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铁屑/焦炭/H2O2法预处理焦化废水的试验研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
采用铁屑/焦炭/H2O2法对焦化废水进行处理,通过单因素试验法考察了铁炭比、铁炭用量、H2O2用量、废水pH以及反应时间对处理效果的影响,并确定了最适工艺条件。结果表明,铁屑/焦炭/H2O2法与常规的铁屑内电解法相比,可显著提高焦化废水的预处理效果,并缩短反应时间。铁屑/焦炭/H2O2法处理焦化废水的最适条件为:铁炭比为4,铁炭用量为300mg/L铁屑+75mg/L焦炭,H2O2用量为1000mg/L,pH为3,反应时间20min。在此条件下,COD、色度、NH3-N和CN-的去除效率分别可达61.2%、74.0%、56.2%和74.3%,B/C比由处理前的0.189提高到0.387,处理水可生化性良好。铁屑/焦炭/H2O2可作为焦化废水的一种有效的预处理方法。 相似文献
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混凝-Fenton-BAF深度处理垃圾渗滤液中试研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
针对经过SBR处理后,难以再进一步生化降解的垃圾渗滤液,提出混凝-Fenton-曝气生物滤池(BAF)工艺进行深度处理.首先利用混凝去除SBR出水的悬浮性有机物,降低Fenton试剂的处理成本;然后采用Fenton试剂进行氧化处理,既降低垃圾渗滤液的COD值,又提高其可生化性,最后通过BAF工艺去除有机物,实验结果表明,在SBR出水COD为600~800 mg/L的情况下,最终出水的COD低于80 mg/L,处理成本仅为2.6元/t. 相似文献
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Transformations of particles, metal elements and natural organic matter in different water treatment processes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
YAN Ming-quan WANG Dong-sheng SHI Bao-you WEI Qun-shan QU Jiu-hui TANG Hong-xiao 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2007,19(3):271-277
Characterizing natural organic matter (NOM), particles and elements in different water treatment processes can give a useful information to optimize water treatment operations. In this article, transformations of particles, metal elements and NOM in a pilot-scale water treatment plant were investigated by laser light granularity system, particle counter, glass-fiber membrane filtration, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy, ultra filtration and resin absorbents fractionation. The results showed that particles, NOM and trihalomethane formation precursors were removed synergistically by sequential treatment of different processes. Preozonation markedly changed the polarity and molecular weight of NOM, and it could be conducive to the following coagulation process through destabilizing particles and colloids; mid-ozonation enhanced the subsequent granular activated carbon (GAC) filtration process by decreasing molecular weight of organic matters. Coagulation-flotation and GAC were more efficient in removing fixed suspended solids and larger particles; while sand-filtration was more efficient in removing volatile suspended solids and smaller particles. Flotation performed better than sedimentation in terms of particle and NOM removal. The type of coagulant could greatly affect the performance of coagulation-flotation. Pre-hydrolyzed composite coagulant (HPAC) was superior to FeCl3 concerning the removals of hydrophobic dissolved organic carbon and volatile suspended solids. The leakages of flocs from sand-filtration and microorganisms from GAC should be mitigated to ensure the reliability of the whole treatment system. 相似文献
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A stain-based screening method was developed to screen different catalyst coatings for their germicidal activity. A Baclight dead/live bacteria viability kit (invitrogen, molecular probes) was used for staining the cell. The screening was carried out following a standard procedure. This included loading cell suspension to solid surface and maintaining contact for 30 min, then staining with a mixture containing dyes. The stained cells were observed using an epifluorescent microscope and photographed with a CCD camera under UV. Metal-doped TiO2 coatings on AI plates were prepared and tested for non-UV germicidal activity without using UV. It was tested using model microorganisms such as Bakers Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas putida, and Escherichia coli. On the basis of the germicidal activity of catalyst and the degree of damage caused to the cells, the stained cells may appear green (viable), green with red or yellow nuclei and yellow (compromised) or red (nonviable). According to their stained color, cells were counted to calculate the percentage of dead, live, and compromised cells. Compromised cells are cells that grow very slowly after reculturing indicating a degree of reversible cell damage. Screening the germicidal activity using this staining method is accurate and efficient, and requires less time than the culture-based method. A modification to the procedure for measuring germicidal activity of rough surfaces or fibrous coatings was developed. Both TiO2 and metal-doped TiO2 (Ag, Pt, Au, Cu) possess non-UV based germicidal activity. The germicidal activity of TiO2 was found to be related with its wetting property and can be improved by UV irradiation before testing. It is not greatly affected by contact time, indicating a fast acting germicidal activity. 相似文献
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固体废物全过程管理中固体废物鉴别研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
对固体废物应进行全过程管理,固体废物鉴别是固体废物全过程管理的基础和关键,包括依据产生来源鉴别和过程鉴别两种方法,依据产生来源鉴别包括丧失原有利用价值的物质、在生产过程中产生的副产物、环境治理和污染控制过程中产生的物质、其他物质四类,在每一类中详细地列举了属于该产生来源的具体固体废物种类名称,便于理解和增强可操作性。过程鉴别包括在固体废物再生利用过程和处置过程中的固体废物鉴别两类,其中在再生利用过程的固体废物鉴别中明确指出了固体废物再生利用产物只有同时满足产品质量标准要求、国家污染控制标准要求以及有实际市场需求、固定用户等条件时,才不作为固体废物管理,在处置过程的固体废物鉴别中具体地列出了处置固体废物全过程中仍然作为固体废物管理的国际惯用处置方式。同时,给出了清晰的"原料—产品—固体废物—处置或产品"全过程中固体废物的产生节点和相应的固体废物类别图,为固体废物鉴别工作提供参考,使固体废物全过程管理有的放矢,有效防止固体废物对环境和人体健康造成的危害。 相似文献
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