one requires use of a knowledge-based software tool which would significantly reduce the requirement of expert man-hours and speed up the work of the study team. TOPHAZOP (Tool for OPTmizing HAZOP) has been developed to fulfil this need.
The TOPHAZOP knowledge-base consists of two main branches: process-specific and general. The TOPHAZOP framework allows these two branches to interact during the analysis to address the process-specific aspects of HAZOP analysis while maintaining the generality of the system. The system is open-ended and modular in structure to make easy implementation and/or expansion of knowledge. The important features of TOPHAZOP and its performance on an industrial case study are described. 相似文献
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河南省综合自然景观旅游资源的区际比较研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对目前河南省综合自然景观旅游资源区域整体优劣定量评价不足的情况,选取了国家重点风景名胜区、国家水利风景区、国家自然保护区、国家森林公园和国家地质公园5类综合自然景观类旅游资源,采用绝对数量、地均数量、人均数量3种评价指标和定量分析方法,对河南省18个省辖市的综合自然景观旅游资源进行了比较,阐述了河南省综合自然景观旅游资源空间分布的基本状况和旅游资源的区域发展重点。 相似文献
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四川德昌县典型泥石流灾害风险评价 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
四川德昌县虎皮弯沟、凉峰沟和凹米罗沟为凉山州安宁河一级支流茨达河的3条支沟,泥石流危险度依次为0.49,0.65和0.45,分别属于中度危险、高度危险和中度危险的泥石流沟;泥孑亍流易损度依次为0.79,0.82和0.81,分别属于高度易损、极高易损和极高易损的泥石流沟;泥石流风险度依次为0.39,0.53和0.37,均属于高风险泥石流沟,容易造成较大的泥石流灾害损失。2004年8月24日,因持续高强度降雨,导致3沟同时暴发泥石流,给当地社会经济和人民群众的生命财产造成丁巨大损失。建立了泥石流灾害损失评价方法,对这3场泥石流灾害损失进行了评价。针对此类严重灾害的高风险泥石流沟,提出了相应的整治建议,以减少和避免重大灾害的再次发生。 相似文献
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