全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5784篇 |
免费 | 540篇 |
国内免费 | 570篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 1184篇 |
废物处理 | 129篇 |
环保管理 | 1245篇 |
综合类 | 2620篇 |
基础理论 | 504篇 |
环境理论 | 13篇 |
污染及防治 | 308篇 |
评价与监测 | 290篇 |
社会与环境 | 286篇 |
灾害及防治 | 315篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 18篇 |
2023年 | 75篇 |
2022年 | 116篇 |
2021年 | 183篇 |
2020年 | 231篇 |
2019年 | 189篇 |
2018年 | 138篇 |
2017年 | 253篇 |
2016年 | 222篇 |
2015年 | 255篇 |
2014年 | 248篇 |
2013年 | 356篇 |
2012年 | 356篇 |
2011年 | 436篇 |
2010年 | 301篇 |
2009年 | 288篇 |
2008年 | 211篇 |
2007年 | 333篇 |
2006年 | 390篇 |
2005年 | 271篇 |
2004年 | 264篇 |
2003年 | 252篇 |
2002年 | 226篇 |
2001年 | 182篇 |
2000年 | 167篇 |
1999年 | 163篇 |
1998年 | 123篇 |
1997年 | 91篇 |
1996年 | 85篇 |
1995年 | 83篇 |
1994年 | 55篇 |
1993年 | 53篇 |
1992年 | 44篇 |
1991年 | 26篇 |
1990年 | 17篇 |
1989年 | 11篇 |
1987年 | 11篇 |
1986年 | 13篇 |
1985年 | 10篇 |
1983年 | 11篇 |
1982年 | 12篇 |
1981年 | 8篇 |
1980年 | 18篇 |
1979年 | 12篇 |
1978年 | 12篇 |
1977年 | 8篇 |
1974年 | 10篇 |
1973年 | 9篇 |
1971年 | 15篇 |
1970年 | 6篇 |
排序方式: 共有6894条查询结果,搜索用时 630 毫秒
371.
Grace Muriuki Anne-Maree Dowd Peta Ashworth 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2016,59(3):414-435
Setting universal goals for sustainability is problematic and may hinder the adoption of sustainable pathways as different sectors of society often have differing opinions on not just what sustainability means for them, but also what is of priority to them. This paper tests a set of psychographic, behavioural, lifestyle and social identities to segment the public on sustainability. We evaluate general knowledge, apply social-choice tools to identify public priorities, and then apply segmentation to reveal broad strata of community profiles around these choices. We discuss our findings in the context of moving beyond knowledge on sustainability and general public choices, to more nuanced messaging and engagement that respects differences in sustainability orientations. We suggest that by focusing on what matters most for different segments of society, there is potential to design effective processes to engage with people and acquire better ownership of sustainability. 相似文献
372.
Simo Sarkki Jari Niemelä Rob Tinch Jukka-Pekka Jäppinen Matti Nummelin Heikki Toivonen 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2016,59(8):1377-1396
The Convention on Biological Diversity's national biodiversity strategies and action plans (NBSAPs) are major mechanisms for mainstreaming biodiversity into national policies. This article examines whether and how the NBSAPs contribute to mainstreaming biodiversity across policy sectors in Finland in order to halt biodiversity loss. We have developed an innovative analytical framework where the concept of responsibility addresses how motivations for mainstreaming can be built, and the concept of social learning outcomes addresses the extent of institutional changes for biodiversity. The Finnish NBSAP processes have been able to build diverse forms of responsibility (liability, accountability, responsiveness and care) in different policy sectors by providing new knowledge, careful process design and developing institutional linkages. Despite pro-biodiversity outcomes in the targeted policy sectors, the responsibilities do not diffuse from the environmental administration to other policy sectors to a sufficient extent. Closing this ‘responsibility gap’ is a key challenge for building effective environmental policies. 相似文献
373.
A supportive attitude of residents towards protected areas is crucial for successful implementation and management, particularly in densely populated regions such as Central Europe. While previous studies have revealed that emotional and cultural drivers, as well as information level and group membership, can influence attitudes towards protected areas, the effect of place-attachment dimensions remains unclear. A postal survey among local residents (N = 460) explored factors influencing attitudes towards the Lungau (-Nockberge) Biosphere Reserve in Austria before its official recognition. Results indicated societal support throughout all socio-demographic strata. A logistic regression showed that, besides socio-demographics and information level, place attachment had a significant influence on the acceptance of the biosphere reserve. Supporters and opponents showed both high place identity and dependence, while waverers scored low on these dimensions. Results indicate that place attachment is relevant for the design of participatory processes as well as for developing management policies for biosphere reserves. 相似文献
374.
375.
针对传统工业生产过程配料系统精度差、效率低、维修量大、人机界面不友好、成本高等问题,将总线控制技术、分时复用技术和精确称重技术相结合,设计了一套基于Labview的自动混配料控制系统。给出了系统的通讯设计,软件设计及硬件设计。现场应用结果证明,该系统能够自动、快捷、友好、精确可靠的完成配料生产。 相似文献
376.
