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71.
安徽省是一个特殊的中强地震区,地震活动呈现华北、华南两大地震区的过渡特征。通过分析安徽省的重力异常及航磁异常资料,认为中强震往往发生于正负重力或航磁异常的交接部位;重力、航磁异常等值线梯级带上,莫霍面、磁性层上界面等深线的梯级带上;重力、航磁异常等值线的拐折部位,莫霍面、磁性层上界面等深浅的拐折部位。对这些结论提出了分析模式,并作了地震构造解释。最后,根据这些结论,预测了未来地震危险区。 相似文献
72.
“一一·二四”海难渤海风场的数值模拟 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
用中尺度数值模式 MM5对 1999年 11月 24日烟台附近发生重大海难事故的渤海风场进行了数值模 拟,探讨了该次冷锋大风的风场特征和影响机制.结果表明:用90km的粗网格可以成功地模拟地面冷高压 与锋面的发展和移动,以及高空环流形势的演变.而通过30km细网格的模拟发现,在冷锋后的行星边界层 中.存在着一条宽度为 200 kin的中尺度强风带,最大风速位于 925hPa,它与高空的极锋急流并不相连;细 网格还模拟出了渤海中尺度低压的发展过程,它使近地面层大风的强度显著加强.模拟还表明,海陆差异对 近地面的风场分布有重要的影响,强风带移入渤海后,在渤海海域形成一个 200—300 km的中尺度强风 区.因此,采用具有较高分辨率的中尺度数值模式,对提高渤海大风的预报水平,避兔海难事故的发生更具 有重要意义. 相似文献
73.
应用两种描述地震活动平静的特征参数Wq 和σH 对华东地区 1972年以来ML≥ 2 .3地震进行时空扫描。结果表明 :Wq 在华东地区大多数M >5地震之前均出现 1年左右或稍长时间的平静异常 ,震中一般在平静异常区的边缘或内部。对Wq 空间异常区σH 的时间扫描在某些地区也能够较好地显示1年左右的平静异常。这可能说明了地震活动平静也是中强地震的一种中短期预报指标 相似文献
74.
地震作用下结构失稳诱发的塌陷和地裂缝机理分析 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
分析了地震诱发的地表塌陷和地裂缝机制。通过地裂缝微观机理分析研究发现:(1)地震造成了大量的地裂缝和塌陷,这些破坏的出现与地震发生时造成的瞬间应力变化和结构破坏密切相关;(2)利用结构突变失稳理论来研究岩土体内部结构是可行的。当应力状态满足孔隙结构失稳判别式时,结构元的变形状态将产生一个“跳跃”;(3)地震情况下岩土体颗粒之间有效接触力的增加,使得结构的变形能增大;同时导致颗粒间连接刚度的降低,导致结构的失稳,这些变化又是在瞬间发生和完成的,这就造成了在地震发生时总是伴随着大量的裂缝和塌陷的出现。 相似文献
75.
76.
ABSTRACT: A simple simulator was constructed, calibrated, programmed and used in management studies of a hydraulic system containing two pumping stations in series, connected by canals and reservoirs. The features of the model, its calibration and use are described, and comparisons between measured and computed hydraulic behavior are presented. 相似文献
77.
Teruo Yamamoto 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1974,10(3):531-546
ABSTRACT: An extensive hammer seismic refraction survey was carried out in three contiguous watersheds (217, 89, and 190 acres) on a laccolith near Sturgis, South Dakota to test its utility in rugged mountain terrain. Isopachs (lines connecting points of equal mantle thickness), area-elevation curves (hypsometry), and structure contours were used together with drill cores, petrography, hydrographs, and soil information to interpret the nature and role of porous mantle in the waterflow behavior of the watersheds. Refraction profiles produced only one geologically meaningful seismic contrast within the loccolith. Drill cores indicated a shallow stony profile on a sheeted horizon terminating on isotropic crystalline rock impervious except for tight joints. Means of refraction and core interpretations were not statistically different. Apparent seismic discontinuities deeper within the bedrock lacked geological identity. Storm hydrographs and water yields are better related to soil type differences and porous mantle distribution than to average porous mantle depth. On the other hand, slope of flow-duration curves correlate with average porous mantle depth. Porous mantle isopachs also indicate that measured flow from each basin is total area flow. Thus, porous mantle isopachs and hypsometry, and soil type delineation are complimentary in our interpretation of watershed behavior. 相似文献
78.
依据尾波衰减特征,采用测量尾波包络体最大双振幅方法,分别用单次散射和多次散射模式处理了苏、皖、鲁、冀四省42个DD-1台站,51个地震的尾波资料,求出与散射有关的地球介质Q因子,并对Q值随尾波推移时间窗、震中距的变化进行归一法处理,公式如文中式(11)、(12),用归一法求得的多次散射模式Q02值分布图象表明,高Q值与中强地震的活动背景有关,这种简易测定地球介质Q值的方法在地震前兆分析中有着良好的应用前景 相似文献
79.
The evaluation of vulnerability of process equipment to explosion is a central issue in the analysis of industrial risks. In this work, we have developed a simplified model, however based on fundamental equations, which includes structural and fluid–dynamic parameters for the target (the industrial equipment) and for the impacting pressure wave (shock waves) or object (fragment, debris) produced by different type of chemical explosions.The validity of methodology has been assessed by case histories. Several insights on the dynamic of structural interaction of the explosion with the target have been obtained, with specific reference to escalation effects.The model derives from the well-known Johnson's number, often adopted in impact engineering. 相似文献
80.
The coupled fluid-structure-rupture model was developed to study the propagation and intensity of blast wave from hydrogen pipe rupture due to internal detonation. The dynamic rupture of pipe and propagation of blast wave were well coupled together in every timestep during the simulation. The numerical model was validated with experiments in terms of both typical rupture profiles and blast overpressures. Results reveal that crack branching of pipe can dramatically increase the rupture opening rate which controls the intensity and shape of the resultant blast wave. Due to the process of crack initiation and extension, the blast wave out of the pipe first forms and then is strengthened by the subsequent compression waves. This makes the maximum peak overpressure appears at a certain standoff distance above the rupture. Despite consuming some percentages of energy, the dynamic rupture of pipe generally presents positive effects (up to 2–3 times) on the blast wave intensity along the jetting direction due to the convergence effect of rupture opening on the release of internal high-pressure gas. Finally, through defining normalized overpressure and impulse based on the same hydrogen detonation in open spaces, the quantitative influences of pipe rupture on the blast wave intensity in cases of different detonation pressures and standoff distances are clarified. 相似文献