社会安全事件空间分布研究

在讨论社会安全事件空间分布特点的基础上,简要介绍用于空间自相关性分析的主要算法。重点对基于密度聚类(DENCLUE,density-based clustering)的算法的基本原理、过程及利用积分均方误差MISE进行精度检验等方面进行阐述。将该算法用于社会安全事件空间分布研究领域中的犯罪热点区域探测。分析结果表明,与以往分析方法相比DENCLUE算法具有抗噪声能力强、能生成任意形状的聚类等特点,可有效地用于社会安全事件空间分布区域的研究,但也发现算法在格网边长的确定及窗宽长度选择方面的不足,有待进一步研究。     

民用机场空防安全的风险管理研究

主要通过对民用机场空防安全存在的风险从作业人员、设备和设施、环境、管理等4方面进行识别;以系统的观点为基础,结合相关法规,建立空防安全风险评价指标体系;运用AHP方法对民用机场的空防安全进行风险研究,并通过研究、分析计算数据,查找、预测民用机场空防系统中存在的一些不足和缺陷;针对机场保安、管理、规章制度等方面的不足,结合中国民航和民用机场的现状及实际情况提出相应的建议性措施,以期达到最低事故率、最少损失和最优的安全投资效益。     

大型社会活动安全风险评估指标研究

在对大型社会活动特点及其活动增长趋势分析的基础上,通过对大型社会活动典型伤亡事故的统计,将事故发生直接原因归纳为突发自然灾害、设备设施故障、管控措施失误、疏散设施不符合要求、人为事件和其他因素6类;根据风险管理理论,针对大型社会活动安全风险,从人-机-环-管安全系统工程的观点出发,以准确反映大型社会活动的本质特征和事故预防与控制为目标、尽可能量化为原则,提出具有4个一级指标、9个二级指标和24个三级指标的大型社会活动安全风险评估指标体系和评估依据,并对周边环境、人群密度、疏散速度及人群状况指标进行量化分级。     

The need for integration of drought monitoring tools for proactive food security management in sub‐Saharan Africa

Reducing the impact of drought and famine remains a challenge in sub‐Saharan Africa despite ongoing drought relief assistance in recent decades. This is because drought and famine are primarily addressed through a crisis management approach when a disaster occurs, rather than stressing preparedness and risk management. Moreover, drought planning and food security efforts have been hampered by a lack of integrated drought monitoring tools, inadequate early warning systems (EWS), and insufficient information flow within and between levels of government in many sub‐Saharan countries. The integration of existing drought monitoring tools for sub‐Saharan Africa is essential for improving food security systems to reduce the impacts of drought and famine on society in this region. A proactive approach emphasizing integration requires the collective use of multiple tools, which can be used to detect trends in food availability and provide early indicators at local, national, and regional scales on the likely occurrence of food crises. In addition, improving the ability to monitor and disseminate critical drought‐related information using available modern technologies (e.g., satellites, computers, and modern communication techniques) may help trigger timely and appropriate preventive responses and, ultimately, contribute to food security and sustainable development in sub‐Saharan Africa.     

电热器具安全性可靠性探讨

本文首先介绍了产品安全性和可靠性的关系,通过对电热水壶电路的分析和比较,提出了一些改进意见.希望相关的企业通过上述的分析,从中得到借鉴,进而提高类似产品的安全性和可靠性.     

论灾害医学及灾后的医疗卫生保障

文中对灾害医学的诞生和发展,灾害医学的特点以及灾害医学的任务进行了论述,并对军队在灾后救援中的作用作出客观的评价。     

医疗废物焚烧处置中二恶英的过程控制安全技术

针对我国目前医疗废物焚烧处置中所存在的问题,根据二恶英生成机理和影响因素,对医疗废物焚烧处置各阶段的二恶英减排控制技术、工况参数设计、工艺设备选择等关键环节进行深入分析。结合分析结果,提出了在医疗废物焚烧前控制中,对医疗废物分类收集、分别处置进行氯源控制;讨论了医疗废物焚烧过程控制中焚烧温度、停留时间、湍流程度、过剩空气系数的最佳工艺参数;指明了医疗废物焚烧后控制中的急冷、脱酸、喷粉、除尘及灰渣处置的最优控制技术。     

Improving food security in Swaziland: The transition from subsistence to communally managed cash cropping

The Komati Downstream Development Project (KDDP), based upon the Maguga Dam has enabled 6,000 hectares of semi‐arid lowveld, in a region with low and highly variable rainfall to be converted from subsistence to irrigated commercial farming, mainly of sugar cane. This has transformed the Swazi sugar industry from one dominated by a small number of large‐scale commercial estates to one where more than 1,500 previously impoverished small‐scale Swazi farmers have been able to enter the industry by joining farmers’ associations and creating communally managed farms. Recent changes to the EU's Sugar Protocol have undermined the financial viability of the KDDP farms and undermined food security, especially for the poorest, due to the cut in sugar prices. However, some farmers’ associations have opted to keep some of their land as irrigated home gardens, rather than convert all their land to sugar cane. This model has improved food security at a time of low sugar prices and points to a more sustainable way of using water from large scale dams than the conventional model. It is argued that the EU should target support to members of the KDDP who have taken out large‐scale loans to pay for the in‐field infrastructure and encourage all farmers’ associations to adopt the food garden model. This would enable them to continue to benefit from the irrigation through improved production of subsistence crops, whilst they diversify their commercial production into novel markets.     

基于国家经济安全视角的知识产权审查机制研究

结合知识产权现有的实践活动,结合中国的行政程序,提出了知识产权审查机制的基本框架,实现了知识产权审议的基本程序和开展重大经济活动的一般程序的有机融合。在该基础上,对重大经济活动知识产权审查机制的管理模式进行了概念设计,为构建和完善知识产权审查机制提供了有益的参考。     

大气化学灾害应急气象保障系统的设计与开发

大气化学灾害应急气象保障系统是针对危险化学品的泄漏、爆炸和光化学烟雾等大气化学灾害应急处置专门设计开发的技术支持系统，该系统由大气化学灾害事故信息接警、现场气象监测、气象资料综合显示、社会经济环境背景查询、危险大气成分预报、决策服务产品制作、应急指挥、预警信息发布等若干子系统组成，可以为各级政府指挥大气化学灾害的应急工作提供科技支撑平台。