377.
Supporting Diverse Data Providers in the Open Water Data Initiative: Communicating Water Data Quality and Fitness of Use 下载免费PDF全文
Sara Larsen Stuart Hamilton Jessica Lucido Bradley Garner Dwane Young 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2016,52(4):859-872
Shared, trusted, timely data are essential elements for the cooperation needed to optimize economic, ecologic, and public safety concerns related to water. The Open Water Data Initiative (OWDI) will provide a fully scalable platform that can support a wide variety of data from many diverse providers. Many of these will be larger, well‐established, and trusted agencies with a history of providing well‐documented, standardized, and archive‐ready products. However, some potential partners may be smaller, distributed, and relatively unknown or untested as data providers. The data these partners will provide are valuable and can be used to fill in many data gaps, but can also be variable in quality or supplied in nonstandardized formats. They may also reflect the smaller partners' variable budgets and missions, be intermittent, or of unknown provenance. A challenge for the OWDI will be to convey the quality and the contextual “fitness” of data from providers other than the most trusted brands. This article reviews past and current methods for documenting data quality. Three case studies are provided that describe processes and pathways for effective data‐sharing and publication initiatives. They also illustrate how partners may work together to find a metadata reporting threshold that encourages participation while maintaining high data integrity. And lastly, potential governance is proposed that may assist smaller partners with short‐ and long‐term participation in the OWDI. 相似文献
378.
Morey Burnham Zhao Ma Joanna Endter‐Wada Tim Bardsley 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2016,52(6):1366-1384
In the Wasatch Range Metropolitan Area of Northern Utah, water management decision makers confront multiple forms of uncertainty and risk. Adapting to these uncertainties and risks is critical for maintaining the long‐term sustainability of the region's water supply. This study draws on interview data to assess the major challenges climatic and social changes pose to Utah's water future, as well as potential solutions. The study identifies the water management adaptation decision‐making space shaped by the interacting institutional, social, economic, political, and biophysical processes that enable and constrain sustainable water management. The study finds water managers and other water actors see challenges related to reallocating water, including equitable water transfers and stakeholder cooperation, addressing population growth, and locating additional water supplies, as more problematic than the challenges posed by climate change. Furthermore, there is significant disagreement between water actors over how to best adapt to both climatic and social changes. This study concludes with a discussion of the path dependencies that present challenges to adaptive water management decision making, as well as opportunities for the pursuit of a new water management paradigm based on soft‐path solutions. Such knowledge is useful for understanding the institutional and social adaptations needed for water management to successfully address future uncertainties and risks. 相似文献
379.
Ivar Lyhne Matthew Cashmore Hens Runhaar Frank van Laerhoven 《Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning》2016,18(1):121-140
The spectre of regulatory reform carried out in a range of Western countries has generated concern amongst parts of the environmental policy community. Quality and effectiveness are said to be at stake, but empirically there is a dearth of data on the relationship between provisions for quality control and the effects on quality and effectiveness. This research addresses this lacuna by analysing the effects of different quality control provisions in the Netherlands and Denmark for a globally institutionalized environmental appraisal tool—Environmental Assessment (EA). Extensive technical provisions for quality control in the Netherlands have led to it being described as the ‘Rolls Royce’ of EA systems, while in Denmark the polity is expected to take charge of quality control. The effects of quality control are investigated through surveys and in-depth interviews with actors centrally engaged with EA implementation. The results show that quality control provisions are poorly related to the perceived quality and effectiveness of EA. Only the appropriateness of the scope of EA reports is perceived to be strongly related to quality control provisions. The findings are relevant for environmental policy communities concerned with quality control systems and effectiveness of policy appraisal tools and policy-makers contemplating regulatory reforms. 相似文献
380.
Mercedes Sánchez Natalia López-Mosquera 《Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning》2016,18(1):47-66
Over the last 30 years, Spain has witnessed great economic growth. Nevertheless, in spite of an increasing degree of environmental concern, environmentally friendly attitudes and behaviours are still clearly below the European average. In this context, this paper analyses the impact of personal control and attitudes, and of certain socio-demographic, economic and political variables in the development of two environmentally friendly behaviours in Spain: consumption and purchase. The data were provided by a survey carried out in 2007 by the Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas (Centre for Sociological Research) in Spain. The results show the importance of personal control, level of environmental information, political ideology, age and educational level variables to explaining the development of pro-environmental-related consumption behaviours. Personal attitudes, work situation, female gender and level of environmental information influence pro-environmental purchase behaviour in a positive way. Taking into account that personal attitudes are more determining of pro-environmental purchase than consumption behaviour, policy measures such as informal education, tax measures, social and individual norms and interpersonal and institutional trust are discussed to increase the development of pro-environmental behaviours in Spain. 相似文献