油罐区独立避雷针保护作用的分析

通过对国家标准的理解分析．给出了避雷针的设立条件。通过对某企业油罐区独立避雷针实例的计算．计算了独立避雷针的保护半径和范围．说明独立避雷针对罐区油罐的保护作用很有限，基本不能对油罐起保护作用。     

多级扩径单桩的可靠性测试与分析

用垂直静载的加载方法，对多级扩径单桩进行可靠性测试，其结果表明，被测试单桩竖向抗压极限承载力值均大于设计要求。     

废水半硝化脱氮新工艺

对国内外正在研究开发的一种新的生物脱氮技术 :厌氧半硝化工艺 (SHARON)进行了介绍 ,对传统生物脱氮工艺和新的生物脱氮工艺的原理进行了比较 ,分析了这种新工艺的理论基础、运行条件、特点和存在的问题等 ,并对厌氧半硝化工艺未来的发展进行了预测     

浅谈县级生态农业建设评价指标体系框架

我省自八十年代初始,已开展了生态农业试点建设,在不同区域条件下取得了明显的经济、生态、社会三大效益。“八五”期间试点范围还将会扩大,在此基础上,提出评价指标为生态农业建设规范化提供依据。本文拟写评价指标体系及其标准原则、评价方法、指标体系的解释和评价单项指标群体。通过指标评价方法,既可找出影响生态经济功能的限制因子,又可找到问题的突破口及配套措施。将有效地促进县级生态农业的健康发展。     

Faecal marking behaviour in ringtails (Bassariscus astutus) during the non-breeding period: spatial characteristics of latrines and single faeces

Summary. Scent signals are the main source of information transmission in carnivores, being particularly important for those with nocturnal habits like the ringtail (Bassariscus astutus), a Procyonid widely distributed in Mexico. However, faecal marking behaviour of free-ranging ringtails has not been described previously. The aims of this study were to describe the use of latrines in ringtails and to test if single faeces and latrines have a marking function, based on the spatial characterisation of the defecation places and revisits to these sites. The study was conducted at an urban reserve within Mexico City in 2003, where 80 defecation points were analysed. The results showed that ringtails deposit faeces repeatedly in the same sites (latrines), which contain a variable number of faeces (between 2 and 19). The spatial distribution of latrines was not random, but a selection of substrates and zones that enhanced the effectiveness as faecal marks was observed. Latrines were preferentially placed on objects above ground level and at road margins. Latrines and single faeces that were in inconspicuous zones were generally deposited on conspicuous substrates and latrines and single faeces that were in conspicuous zones were deposited more frequently on inconspicuous substrates.     

Single umbilical artery stenosis associated with intrauterine fetal death post-transfusion

Single umbilical artery is among the most common funicular vascular anomalies. In contrast, umbilical artery stenosis is rare, and has only been reported in three-vessel cords. We describe a case of single umbilical artery stenosis in a fetus with no associated malformations. Intrauterine fetal death occurred at 28weeks' gestation following cordocentesis and intravascular transfusion for Rhesus alloimmunization. Single umbilical artery stenosis may place the fetus at increased risk, particularly in cases requiring interventions involving cord manipulation. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Real-time PCR with molecular beacons provides a highly accurate assay for detection of Tay-Sachs alleles in single cells

The results presented here provide the first single-cell genetic assay for Tay-Sachs disease based on real-time PCR. Individual lymphoblasts were lysed with an optimized lysis buffer and assayed using one pair of primers that amplifies both the wild type and 1278 + TATC Tay-Sachs alleles. The resulting amplicons were detected in real time with two molecular beacons each with a different colored fluorochrome. The kinetics of amplicon accumulation generate objective criteria by which to evaluate the validity of each reaction. The assay had an overall utility of 95%, based on the detection of at least one signal in 235 of the 248 attempted tests and an efficiency of 97%, as 7 of the 235 samples were excluded from further analysis for objective quantitative reasons. The accuracy of the assay was 99.1%, because 228 of 230 samples gave signals consistent with the genotype of the cells. Only two of the 135 heterozygous samples were allele drop-outs, a rate far lower than previously reported for single-cell Tay-Sachs assays using conventional methods of PCR. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

苯并[a]芘和菲对缢蛏血细胞DNA损伤的研究

为研究苯并[a]芘和菲对缢蛏的毒性效应,将缢蛏(Sinonovacula constricta)分别暴露于浓度为0.45 mg·L-1、0.15 mg·L-1、0.05 mg·L-1苯并[a]芘溶液和0.45 mg·L-1、0.15 mg·L-1、0.05 mg·L-1菲的溶液中,采用单细胞凝胶电泳实验(彗星实验)技术检测不同暴露时间缢蛏血淋巴细胞的DNA损伤程度,对照组为清洁海水。结果显示,高浓度(0.45 mg·L-1)苯并[a]芘溶液和(0.45 mg·L-1)菲溶液在短期(7 d)内即可导致缢蛏血细胞显著的DNA损伤,并且随苯并芘[a]和菲浓度的增大和暴露时间的延长,DNA损伤程度增加。21 d恢复实验后,各浓度组DNA损伤又均有不同程度的恢复,但中高浓度组(0.45 mg·L-1和0.15 mg·L-1)与对照组仍显著性差异。两种多环芳烃物质对缢蛏血细胞的DNA损伤作用均存在较显著时间-剂量-效应关系。其中,苯并芘[a]对缢蛏血细胞的DNA损伤作用要高于菲。     

宇航用硅基高压快恢复整流二极管单粒子烧毁效应研究

目的针对宇航用硅基高压快恢复整流二极管开展单粒子效应研究。方法针对型号常用的各种工艺结构高压快恢复整流二极管系统,研究地面单粒子效应试验方法,包括粒子选择及注量率、单粒子效应检测系统、基于等效制样的单粒子效应试验样品匹配、试验流程,并选取三款典型器件进行单粒子评估试验,根据试验结果对硅基二极管单粒子烧毁失效的机理进行初步分析。结果得出了三款典型器件在各偏置电压下抗单粒子烧毁的LET阈值。结论形成了较为系统的高压二极管单粒子评估的试验方法,并可工程化应用。     

灾害避难行为的模拟模型研究（II）——单人单房情况的避难模拟

在我们已建立的避难行为模拟的初步模型的基础上,为了检验该模拟模型的实用性,就单人单房避难情况进行了模拟。检验了常见的墙移动,随朵移动、大力向移动等３种避难行为模式的避难效果,文中给出了模拟过程中各种参数的计算和设定方法,模拟结果表明：在较宽阔的房层内避难时,触墙移动是最有效的避难途径,在对单人单房避难模拟进行总结的基础上,本文还探讨了上述模型中存在的主要问题及其进一步完善的可能性。